在毕业生们迈出象牙塔之时，他们应该听从哪些人的建议？在走向独立和自主的伟大征程中，他们该吸取哪些教训？听一听各领域成功者们的建议或许不错，这些人是富有远见的商业领导者，他们从无到有建立起自己的帝国，并都跻身世界最富有的人之列。以下是历年来多位亿万富豪在毕业典礼上所做演讲的节选，我们从中提取出了可供应届毕业生采纳的建议：
史蒂夫·乔布斯：
把每一天都当成生命中的最后一天
在我17岁的时候，我读到了一句箴言，差不多是这样的：“如果你把每一天都当做生命中的最后一天去过的话，那么终有一天你会发现自己是正确的。”这句话给我留下了深刻的印象，从那时算起的33年以来，我每天早晨都会对着镜子问自己：“如果今天是我生命中的最后一天，我还会做自己今天即将要做的事吗？”当答案连续多次都是“不”时，我就知道自己需要做些改变了。
——斯坦福大学，2005年
比尔·盖茨：你的能力越大，
人们对你的期望也就越大
我的母亲在我被哈佛大学录取的那天曾经感到非常骄傲，她从没有停止督促我去为他人做更多的事情。在我结婚的前几天，她主持了一个新娘进我家的仪式。在这个仪式上，她高声朗读了一封关于婚姻的信，这是她写给梅琳达的。那时，我的母亲已经因为癌症病入膏肓，但是她还是认为这是又一个传播自己信念的机会。在那封信的结尾，她写道：“你的能力越大，人们对你的期望也就越大。”
——哈佛大学，2007年
奥普拉·温弗瑞：
我们所有人时不时都需要化化妆
人们喜欢化妆，因为实际的效果总是令人惊叹。但我之所以喜欢这样做，是因为化妆提供的可能性超越了仅仅改变人们的面貌，你可能会想去改变人们对他们自己的看法。在生活中，我们所有人时不时都需要化化妆。同学们，我清楚这一点，如果你们能看到改变自己人生的可能性，如果你们能看到自己可以成为怎样的人而不是原本的面貌，那么你们将获得巨大的成功。
——杜克大学，2009年
迈克尔·戴尔：
永远不要当房间里最聪明的那个人
永远不要尝试成为房间里最聪明的那个人，如果你是的话，我建议你请来一位更聪明的……或者自己换个不同的房间。在职场中，这叫做人际关系。在组织中，这叫做队伍建设。在生活中，这被称为家庭、朋友和圈子。
——得克萨斯大学，2003年
迈克尔·布隆伯格：
保持乐观，别消沉太久
我离开学校后在华尔街找到了第一份工作，我一直在那儿工作了15年。那是一段不错的历程，有快乐的时光，也有很多老板们对我的称赞。每个人都喜欢我，直到他们炒我鱿鱼的那天！不过，我仍然保持着乐观，因为幸福对我来说一直是走出去以及尝试战胜种种困难。所以，在被解雇后的第二天——真的就是第二天——我创办了一家新的公司。
——塔夫斯大学，2007年
马克·扎克伯格：如果你喜欢自己做的事，事情会容易很多
当你回家吃饭时，盘子里是最难吃的蔬菜，如果你愿意可以勉强自己吃下去。但如果你是玩游戏，即使非常难，只要自己喜欢，你也会努力通关。如果你喜欢自己做的事，事情会容易很多，而你也将拥有更大的决心。
——加州门罗公园贝拉港社区学校，2011年
史蒂夫·鲍尔默：
不要激情，要有韧性
如果你考察一下我们这个行业的那些创业公司，你会发现它们大多数都失败了。如果你再考察一下那些获得成功的公司，比如微软、苹果、谷歌以及Facebook，凡是你能叫出名字的，它们都经历过困难时期。你取得了一些成功，你也撞了几回南墙，你为新的点子和创新尝试新的途径，但未能成功，这时候决定事业成败的就是，你有多顽强，你有多大的控制力，你有多乐观以及你有多少韧性。
——南加州大学，2011年
埃里克·施密特：
不要刻意制订计划
不要刻意制订计划，那些有关计划的东西，你们可以扔掉了。在我看来，一切都关乎机遇和争取到自己的运气。如果你观察那些最成功的人士，你会发现，他们工作努力并充分利用了机遇，但他们并不知道哪些机遇会降临到自己头上。你无法为创新制订计划，你也无法为发明制订计划。你所能做的就是，尽自己最大的努力待在正确的地方，并随准备着。
——卡内基-梅隆大学，2009年
埃里·布罗德：
胆小成不了大事
从没有一个人是靠着小心翼翼、羞怯或讲道理赚到百万美元财富的。在我产生放弃注册会计师的职业生涯而成为住房建筑商的疯狂念头时，我才22岁并刚刚结婚，并且对建筑一窍不通。但有时候，最疯狂的想法能够带来最丰厚的回报。1953年，我冒险开始建造不带地下室的住宅楼——这在中西部是史无前例的——因为这种住宅的月供要比大多数人所付的房租低。
——加州大学洛杉矶分校艺术和建筑学院，2006年
雷德·霍夫曼：
逆势而动，做正确的事
始终进行创造性和大胆的思考，你在哪里可以看到一个巨大的机会？你觉得哪些事物将发生变化？你能看到哪些别人看不到的东西？成为一名成功的企业家，部分诀窍在于逆势而动并且做正确的事。这两者特别重要，因为如果大家都看到没有市场机会，那你逆势而为就不存在阻碍，但接着你必须确保自己的判断是正确的。
——加州大学伯克利分校信息技术学院，2011年
卡尔·伊坎：独立思考
当你们踏入社会，你们要成为两种人中的一种，你们要成为自己独立思考的人，我认为这个世界和我们的公司正在为此等待。一些公司管理者真的能够做到这一点，他们富有创新性，能够反潮流而动……你们应该试着对抗潮流，即使这可能会让你们失去工作或者晋升的机会。但最终，你还是要独立思考，勇于创新。
——德雷克塞尔大学商学院，2008年
史蒂夫·凯斯：你周围的人很重要
