专项训练六 中考句型转换专题突破
【考点一】同义句
同义句转换题是近几年中考英语的一个常考题型。做好同义句的关键是牢记同义词、同义词组及同义句型，句式上意思一致，时态一致，语法一致。通过对近几年的中考英语试题中同义句转换题的分析，我们发现中考英语同义句转换题主要考查以下几个方面：
一、运用同义词(组)进行转换
用同义词或同义词组对原句中的某些词或词组进行替换，注意转换后的词或词组的词形变化要与句子其他成分相适应。如：
1. That day we could see flowers here and there.
That day we could see flowers _______.
分析：答案为everywhere。everywhere与here and there都表示“到处”。
2. The teacher always takes good care of the children in the school.
The teacher always _______ _______ the children well in the school.
分析：答案为looks after. take good care of 与look after…well都表示“好好照顾”。
3. Some of us are good at telling stories.
Some of us ________ ________ in telling stories.
分析：答案为do well。be good at与do well in都可表示“在…(方面)做得好或擅长于”。
二、运用反义词(组)的否定式进行转换
即用反义词或词组的否定式表达与原句相同的意思，主要考查学生对反义词、词组的积累和换位思维的能力。如：
1. It’s clear that this visit is different from last time.
It’s clear that this visit is not the ______ ______ last time.
分析：答案为same as。be different from 意为“与…不同”；the same as意为“与…相同”，其否定式与be different from 同义。
2. I think wealth is less important than health.
I _______ think wealth is _______ important than health.
分析：答案为don’t, more。less important的意思是“没有(不及)…重要”；more important的意思是“(比)…更重要”，该结构与not连用，则表示“不比…更重要”。
另外，有的反义词即使不与否定词连用，而只需改变句子结构也可构成同义句。如：
He lent some money to his friend.
His friend ____ some money ____ him.
分析：答案为borrowed, from。borrow…from意为“向…借…”；lend…to意为“把…借给…”。两个结构意思相反，但若变换“借出者”与“借入者”的位置，则可转换为同义句。
三、运用不同语态进行转换
即运用主动语态与被动语态的变化来转换同义句，但此时要特别注意时态、情态动词的一致性。如：
1. Everyone should give back his library books on time.
Library books should _____ _____ _____ on time.
分析：答案为be given back。被动句中含有情态动词should，因此助动词用be。
2. It is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today.
Computers ________ widely ________ in the world today.
分析：答案为are, used。computers是复数名词，助动词用are。
四、非持续性动词与持续性动词的相互转换
即非持续性动词与持续性动词进行转换，此时往往会涉及时态的变化。如：
1. The manager left two hours ago.
The manager ____ ___ ___ for two hours.
分析：答案为 has been away。leave为非持续性动词，不能与for two hours连用，须改为be away.
2. The film began five minutes ago.
The film has _____ ____ ____ five minutes.
分析：答案为been on for. five minutes表示一段时间，故第三空填for. begin是非持续性动词，与for, since等连用，须改为be on. 故此题答案为been on for.
3. Mr. Li joined the Party twenty years ago.
Mr. Li _______ _______ _______ the Party for twenty years.
分析：答案为has been in。短暂动词join，意为“参加，加入(组织，政党)”，不能与延续时间状语连用，与延续性时间状语连用时，将join 改成be in 或be a member of…
五、运用不同引语进行转换
即将直接引语变为间接引语或将间接引语转换成直接引语。此时还要注意相关时态、人称、动词、状语等要作相应变化。如：
1. “I’ve found my wallet,” he said to me.
He ________ me that he ______ ______ his wallet.
分析：答案为told, had found. 此题为将直接引语转换成间接引语。
2. “Did you see her last week?” he said.
He ____ ____ I had seen her the week ___.
分析：答案为asked, if / whether, before。此题是将疑问句的直接引语转换成间接引语。
3. He asked me where I had been these days.
“Where ______ ______ ______ these days?” he asked.
分析：答案为have you been. 此题是将间接引语转换成直接引语。
六、运用简单句与复合句之间的转换
即将简单句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的简单句。如：
1. We didn't go out for a walk because it was raining.
We didn't go out for a walk _______ _______ the rain.
分析：答案为because of。将原因状语从句because it was raining改为表示原因的介词短语 because of the rain。
2. He was so excited that he couldn't go to sleep.
He was _______ _______ _______ go to sleep.
