第十三章 初中英语常考知识点清单
第一步学习目标：掌握下列常考知识点。
下列句型或短语在中考中经常出现，请同学们务必掌握好。
1．It’s time for sth. 是…的时候了。
It’s time to do sth. 是做…的时候了。
【典型例题】
It’s time for school. =It’s time to go to school.
2. It’s + adj. + for/of sb. + to do sth.
It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语to do sth.. 如果形容词是表示人物的性格特征的形容词nice, kind等时，用It’s nice/kind of sb. to do sth.的结构。
【典型例题】
It’s very difficult for me to learn English well.
It’s very nice of you to help me.
3. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费了某人（多长时间）
【拓展】
Sb. spend …on sth. /spend …(in) doing sth. 在…上花费（时间/金钱）
pay for 花费（金钱）
sth. cost sb. money 某物花费了某人多少钱
【典型例题】
(1) It took me two hours to do my homework.
I spent two hours doing my homework.
(2) I spend an hour reading English every day.
It takes me an hour to read English every day.
(3) He paid ten yuan for the book.
He spent ten yuan on/buying the book.
The book cost him ten yuan.
4. What/How about …? …怎么样？
后跟名词、代词或动名词短语。
提建议的句型还有：Shall we …? Let’s …
【典型例题】
What/How about going swimming tomorrow?
Good idea!/That sounds good!
5. What’s wrong with sb./sth.? …怎么啦？
同义句有：What’s the matter/trouble/problem with sb./sth.?
【拓展】
There is something with …. …出毛病了。
=… is broken. / … doesn’t work.
【典型例题】
What’s the matter with you?
There is something with my computer.
6. It seems/seemed that … 看起来…
该句型也可换为sb./sth. seems/seemed to do sth.
【典型例题】
It seemed that he knew the news.
=He seemed to know the news.
7. as + adj./adv. +as 和…一样
not as/so +adj./adv. + as 不如…
这两个比较句型分别表示甲与乙在某一方面程度相当或不等。注意形容词或副词都要用原级。
【典型例题】
(1) He lives as happily as us.
(2) He looks as happy as us.
(3) He didn’t get up as/so early as I.
I got up earlier than he.
8. would like (缩写为’d like) 想，愿意…
此句型多用于礼貌地提出要求或表示愿意提供帮助时，后接名词或动词不定式。同义句型为want to do sth.和feel like doing sth.
【典型例题】
(1) --Would you like some coffee?
--Yes, please. /No, thanks.
(2) --Would you like to go shopping with me?
--Yes, I’d like/love to.
(3) I want/would like to go hiking.
(4) I don’t feel like eating anything now.
9. had better do sth. 最好做某事
had better not do sh. 最好不要做某事
【典型例题】
(1) If you’re ill, you’d better see the doctor.
(2) It’s raining now. You’d better not go out.
10. both …and … 两者都…，既…又…
both与and连用，可连接两个并列的词和短语，连接两个主语时，谓语用复数形式。
【拓展】
not only …but also… 不但…而且…
either …or… 或者…或者…；两者之一
neither …nor … 既不…也不…；两者都不
上述三个短语连接两个主语时，谓语动词用就近原则。
【典型例题】
(1) Not only he but also I am invited.
(2) Both Jim and Tom are students.
(3) Not only Jim but also Tom is a student.
(4) Neither Jim nor Tom is a student.
(5) You can go there either by train or by bus.
11. be worth doing sth. 值得做某事
be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
【典型例题】
(1) The book is worth reading.
(2) We are busy preparing for the final exam.
12. not …until … 直到…才…
这个句型的主句谓语动词常用come, go, finish, leave等非持续性动词，引导时间状语从句。
【典型例题】
I didn’t go to bed until my father came back last night. =I went to bed after my father came back last night.
13. too +adj. +to +do sth. 太…而不能…
so + adj. + that + 从句 如此…以致…
such +(a/an) + adj. +n.+ that +从句
【典型例题】
(1) He is too young to go to school.
=He is so young that he can’t go to school.
(2) The box is too heavy for me to carry.
=The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it.
14. so that /in order that 以便， 为了
引导目的状语从句，从句中的谓语动词常与情态动词may, can等连用。
【典型例题】
He takes medicine on time so that he can get well soon. =He takes medicine on time in order to get well soon.
15. 祈使句 + and +陈述句（将来时）
祈使句 + or +陈述句（将来时）
在这一结构中，祈使句表示条件，相当于一个由if引导的条件状语从句，and/or后面的陈述句表示结果。
【典型例题】
(1) Work hard, and you will pass the exam.
=If you work hard, you’ll pass the exam.
(2) Study hard, or you won’t pass the exam.
=If you don’t study hard, you won’t pass the exam.
