Tradition and Modernization
【传统与现代化相兼容】
Many people pose tradition and modernization as diametrically opposite. For instance, as Beijing increasingly becomes a modern international metropolis, its traditional legacies, architecture and social mores among many other things, are shrinking at an alarming speed. However, more often than not, tradition and modernization are wholly compatible and may even be mutually enriching. The modernization process only serves to highlight the indispensable value of tradition.
Future-oriented as it is, modernization cannot be cut away from the past. Man is an emotional animal whose emotional attachment to the past defines the meaning of his existence in the present and the future. Although many urban planners are involved in a reckless drive for developing high-rise buildings to make their cities look modern, true architects are committed to preserving traditional architecture. This is because demolishing traditional architecture would render modern people rootless and disoriented. Without the past serving as a framework of reference, we would not know where we are heading for.
Being traditional does not mean being old-fashioned or outmoded. Many traditional values are of permanent significance and should be observed in the modern and post-modern eras. Chinese traditional ethics like benevolence and moral integrity should go beyond time and space to serve as universal values. As we strive to modernize our world, we should update and enrich our traditions instead of discarding them altogether. Otherwise, we are being irresponsible to ourselves or to our future generations.
It is true modernization is an irresistible global trend taking place with increasing momentum. However, the best pattern of modernization is the one taking full account of the historical past. Modernization should not be equated with breaking up with the past but rather an extension and incorporation of the past. Accordingly, human civilization retains its continuity and human existence is made meaningful because of this continuity.
【参考译文】
传统与现代化
许多人将传统与现代化绝然对立起来。例如，随着北京日益变成一个现代化的国际大都市，其诸多传统遗产，尤其是建筑与社会习俗，正以惊人的速度在消亡。然而，在很多情况下，传统与现代完全可以兼容并蓄，甚至相得益彰。现代化进程反而突显了传统的无可替代的价值。
虽然现代化面向的是未来，但它却绝不能与过去割裂开来。人类是情感型的动物，其与往昔的渊源关系决定了其当下与未来的生存意义。虽然很多城市规划者肆无忌惮地追逐者建造越来越多的高楼大厦，以使其设计的都市日显现代气息，但真正的建筑大师们却致力于保护传统建筑。这是因为摧毁传统建筑会使现代人失去归属感，从而迷失方向。如果没有过去充当我们的参照系，我们就会浑然不知我们将去向何方。
保持传统并非意味着抱残守缺或冥顽不化。许多传统的价值观具有永恒的意义，在现代与后现代都应加以恪守。诸如“仁慈”与“正直”这类传统的中国伦理规范应当超越时空，构成人类的普世价值。在追求使我们周围的世界变得现代化的同时，我们需要做的，是对我们的传统进行推陈出新，丰富其内涵，而不是简单地将其弃置不顾。否则，我们就会显得极不负责任，无论是对于我们自己，还是对于我们的子孙后代。
诚然，现代化是一个无可抗拒的全球性趋势，正在方兴未艾地推进。然而，现代化的最佳模式应是那样一种充分兼顾历史的模式。现代化不应该被等同于与过去宣告决裂，而应是对过去的一种拓展与融合。唯有如此，人类才能维系其连贯性，人类的生存才会由于这一连贯性而富有意义。
【值得熟记的句式与短语】
1. pose摆放
2. be diametrically opposite正好相反的，直径上对置的
3. a modern international metropolis一个现代化的国际大都市
4. social mores社会习俗
5. at an alarming speed以惊人的速度
6. more often than not在很多情况下
7. be wholly compatible and may even be mutually enriching完全可以兼容并蓄，甚至相得益彰
8. highlight the indispensable value of tradition突显传统所蕴含的无可替代的价值
9. be cut away from the past与过去割裂开来
10. emotional attachment情感依恋
11. a reckless drive for developing high-rise buildings肆无忌惮地追逐着建造高楼大厦
12. preserve traditional architecture保护传统建筑
13. render modern people rootless and disoriented使现代人失去归属感，从而迷失方向
14. be of permanent significance拥有永恒的意义
15. values should be observed应该恪守价值观
16. moral integrity正直
17. go beyond time and space to serve as universal values超越时空，构成人类的普世价值
18. As we strive to modernize our world在追求使我们周围的世界变得现代化的同时
19. an irresistible global trend一个无可抗拒的全球性趋势
20. increasing momentum不断增长的势头
21. take full account of充分考虑到
22. be equated with等同于，使相等
Landing a Job Related to the Major or Not
1. 很多大学生毕业后从事的工作与所学专业关系不大，原因是……
2. 有人认为应该找与专业相关的工作,也有人认为无关紧要
3. 我的看法……
【精彩范文】
Landing a Job Related to One’s Major or Not
That every college graduate lands a job perfectly geared to his major depends on a series of prerequisite conditions—that there are sufficient job opportunities, every graduate loves his major, the pay is satisfactory, and the location of the workplace is ideal, etc.