分析：答案为too excited to。将so…that…换成too…to…结构，原句的that从句为结果状语从句，改写后句中的不定式仍表结果。
3. Now I will show you how to do the work.
Now I will show you ______ _______ _______ do the work.
分析：答案为how you can。即将原句中的“疑问词+不定式”结构转换成宾语从句。
4. You should put them back after you use them.
You should put them back _______ _______ them.
分析：答案为after using。即将after引导的状语从句改写为after引导的介词短语。
5. She seems to be worried now.
_____ _____ that she _____worried now.
分析：答案为It, seems, is。复合句 It seems / seemed that sb…与简单句sb. seems / seemed to …同义，均表示“某人看起来…”。
七、运用并列句与复合句之间的转换
即将并列句变成同义的复合句或将复合句变成同义的并列句。如：
1. Come on, or we’ll miss the early bus.
_______ we _______ hurry, we’ll miss the early bus.
分析：答案为 If, don’ t. if 引导条件状语从句。
2. The man gave us a talk last week. Now he will give us another talk this week.
The man ______ gave us a talk last week _____ _____ us another talk this week.
分析：答案为who /that, will give。who/ that gave us a talk last week为定语从句，修饰先行词the man.
八、运用关联连词连接或合并句子
即运用关联连词both...and，neither... nor，either...or， not only...but also等将两个简单句合并为一个简单句。此时要注意的是，both…and…连接两个主语时，谓语总是用复数，而neither... nor，either...or，not only... but also连接两个主语时，谓语动词通常应与靠近的主语保持一致。如：
1. Tom can’t speak Japanese well and Jim can’t, either.
______ Tom ______ Jim can speak Japanese well.
分析：答案填Neither, nor。neither…nor…表示“…和…(两者)都不”，刚好与原句的两个否定结构的意思相吻合。
2. Alice has read the book and Peter has read it, too.
____ Alice ____ Peter have read the book.
分析：答案为Both, and。both…and…的意思是“…和…(两者)都”。
3. This store sells men’s shoes, and it also sells men’s clothes.
This store sells ______ ______ men’s shoes _____ _____ men’s clothes.
分析：答案为not, only, but, also。表示“不仅……而且……”之意。
九、利用某些典型句式或结构进行转换
这类典型结构如so…that…, too…to…, enough to, not…until…, so do I等。如：
1. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too.
Jim wants to go boating, and ________ ________ his parents.
分析：答案为so do。句意为“…他的父母也一样(想去)”。
2. John went to bed after he finished his homework.
John____ go to bed ___ he finished his homework.
分析：答案为didn’t, until. not…until意为“直到…才…”。
十、利用同义句式或结构进行转换
1. How about +doing sth.？=What about +doing sth. ? 做某事怎么样？
2. Why don’t do sth. =Why not do sth. ? 你为什么不做某事呢？
3. How do you like …? =What do you think of …? 你认为…怎么样？
4. What’s wrong with …?= What’s the matter /trouble /problem with …? …怎么样？
5. What’s the weather like …?= How’s the weather …? …的天气怎么样？
6. It’s time for sth. =It’s time to do sth. 是做某事的时间了。
【考点二】其它句型转换
句型转换除了对同义句进行考查外，还包括否定句、一般疑问句、选择疑问句、划线部分提问、反义疑问句等改法的掌握程度。
【解题技巧】
一、改为否定句。
变否定句要注意，有be动词、情态动词及will, have, had等助动词的句子直接加not; 其余情况加do(es)n’t/didn’t，谓语动词一律用原形。some, too, already等也要作相应变化。
例7：He did some work this morning. （改成否定句）（2010 四川自贡）
He _________do _________work this morning.
【答案】didn’t any
二、改为一般疑问句。
改一般疑问句需注意两种情况：有be动词、情态动词及助动词will, have, had等助动词时，直接把它们提前，其余照抄，末尾问号; 其余情况需加助动词do/does/did, 谓语动词须还原。句中有some, too, already时，也需要作相应的变化。
例4：Peter often helps in the house at the weekend.（改为一般疑问句）（2010 上海）
_____Peter often ______in the house at the weekend?
【答案】Does help
三、改为选择疑问句
做好选择疑问句的关键是学会用or连接两个选择的成分。
例6：My pen pal is from America.(用Japan改为选择疑问句) （2010 广西定西）
Is your pen pal is from America________ _________?