16. Would you mind (not) doing sth.? 你介意（不要）做某事吗？
肯定回答：Of course not. /No, not at all.
否定回答：You’d better not./Better not.
【典型例题】
(1) --Would you mind not smoking here?
--Of course not.
(2) –Do you mind if I open the door?
--Not at all.
17. Could you please (not) do sth.? 请你（不要）做某事，好吗？
【典型例题】
---Could you please not play football here?
---Sorry, I won’t.
18. ask sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人（不要）做某事
tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事
teach sb. how to do sth.告诉某人怎样做某事
【典型例题】
(1) Jim’s father asked him not to play soccer on the street.
(2) He has told you to meet at the school gate, hasn’t he?
(3) Yesterday I taught her how to send an e-mail.
19. one of the +最高级+名词复数+谓语动词的单数形式+…
最…的一个…
【典型例题】
(1) Edison is one of the greatest inventors in the world.
(2) Huangguoshu Waterfall is one of the most beautiful waterfalls in the world.
20. one…the other… 一个…另一个…
some…others… 一些…其他的…
【典型例题】
(1) Mr. Jackson has two daughters. One is a teacher, the other is a nurse.
(2) There are fifty students on the playground. Some are playing soccer, others are running.
21. stop to do sth. 停下来做某事
stop doing sth. 停止做某事
【典型例题】
(1) They are too tired. They have to stop walking.
(2) They are too tired. They have to stop to have a rest.
22. the +比较级，the +比较级 “越…，越…”
比较级+and+比较级 “越来越…”
more and more +多音节形容词 “越来越…”
【典型例题】
(1) The busier he is, the happier he feels.
(2) The more, the better.
(3) He becomes fatter and fatter.
(4) I believe our country will become more and more beautiful.
23. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
be/get used to doing sth. 习惯做某事
be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
【典型例题】
He used to get up late, but now he is used to getting up early.
24. Why not do sth.?=Why don’t you do sth.? 你为什么不…？
【典型例题】
It’s very hot in the room. Why don’t you take off your coat?
25. find it +adj. +to do sth. 发现做某事…
【典型例题】
I find it difficult to communicate with him.
26. as soon as 一…就…
引导时间状语从句，主句是一般将来时，从句只能用一般现在时。
【典型例题】
I will call you as soon as he comes here.
26. not …at all=not …in the slightest 根本不，一点也不
【典型例题】
He doesn’t like math at all.
27. no longer=not …any longer 不再
no more =not… any more 不再
【典型例题】
He no longer lives in Xingyi.
=He doesn’t live in Xingyi any longer.
28. give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb.
pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb.
show sb. sth.= show sth. to sb.
bring sb. sth.= bring sth. to sb
buy sb. sth.=buy sth for sb.
lend sb. sth=lend sth to sb.
29. I think … 我认为 …
对某人或某事的看法或态度是否一致，其否定句型是：I don’t think …
【典型例题】
(1) I think you’re wrong.
(2) I don’t think you are right.
(3) I don’t think he must be in the room, isn’t he?
30. encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
【典型例题】
My English teacher always encourages me to study all the subjects.
31. There be +某物+介词短语 “某地/时有某物”
这一句型用就近的原则，将来时为There will be…或There is going to be …
【典型例题】
(1) There is a pen and two books on the desk.
(2) There are two books and a pen on the desk.
(3) There will be a football game between Class One and Class Two this afternoon.
32. be bad/ good for ... 对…有好处/害处
【典型例题】
(1) Don’t read in the sun. It’s bad for your eyes.
(2) Eating more vegetables is good for your health.
33. be afraid of (doing) sth. 害怕（做）某事
be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事
【典型例题】
(1) He is afraid of snakes.
(2) I’m afraid I can’t come to your party.
(3) Jim is afraid of speaking in public.
=Jim is afraid to speak in public.
34. hope/wish to do sth. 希望做某事
wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
注意：hope不能跟宾语补足语。
【典型例题】
(1) I wish you success.
(2) I wish you to have a good time.
(3) I hope you all have a good time.
(4) I hope/wish to visit Taiwan some day.
35. do/try one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大的努力去做某事
【典型例题】
We should do/try our best to protect our environment.
36. like/enjoy/love doing sth. 喜欢做某事
be fond of doing sth. 喜欢做某事
consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
practice doing sth. 练习做某事
finish doing sth. 做完某事
【典型例题】
(1)He likes/enjoys/love swimming very much.
(2) Jim is fond of playing soccer.
37. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
【典型例题】
(1) My classmate Li Ping often helps me with my homework.
(2) He often helps the farmers (to) pick apples.
38. Let sb. (not) do sth. 让某人（不要）做某事
【典型例题】
(1) Let him not smoke here.
(2) Let’s go swimming, shall we?