无论你做的是什么工作，你取得成功的能力在很大程度上取决于你跟他人合作的能力。事实上，不管配偶、朋友还是同事，他们将成为你人生轨迹的决定性因素。因此，不要只关注职位的工作说明，或是你所加入的品牌或组织本身，你还要关心自己将为谁工作以及跟谁一起工作。
12 pieces of advice to graduates billionaires
Taken in graduates ivory tower, they should listen to the advice? In the great journey toward independence and autonomy, they should learn what lessons? Listen to the success in various fields to their advice may be good, these people are visionary business leaders, they have established their own empire, and have become one of the world 's wealthiest men. The following is an excerpt over the years many billionaires in the commencement speech, we can supply graduates suggestion extracted from:
Steve Jobs.
If you live each day as if the last day of life
When I was 17, I read a quote, like this: " if you live each day as the last day of life to it, then one day you'll find out he is right. " This sentence impressed me, since then 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: "If today is the last day of my life, I will do something about to do today? " When the answer is "no " many times in a row, I know I need to change something.
-- Stanford University, 2005
Bill Gate: your ability more,
People expect of you more
My mother on the day I was admitted by Harvard University was very proud, she never stopped pressing me to do more for others. A few days before my wedding, she hosted a bride into the house ceremony. In this ceremony, she read aloud a letter about marriage that she had written to Melinda. At that time, my mother was regarded as hopeless. Because of cancer, but she saw one more opportunity to deliver her message. She wrote at the end, the letter: " much is expected of you, the more. "
-- Harvard University, 2007
Oprah winfrey:
All of us at one time or another have make-up
People like makeup, because the actual effect is always amazing. But I like doing, because the possibility of makeup provides go beyond just change the appearance of people, you might want to change the way people think about their own. In life, we all need to make-up from time to time. The classmates, I know this, if you can see the possibility of changing your life, if you can see yourself can become what people instead of the original appearance, then you will achieve a great success.