All those conditions render a perfect match between one’s specialty and one’s job a mere wish. In reality, such correspondence is possible only for a few fortunate students. For most students, some of whom cannot even find a job, they should be prepared for jobs only partially or even tangentially related to their major.
As a matter of fact, college education does not seek to produce students who only engage in careers based on their major. More and more universities now emphasize foundational and interdisciplinary education to develop broad-caliber students capable of coping with diverse challenges in a rapidly changing world. An important function of university education is just to expand students’ intellectual capacity and enhance their emotional maturity. Students must realize that studying a particular major does not automatically guarantee a ready career in that major.
Of course, students embarking on graduate studies should pursue careers related to their major. A student prepared to spend two or three years on a Master’s program and another three or five years on a Ph.D. program must have an intense and genuine interest in a particular subject. The failure to work in a related field would be a huge waste of the time and energy, and of the in-depth knowledge acquired.
In seeking a job, a student should opt for the job that accords with his interest and allows him to best exploit his talents. One’s career success depends not necessarily on one’s specialized knowledge, but on how one updates the existing knowledge and fits into a new environment.
【参考译文】
工作是否应与专业相匹配
每个大学毕业生要找到与其专业完全契合的工作，这取决于一系列先决条件：工作机会足够的多，每个毕业生热爱其专业，薪酬令人满意，工作单位的地理位置也甚为理想……
所有这些条件，使工作与专业之间的完美匹配成为一种奢望。在现实中，这种对应只可能出现在为数不多的幸运儿身上。对于大多数甚至连工作都难于找到的学生来说，他们必须准备着去接受那些与其专业只是部分相关、甚至几乎毫不相关的工作。
事实上，大学教育所试图培养的学生，并非仅限于去从事那些基于其专业的工作。现在，越来越多的大学注重基础性教育或交叉学科教育，就是为了培养宽口径的学生，能够应对一个快速变化的社会中不尽相同的挑战。大学教育的一个重要功能是，拓展学生的智力，提高其情感成熟度。学生们应该意识到，从事某个专业的学习，并不自然而然地保证该专业领域中有一个现成的职业在等待着你。
当然，进行研究生学习的学生，应尽量去从事与其专业相关的职业。一个愿意花上二至三年去攻读硕士学位，再花上三至五年去攻读博士学位的学生，必定对某一特定科目有着强烈而诚挚的兴趣。不去从事相关领域中的工作，这是对其青春年华、精力、以及业已获得的深厚学识的一阵巨大浪费。
在寻找工作的过程中，学生应选择那种既合乎其兴趣、又能最充分地使其发挥才华的工作。一个人职业生涯的成功，并非必定取决于其专业知识，而是取决于他如何去更新现有知识，并适应一个全新的环境。
【值得熟记的句式与短语】
1.land 弄到，捞到
2.geared to his major 与其专业完全契合
3.prerequisite conditions 先决条件
4.render ...a mere wish 使....成为一种奢望
5.tangentially 无关的
6.interdisciplinary education 交叉学科教育
7.broad-caliber students 宽口径的学生
8.embarking on graduate studies 进行研究生学习
9.opt for 选择
10.in-depth knowledge 深厚学识
佳句欣赏：
1.Students must realize that studying a particular major does not automatically guarantee a ready career in that major.