39. make sb. do sth. 迫使某人做某事
make sb. +adj./n. 使某人/物…
make sb. sth. =make sth. for sb. 为某人制作某物
【典型例题】
(1) The boss makes the workers work 12 hours a day.
(2) His mother made him a cake yesterday.
=His mother made a cake for him yesterday.
40. allow doing sth. 允许做某事
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事
【典型例题】
(1) They allowed smoking in this room only.
(2) Please allow me to carry your bag.
(3) I think students should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
【基础巩固 课堂练习】
第二步学习目标：能用已学基本知识解决以下问题。
I. 用所给词的正确形式填空。
1. It is time for us _______(start) our journey.
2. It took me forty minutes _______(finish) cleaning the classroom yesterday.
3. You’d better _______(not pollute) the river right now.
4. The book is well worth _______(read).
5. What about _______(cancel) the meeting this afternoon?
6. Could you please ______(send) me an e-mail after you make your decision?
7. Though it was raining heavily, yet they didn’t stop ______(take) a break.
8. Lei Feng was fond of ______(help) others at that time.
9. Teenagers are not allowed _______(go) out alone.
10. Don’t let the kid ______(come) into my office, will you?
II. 单项选择。
( ) 11. It is necessary for us ______English well.
A. study B. learn C. to learn D. practice
( ) 12. She doesn’t know _______.
A. whose is that pen
B. what’s wrong with her mother
C. where should she go for a visit
D. when will her father come back home
( ) 13. It______ that the boy doesn’t like English at all.
A. seems B. sounds C. smells D. feels
( ) 14. The dictionary is _______that one. That dictionary is thicker.
A. as thin as B. as thick as C. not so thick as D. not as thinner as
( ) 15. --Would you like ______with me this evening? ---It’s a good movie.
A. going swimming B. going to the movie C. to go swimming D. to go to the movie
( ) 16. ____ you and Lucy have to go to Paris together. This is an order.
A. Either B. Neither C. Between D. Both
( ) 17. Tom didn’t go home ______ it was getting dark.
A. till B. until C. because D. since
( ) 18. There are _____many books for me to choose that I don’t know which one to take.
A. so B. too C. such D. very
( ) 19. _______finish the work on time, they have to work day and night.
A. In order to B. So as to
C. So that D. In order that
( ) 20. Study hard, _____you will pass the exam easily.
A. and B. or C. if D. /
( ) 21. --It’s cold outside. Would you mind _____the window? --No. I will do it at once.
A. open B. close C. opening D. closing
( ) 22. Could you please teach _____English, Miss Grace?
A. our B. my C. us D. they
( ) 23. He is one of the best students who ______a chance to go abroad this summer.
A. gets B. has C. have D. gains
( ) 24. Mr. Smith has two lovely daughters. One is Helen, and ______ is Lucy.
A. another B. other C. the other D. others
( ) 25. The more you listen to English, ______your English will be.
A. the harder B. the better
C. more easier D. more better
( ) 26. My grandpa ______go for a walk in the park, but now he is too old to walk.
A. is used to B. gets used to
C. used to D. was used to
( ) 27. Why ______in your homework on time? It’s too late.
A. not you hand B. don’t hand
C. not to hand D. don’t you hand
( ) 28. I found ______hard for me to get used to the life there at first.
A. one B. it C. that D. this
( ) 29. She will call me up ______ she gets to Shanghai.
A. as soon as B. until C. unless D. because
( ) 30. –How do you like math, Jim?
–To be honest, I don’t like it ______.
A. in the slightest B. in all
C. after all D. at most
( ) 31. He is _____ an English teacher now.
A. not any longer B. no longer
C. not any more D. not any more
( ) 32. ---Can you buy a flower ____ me, please? --–No problem.
A. to B. on C. for D. with
( ) 33. I don’t think you are wrong, ______?
A. do I B. don’t I C. are you D. aren’t you
( ) 34. My English teacher often encourages us _______learning English.
A. to give up B. to insist on
C. don’t give up D. insisting on
( ) 35. There _____ five people in the meeting room last night.
A. are B. is C. was D. were
( ) 36. Smoking ______your health. So please give it up.
A. is good for B. does harm to
C. was bad for D. was harmful to
( ) 37. My head teacher is very cruel. I am _____ to see her.
A. happy B. glad C. afraid D. surprised
( ) 38. I ____you to give him a hand because he needs your help.
A. hope B. wish C. think D. hate
( ) 39. Don’t worry. We will try our best ______ your grandma.
A. saving B. to save
C. give up D. to give up
( ) 40. I am busy right now, so I can’t help _____the work for you.
A. doing B. finishing C. do D. does
【质量标准控制 考试满分过关】
以上40小题中，做错的题目有：
____________________________________；
解决日期是：________________________；
解决途径：__________________________；
感谢恩人：__________________________.
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