【答案】or Japan
四、对划线部分提问。
做好这部分题的关键是用对疑问词，然后把剩余部分改为一般疑问句。
例3：We used to stay in a hotel by the sea on family holidays.（对划线部分提问）（2010 上海）
________ _______you use to stay on family holidays?
【答案】 Where did
五、改为反义疑问句
做好反义疑问句的秘诀在于牢记“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则。表示否定的词主要有：few, little, no, nobody, nothing, never等。
祈使句的反义疑问句通常是：will you? 但let’s开头的，用shall we?; 但Let us开头的用 will you?
例5: Your mother has never tried shopping on the Internet.（改为反义疑问句）（2010 上海）
Your mother has never tried shopping on the Internet, _________ _________?
【答案】has she
【链接中考 轻松备考】
1. I am surprised to find great changes have taken place in China.(改为同义句) 【2011乌鲁木齐】
______ my ______,I find great changes have taken place in China.
2. Let’s go and help the old man to cross the road.(改为反义疑问句)
Let’s go and help the old man to cross the road, _____ ______?
3. Many visitors will come to our city in July .(对划线部分提问) 【2011重庆江津】
many visitors come to our city?
4. They had an English party last Sunday. (改为否定句) 【2011安顺】
They ____ ____ an English party last Sunday.
5. Are there any new markets in Asia? The sales manager wants to know.(合并为一句) 【2011上海】
The sales manager wants to know _____ there _____ some new markets in Asia.
6. You should finish the work at the end of the week. (改为被动语态) 【2011山东临沂】
The work should _____ _____ at the end of the week.
7. The woman teacher asked the students “ Can you understand what I am saying?”（改为间接引语）【2011兰州】
The woman teacher asked the students _____ ______ could understand what she was saying.
8. 请等待我们的好消息。（完成译句）【2011重庆】
Please ______ ______ our good news!
9.To plant trees every year is necessary for us. (同义句改写) 【2011连云港】
_____ ______ for us to plant trees every year.
10. Jerry does morning exercises every day. （改为一般疑问句）【2011黔西南】
________Jerry ________morning exercise every day?
11. My son is too young to join the army. 【2011乌鲁木齐】（改为同义句）
My son isn't _______ ______ to join the army.
12. Tommy usually walks to school every morning. 【2011重庆江津】（改为同义句）
Tommy usually goes to school _____ ______ every morning.
13. I spend half an hour doing morning exercises every day. 【2011重庆】（改为同义句）
It _______ me half an hour to _______ morning exercises every day.
14. Shall we have a picnic at the weekend? 【2011四川乐山】（改为同义句）
________ ________ having a picnic at the weekend?
15. They kept on talking until the teacher came in. 【2011四川乐山】（改为同义句）
They didn’t ______ ______ until the teacher came in.
16. Should I arrive on time or a little later if someone invites me to dinner? 【2011安顺】（改为同义句）
Am I ____ ____ arrive on time or a little later if someone invites me to dinner?
17. We shouldn't talk loudly in the theater. We shouldn't smoke there, either.(保持句意不变) 【2011上海】（改为同义句）
We should _____ talk loudly _____ smoke in the theater.
【同义句转换集中练】
1. My father mended my bike yesterday.
My father _______ my bike yesterday.
2. I would like to buy some English books on Sunday．
I _______ to buy some English books on Sunday．
3. We enjoyed ourselves in the park．
We ______ _____ _____ _____ in the park．
4. My aunt returned on a Friday afternoon．
My aunt _____ _____ on a Friday afternoon.
5. It's time for class．
It's time _______ _______ classes.
6. It took them three hours to do the work.
They _____ three hours _____ the work.
7. They often go to school at five thirty.
They often go to school at ____ ___ ____.
8. Tom studies the hardest in our class．
Tom studies ______ than ______ ______ _____ in our class.
9. He isn't so tall as you.
You're _______ _______ he.
10. We usually go to work by subway.
We usually _____ ______ ______ to work.
11. They go to school on foot.
They _______ to their school.
12. How can I get to the People's Park？
_____ ____ ____ ____ to the People's Park？
13. Go along and take the second turning on the left.
Walk down and turn _______ _______ _______ _______ ______.
14. How is the weather today？
_______ is the weather _______ today？
15. The rain will be heavy tomorrow.
It will _______ _______ tomorrow.
There will be _______ _______ _______ tomorrow．
16. How far is it from here to Beijing？
_____ _____ _____ _____ it is from here to Beijing！
17. What a clever boy he is！
_______ _______ the boy is！
18. He is too young to join the army．
He is _____ _____ _____ to join the army．
19. The box is so heavy that we can't carry it upstairs．
The box is ________ ________ ________ ________ to carry upstairs．
20. The man is so old that he can't walk very fast．
The man is _______ _______ _______ _______ very fast.