学生们应该意识到，从事某个专业的学习，并不自然而然地保证该专业领域中有一个现成的职业在等待着你。
2.Of course, students embarking on graduate studies should pursue careers related to their major.
当然，进行研究生学习的学生，应尽量去从事与其专业相关的职业。
Should College Graduates Start Their Own Business?
1.目前大学毕业生就业竞争非常激烈
2.有人认为去找工作不如自己创业
3.我的看法……
【精彩范文】
Should College Graduates Start Their Own Business?
With the competition in the job market becoming increasingly fierce for college graduates, some ambitious students have tried their hands at launching their own businesses. Over the years, there have been many successful cases of student entrepreneurship and such attempts should be encouraged and promoted by both the universities and the society at large.
College students who start businesses are pioneers, among whom will be born China’s future business leaders. Faced with unknown challenges, they are audacious enough to embark on a perilous journey while most of their peers enjoy stable salaries by working as white-collars at high-end office buildings. Nevertheless, they are the masters of their own destiny and, exposed to many more uncertainties and setbacks, they develop perseverance, stamina and the indomitable spirit that are indispensible to all the great entrepreneurs. Even if they fail, they are not down; they keep exploring for new business opportunities and work tirelessly until they succeed. As people of vision, of individual initiative, of leadership, and of creativity and innovation, they represent the future and the hope of a nation.
Not all college graduates are suitable for undertaking entrepreneurial projects. To launch a business, one needs to have a sound business idea, a viable business plan, the charisma to create a cohesive team where members make concerted efforts for a common objective, effective managerial skills, and above all, the courage to compete against powerful rivals and ultimately to prevail. The essential difference between the students who become civic servants in government organizations or employees at leading domestic or multinational companies and those who create their own businesses is that the former are docile followers whereas the latter are aggressive trailblazers. For this reason, business-launching college graduates are more admirable, and thus they command our deep respect.
【参考译文】
大学毕业生应否自己创业
对于大学毕业生来说，随着就业市场上的竞争日趋白热化，某些雄心勃勃的学生已开始尝试着去自己创业。在过去几年中，已出现了诸多学生创业的成功案例，因此，此类尝试理应获得学校和整个社会的鼓励与推动。
那些自己进行创业的大学生可被视为先驱，在他们之中，将会诞生中国未来的商界领袖。尽管面对着许多未知的挑战，他们仍无所畏惧地踏上一条充斥着艰难险阻的征程。与此形成对比的是，他们的大多数同龄人却作为白领，在高端写字楼里上班，拿着稳定的薪水。但是，创业的学生才是其命运真正的主人。由于接触到更多的不确定性与挫折，他们形成了锲而不舍、坚忍不拔、顽强不屈的精神，所有这些品质都是杰出企业家所不可或缺的。即使他们失败，他们不会垮掉，他们会不断探索，寻找新的商机，不知疲倦地努力，直至成功。作为一个具有远见卓识、个人进取性、领导力、创造力和创新精神的群体，他们代表着一个国家的未来与希望。
并非所有的大学毕业生都适合去从事创业项目。要想创业，必须要有一个好的商业点子，一个可行的商业规划，非凡的个人魅力以形成一个有凝聚力的团队，使团队成员们步调一致地去奋力实现共同的目标，以及有效的管理才华； 尤其是，需要有敢于与最强劲对手展开竞争、并最终取得胜利的勇气。那些成为政府机构里的公务员的学生，或者那些成为本土大企业或跨国公司的雇员的学生，与那些自己进行创业的学生相比，最本质的差别在于，前者是温顺的追随者，而后者则是奋发进取的探路者。正是基于这一原因，创业的大学毕业生们更令人钦佩，也因而赢得了我们深深的敬意。
【值得熟记的句式与短语】
1. try their hands at launching their own businesses 尝试着自己创业
2. such attempts should be encouraged and promoted by both the universities and the society at large. 此类尝试理应获得学校和整个社会的鼓励与推动。