-- Duke University, 2009
Michael Dale.
Don't ever be the smartest person in the room.
Never try to be the smartest person in the room, if you are, I suggest you call in a smarter ... ... Or find a different room. In the workplace, this is called interpersonal relationship. In the organization, which is called the team construction. In life, which is called family, friends and community.
-- the University of Texas, 2003
Michael bloomberg:
Keep optimistic, don't be depressed for too long
I left school to find the first job in Wall Street, I've been working there for 15 years. It was a good experience, have a happy time, also have a lot of praise from my bosses. Everyone likes me, till the day that they fired me! However, I still keep optimistic, because happiness for me is to go out and try to overcome all kinds of difficulties. So, in the very next day was fired after -- is really the very next day -- I founded a new company.
-- Tufts University, 2007
Mark Zuckerberg: if you love what you do, things would be a lot easier
When you go home to have a meal, the dish is the most difficult to eat vegetables, if you want to make yourself eat. But if you are playing the game, even if very difficult, as long as you like, you will strive to customs clearance. If you love what you do, things would be much easier, and you will have a greater determination.
California -- Monroe Bella Hong Kong Park community school, 2011
Steve Ballmer:
Don't have passion, toughness
If you look at the Venture Company, we in this industry, you'll find out most of them failed. If you look at the companies that succeed, such as apple, Google, Microsoft and Facebook, whatever you name it, they have experienced a difficult period. You have achieved some success, you run into some walls, your new ideas and innovation to try new ways, but failed, then decide the success or failure of the business is, you are strong, you have much control, you have more optimistic and how much you have toughness.
-- University of Southern California, 2011
Eric Schmidt.
Do not deliberately plan
Do not deliberately plan, the plan of things, you can throw away. In my opinion, all about opportunity and make your own luck. If you look at the most successful people, you'll find out, they work hard and make full use of opportunities, but they do not know what opportunities will come into his head. You can't plan for innovation, you cannot plan for invention. What you can do, try their best to be in the right place, and with the ready.
-- Carnegie - Mellon University, 2009
Eli Blood.
Timid you
Since no one is against the with great care, shyness or speak the truth to earn millions of dollars of wealth. I have to give up the CPA occupation career and become a housing developers crazy idea, I was 22 years old and just married, and to be utterly ignorant of the building. But sometimes, the most crazy idea can bring the most lucrative returns. In 1953, I started to build without basement adventure residential building -- this is because there was no parallel in history. In the Midwest -- this house for the month than most people pay the rent low.
-- University of California at Los Angeles art and Architecture College, 2006
Reid Hoffman.
Bucking the trend, do the right thing.
Always think creatively and boldly, you can see a great opportunity in where? What do you think things will change? You can see what others cannot see things? To be a successful entrepreneur, part of the trick is contrarian and to do the right thing. It is particularly important, because if you see no market opportunities, you contrarian there is no hindrance, but then you must ensure that your judgment is correct.
-- Information Technology College of University of California at Berkeley, 2011
Karl Icahn: independent thinking
When you step into society, you will be in one of two groups, you will become their own independent thinking, I think the world and our corporation are waiting for. Some managers are able to do this, they are innovative, able to reverse the tide ... ... You should try to fight the trend, even though it may make you lose their job or promotion opportunities. But in the end, you still have to independent thinking, innovation.
-- Searl University Business School Drake, 2008
Steve Keith : people around you is very important
No matter what you do, your ability to succeed largely depends on your ability to work with people. In fact, whether the spouse, friend or colleague, they will become a decisive factor in your life path. Therefore, not only focus on the job descriptions, or you join the brand or the organization itself, you have to care about their job and who will and who work together.
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