21. They don't know what they should do next．
They don't know ______ ______ _______ next.
22. He joined the army two years ago.
_______ _______ about two years ________ he joined the army.
23. When he was 12 years old，he began to work for a boss.
________ ________ ________ ________ 12，he began to work for a boss.
24. They are building a new bridge over the river．
A new bridge _____ ______ _______ over the river.
25. We all know him.
He ________ ________ ________ us all.
26. I saw he was reading a newspaper over there.
I saw ______ ______ a newspaper over there.
27. Hurry up，or we will be late.
_____ _______ ________ ________，we will be late.
28. If you ask her again，she will tell you about it.
_______ _______ _______ , _______ she will tell you about it.
29. She is fond of playing basketball after school.
She ______ _______ basketball after school.
30. What do you think of the Forbidden City?
_______ do you ______ the Forbidden City?
31. How about going swimming this afternoon?
_______ _______ going swimming this afternoon?
32. What can I do for you?
_______ I _______ you?
【句型转换模拟演练】
1. There are some young sheep on the farm. (改为单数句)
There is ______ young______ on the farm.
2. He went to school at seven yesterday. (改为一般疑问句)
_____ he _____ to school at seven yesterday?
3. Both of the dancers are very popular in the USA. (改为否定句)
_______of the dancers ______ very popular in the USA..
4. Tom speaks little Spanish (改为反义疑问句)
Tom speaks little Spanish, _______ _________?
5. The bookstore near the shop is very big. (对划线部分提问)
______ _______ is very big?
6. It's raining very heavily. (改为感叹句)
______ ________it is raining!
7. They have killed their cow. (改为被动语态)
Their cow has ______ ________by them.
8. The woman is a doctor.（改为复数句）
The ______ are all ________.
9. There are some old cars in front of the house.（改为单数句）
There______ an old ______ in front of the house.
10. She has a new dictionary.（改为复数句）
_______ have new ________.
11. Are these your English-Chinese dictionaries?（改为单数句）
______ this your English-Chinese ______?
12. Mr. Green taught them English last year.（改为一般疑问句）
_______ Mr. Green _______ them English last year?
13. The foreign visitor comes from the USA.（用Canada完成选择疑问句）
______ the foreign visitor come from the USA ______ _______?
14. Tony has lunch at school every day. (改为一般疑问句)
____ Tony ______ lunch at school every day?
15. That T-shirt cost him forty yuan. (改一般疑问句)
_________ that T-shirt __________ him forty yuan?
16. Don't you think her voice is too loud? (肯定回答)
_____, I ______.
17. You've never been to the Great Wall of China before, _______ ______? (反义疑问句)
18. They came here together last night, _______ ______?(反义疑问句)
19. There're over ten monkeys on the hill, _______ ______? (反义疑问句)
20. Paul could hardly do the work by himself, _______ ______?(反义疑问句)
专项训练六 句型转换专题突破答案
【链接中考 轻松备考】
1. To, surprise 2. shall we 3. When will
4. didn’t have 5. whether/if are 6. be finished
7. if/ whether they 8. wait for 9. It’s necessary
10. Does do 11. old enough 12. on foot 13. took, do 14. What/How about 15. stop talking 16. supposed to 17. neither, nor
【同义句转换集中练】
1. repaired 2. want 3. had a good time 4. came back 5. to have/begin 6. spent, doing 7. half past five 8. harder, any other student/one 9. taller than 10. take the subway 11. walk 12. Which is the way 13. left at the second crossing/turning 14. What, like 15. rain heavily; a heavy rain 16. What a long way/distance 17. How clever 18. not old enough 19. too heavy for us 20. too old to walk 21. what to do 22. It is, since 23. At the age of 24. is being built 25. is known to 26. him reading 27. If we don’t hurry 28. Ask her again, and 29. enjoys/likes playing 30. How, like 31. What about 32. May/Can, help
【句型转换模拟演练】
1. a; sheep 2. Did; go 3. Neither ; is 4. does he 5. Which bookstore 6. How heavily 7. been killed 8. women doctors 9. is; car 10. They; dictionaries 11. Is; dictionary 12. Did; teach 13. Does; or Canada 14. Does; have 15. Did; cost 16. Yes, do. 17. have you 18. didn’t they 19. aren’t there 20. could he
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