| A. PREFIXES 前缀 | ||
| Prefix 前缀 | Meaning 代表 | Example 例词 |
| a- | not | amoral 不道德，atypical 不典型，amorphous 无定形 |
| ab- | away from | abnormal 异常，abrupt 突然，abstain 弃权 |
| ante- | before, in front of | anteroom 接待室，antecedent 先行，antedate 先期 |
| anti- | against, opposite | antidote 解毒剂，antipathy 反感，antiseptic 防腐剂 |
| arch- | chief, prime | archbishop 大主教， archangel 天使长， archenemy 头号敌人 |
| bene- | well | benefactor 恩人，benefit 效益， benevolent 仁 |
| bi- | two | bisect 对开，bifocal 双光焦，bigamy 重婚 |
| circum- | around, on all sides | circumvent 所有方面，circumscribe 限定、周围画线， circumnavigate 绕过、规避 |
| con- | with | conversation 交谈，confound 混淆，convoy 车队 |
| col- | with | collage 拼贴，collateral 附带、抵押， collapse 崩溃 |
| cor- | with | correlate 相关，correspond 对应，correct 正确的 |
| co- | with | co-worker 合作者, co-exist 共存, co-author 共同作者 |
| contra- | against, opposite | contradict 矛盾，contraband 违禁品，contravene 违反 |
| de- | not, away from, down from | descend 下降，deflate 紧缩，deviate 偏离 |
| dis- | apart, away, not | distrust 不信任，disinterested 无私，disorder 混乱 |
| ex-, e- | out from, former | exit 退出， excavate 挖掘，ex-governor 前州长，egress 出口 |
| extra- | outside, beyond | extraordinary 非凡，extrasensory 超感觉的，extravagant 奢侈 |
| in- | into, not | inhale 吸入，inept 不称职的，innocent 无辜的 |
| im- | into, not | imbalance 不平衡的，immoral 不道德的， impel 促使 |
| il- | into, not | illiterate 文盲，illegal 非法的，illegible 难以辨认 |
| ir- | into, not | irregular 不正常的，irresponsible 不负责任的，irresolute 犹豫不决 |
| inter- | between, at intervals | intersperse 点缀， intermittent 间歇性，intervene 干预 |
| intra- | within | intracellular 细胞内的 |
| mal- | ill, badly, bad, wrong | malfunction, 故障，malnutrition 营养不良， malevolent 恶意 |
| mis- | not, wrong, wrongly, | misunderstanding 误解，misuse 误用，mistrust 不信任 |
| non- | not | nonexistent 不存在，nonpaymen 不付款，nonconformist 不妥协 |
| peri- | around, about, enclosing | perimeter 周长， periscope 潜望镜，periphery 周边 |
| post- | behind, after | posterity 子孙 posthumous 死后，postscript 附言 |
| pre- | before, earlier, in front of | preconceive 预感， premonition 前线， predict 预测 |
| pro- | forward, before | propulsion 推进， prologue 开场白，project 项目 |
| re- | back, again | reappear 重新出现，recapture 再次抓到，reclaim 回收 |
| retro- | backwards | retrospect 回顾， retroactive 追溯，retroflex 卷舌音 |
| se- | aside, apart | seclusion 隔离、隐居，secede 分裂，seduce 引诱 |
| semi- | half, partly | semiannual 半年，semicircle 半圆，semiprecious 次贵重的 |
| sub- | under, below | submarine 潜艇，subnormal 次正常， submerge 淹没 |
| super- | over, above, extra | superimpose 额外叠加，supernatural 超自然的，superfluous 多余的 |
| syn-, sym- | together with | synchronize 同步，synthesis 合成，sympathy 同情 |
| trans- | across, over, through, beyond | transition 过渡，transcend 超越，transgress 违背 |
| ultra- | beyond, excessively | ultraconservative 极端保守，ultramodern 现代，ultraviolet 紫外线 |
| uni- | one | uniform 统一的，unicameral 一院制，unique 独特的 |
| vice- | one who takes the place of another | vice-president 副总统，viceroy 总督，vice-consul 副领事 |
| B. SUFFIXES 后缀 | ||
| Noun Suffixes 名词后缀 | ||
| Suffix 后缀 | Meaning 代表 | Example 例词 |
| -ance, -ence | act of, state of | attendance 出席，precedence 优先，reliance 依赖 |
| -ancy, -ency | act of, state of | hesitancy 犹豫不决，presidency 主席， consistency 一致状态 |
| -ation | state, action, institution | fixation 固定， exploration 勘探，starvation 饥饿，foundation 基础，organization 组织 |
| -dom | domain, condition of | freedom 自由，wisdom 智慧，kingdom 王国 |
| -er | one who | painter 画家，receiver 接收器，baker 面包师 |
| -or | one who | actor 演员，governor 省长，inspector 稽查 |
| -ar | one who | bursar 财务主管，liar 骗子，beggar 乞丐 |
| -eer | one who | profiteer 牟取暴利，racketeer 敲诈勒索，pamphleteer 小册子作者 |
| -ist | one who | segragationist 种族隔离主义者，realist 现实主义者，cyclist 骑自行车者 |
| -ess | one who | actress 女演员，poetess 女诗人，lioness 雌狮 |
| -hood | state of | boyhood 少年时代，falsehood 谎言，manhood 男子汉气概 |
| -ism | doctrine, point of view | mannerism 习气，idealism 理想主义，realism 现实主义 |
| -ity | state, quality | sanity 理智， rapidity 迅速，elasticity 弹性 |
| -ment | state, quality, act of | amazement 惊讶，payment 付款，embodiment 体现 |
| -ness | state of | fullness 丰满，shyness 羞怯，sickness 疾病 |
| -ocracy | system of government | democracy 民主，autocracy 专制，plutocracy 富豪 |
| -ship | state, condition | friendship 友谊，dictatorship 独裁，membership 成员 |
| Adjective Suffixes 形容词后缀 | ||
| Suffix 后缀 | Meaning 代表 | Example 例词 |
| -able, -ible | capable of | capable 有能力的，edible 可食用的，visible 可见的 |
| -al | like, pertaining to | criminal 刑事的，practical 务实的， musical 音乐的 |
| -ful | full of, having | useful 有益的，hopeful 有希望的，successful 成功的 |
| -ish | like, pertaining to | foolish 愚蠢的，childish 幼稚的，selfish 自私的 |
| -ic | like, pertaining to | democratic 民主的，heroic 英雄的，specific 具体的 |
| -ive | like, pertaining to | active 积极的，explosive 爆炸的，sensitive 敏感的 |
| -less | without | speechless 话少的，childless 无子女的，harmless 无害的 |
| -like | having the qualities of | childlike 孩子般的，stringlike 似绳的，statesmanlike 政治家的 |
| -ly | having the qualities of | beastly 兽性的，manly 男子气的，wordly 世俗的 |
| -ous | pertaining to, like | courageous 勇敢的，ambitious 雄心勃勃的，grievous 严重的 |
| Adverb Suffixes 副词后缀 | ||
| Suffix 后缀 | Meaning 代表 | Example 例词 |
| -ly | in a ... manner | happily 愉快的方式，strangely 奇怪的是，comically 滑稽地 |
| -ward(s) | manner and direcion of movement | backward(s) 向后，earthward 回地球，homeward 回家 |
| -wise | in the manner of, as far as ... is concerned | crabwise 小心翼翼，clockwise 顺时针方向，corkscrew-wise 螺旋地 education-wise 教育方面，weather-wise 天气方面 |
| Verb Suffixes 动词后缀 | ||
| Suffix 后缀 | Meaning 代表 | Example 例词 |
| -en | become, make | deafen 使耳聋，ripen 成熟， widen 拓宽 |
| -ify | cause, make | beautify 美化，diversity 多样化，simplify 简化 |
| -ize | cause, make | symbolize 象征， hospitalize 住院， publicize 宣传 |
| A. LATIN 拉丁词根 | ||
| Root 词根 | Meaning 代表 | Example 例词 |
| agr | field, farm | agriculture 农业，agronomy 农学 |
| aud | hear | auditorium 观众席，audience 观众 |
| aqua | water | aquatic 水生的，aqueduct 渡槽 |
| cid | kill | suicide 自杀，genocide 种族灭绝 |
| celer | speed, hasten | accelerate 加快推进，celerity 敏捷 |
| clud, | clus close, shut | seclusion 隐居，include 包括 |
| cur, curr | run | incur 招致，current 目前 |
| dict | say | diction 说词，contradict 矛盾 |
| duct | lead | induce 引诱，abduct 绑架 |
| fact | make, do | manufacture 制造，factory 工厂 |
| flect | bend | inflection 拐点，deflect 偏转 |
| frater | brother | fraternal 兄弟，fratricide 兄弟残杀 |
| fund, | fus pour | refund 退款，effusive 热情洋溢 |
| gress, grad | go, step | progress 进展，gradual 逐步 |
| jud | judgement | judicial 司法判决，judicious 明智的 |
| lect, | leg read, choose | collect 收集，legend 传说 |
| loq, | loc speak | eloquent 雄辩，locution 惯用语 |
| manu | hand | manuscript 手稿， manicure 修指甲 |
| mar | sea | maritime 海洋，submarine 海底 |
| mater | mother | maternal 孕产妇， matriarch 女族长 |
| med | middle | intermediary 媒介的，medium 中间 |
| min | smaller, inferior | diminish 缩小，minute 分钟 |
| mort | death | mortician 办丧事的人，殡仪人，mortal 凡人 |
| nom | name | nomenclature 命名，nominal 名义的 |
| pater | father | paternal 父亲，patriotic 爱国 的 |
| ped, | pod foot | pedal 脚踏，tripod 三脚架 |
| pend | hang, weigh | depend 依赖，ponderous 沉闷 |
| plic | fold | complicate 复杂，duplicate 复制 |
| port | carry | portable 轻便携带的，import 进口 |
| pos, pon | place, put | postpone 推迟，position 位置 |
| reg, rect | rule, manage | direct 指导，regulate 调控 |
| rupt | break | rupture 破裂，disrupt 破坏 |
| scrib, | scrip write | inscribe 登记，conscription 征兵 |
| tact, tang | touch | tactile 触觉的，tangible 有形 |
| vacu | empty | vacuum 真空，evacuate 撤离 |
| voca | call | vocal 呼叫声，invocation 调用 |
| vora | devour | voracious 贪婪的，carnivorous 食肉的 |
| GREEK 希腊词根 | ||
| Root 词根 | Meaning 代表 | Example 例词 |
| anthro | man | anthropoid 人猿，misanthrope 厌世 |
| astro | star | astrology 占星术，astronaut 宇航员 |
| auto | self | automatic 自动，automobile 汽车 |
| biblio | book | bibliography 书目，bibliophile 藏书 |
| bio | life | biology 生物学，biography 传记 |
| chronos | time | chronicle 纪事，chronology 年表 |
| demo | people | democrat 民主，demography 人口 |
| geo | earth | geology 地质geography 地理 |
| glot | tongue | polyglot 通晓数种语言， glottal 声门 |
| gram | something written | telegram 电报，grammar 语法 |
| graph | write | autograph 签名， biography 传记 |
| hetero | different | heterogeneous 全然不同的 |
| homo | same | homogeneous 同源，homosexual 同性恋 |
| hydra | water | dehydrate 脱水，hydrant 消火栓 |
| kosmo | world | cosmopolitan 都市，cosmonaut 宇航员 |
| krat | power | democrat 民主主义者，autocrat 独裁者 |
| logo | study | anthropology 人类学， chronology 年表 |
| mega | big | megaphone 扩音器， megaton 百万吨级 |
| micro | small | microscope 显微镜，microphone 麦克风 |
| naut | sailor | astronaut 宇航员，nautical 航海 |
| necro | death | necromancer 巫师 |
| neo | new | neophyte 新手， neoclassical 新古典主义 |
| neuro | nerve | neurology 神经学neurotic 神经 |
| nomo | knowledge, law | autonomy 自主权 astronomy 天文学 |
| patho | suffering, disease | pathetic 可怜的， pathology 病理 |
| Philo | love | philosophy 哲学，philanthropist 慈善家 |
| phobo | fear | hydrophobia 狂犬病，phobia 恐惧症 |
| phone | sound, voice | phonology 音韵学，telephone 电话 |
| photo | light | photography 摄影，photosynthesis 光合作用 |
| poli | city | cosmopolitan 国际都会，politician 政治家 |
| poly | many | polyglot 通晓数种语言，monopoly 垄断 |
| psych | of the mind | psychic 精神，psychology 心理 |
| scop | examine | scope 范围， telescope 望远镜 |
| soph | wise | sophisticated 成熟，philosophy 哲学 |
| tele | distant | telegraph 电报， telepathy 心灵感应 |
| typ | intake | typical 典型， typewriter 打字机 |
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