3. faced with unknown challenges 面对着未知的挑战
4. embark on a perilous journey 踏上一条充斥着艰难险阻的征程
5. white-collars at high-end office buildings在高端写字楼里上班的白领
6. （be）exposed to many more uncertainties and setbacks
接触到更多的不确定性与挫折
7. They develop perseverance, stamina and the indomitable spirit.
他们形成了锲而不舍、坚忍不拔、顽强不屈的精神。
8. (be) indispensible to all the great entrepreneurs都是杰出企业家所不可或缺的。
9. Even if they fail, they are not down. 即使他们失败，他们不会垮掉。
10. As people of vision, of individual initiative, of leadership, and of creativity and innovation 作为一个具有远见卓识、个人进取性、领导力、创造力和创新精神的群体
11. undertake entrepreneurial projects从事创业项目
12. to launch a business 创业
13．have the charisma to create a cohesive team拥有非凡的个人魅力以形成一个有凝聚力的团队
14.the courage to compete against powerful rivals and ultimately to prevail有敢于与最强劲对手展开竞争、并最终取得胜利的勇气
15. docile followers温顺的追随者
16. aggressive trailblazers 奋发进取的探路者
17. command our deep respect 赢得我们的敬意
Say “No” to Plagiarism
【精彩范文】
Say “No” to Plagiarism
A crucial skill students must develop at college is the ability to conduct independent research. Having accumulated fundamental knowledge, students should develop themselves into thinking and inquiring individuals capable of forming their own judgment and expressing their original insights, both in term papers and graduation theses.
Unfortunately, with massive information readily available on the Internet, irresponsible students find it so convenient to copy, partially or even completely, the research performed by others. Without declaring due acknowledgements, they pretend the research is by their own efforts and they secretly congratulate themselves on the good grades they obtain. Worst of all, they seldom have a guilty conscience because such plagiarism is so pervasive.
However, the consequences are more serious than those plagiarists could imagine. For one thing, their personal credibility is ruined. College years are the most formative period in a student’s life and deception could be a serious stain on one’s moral integrity. For another thing, without effective research experiences, one is unlikely to acquire depth of analyses or originality of insights, both of which are indispensible to one’s career development, whether in corporate, government or academic organizations. Ultimately, the plagiarists themselves are to suffer.
To eradicate plagiarism, several measures could be adopted. Students need to heighten their moral standards by realizing that plagiarism is not just an academic issue but a critical moral issue. Teachers need to be more vigilant in detecting and combating plagiarism. Finally, university authorities need to tighten disciplinary codes to leave no plagiarists unpunished. In this way, universities can produce graduates who can be paragons of credibility, capable of playing a leading role in the credibility reconstruction of the entire nation.
【参考译文】
对剽窃说“不”
在大学学习期间，学生必须培养的一个关键技能是如何去从事独立的研究。在积累了基础知识之后，学生们应将自己培养成善于思索、勇于探究的个体，能够形成自己的判断，表达自己独特的见解，无论是在学期论文中，还是在毕业论文中。
不幸的是，由于互联网上海量信息唾手而得，缺乏责任心的学生很快就发现，部分地或全部地去抄袭他人所作的研究，是那么的便捷。他们对资料来源隐而不宣，假装研究是他们自己所完成的，骗得了好分数便暗自庆幸。最糟糕的是，他们很少受到良心的谴责，因为这股剽窃之风已司空见惯。
然而，后果之严重是这些剽窃者所无法想象的。一方面，他们的诚信悉遭摧毁。大学岁月是一个学生一生中最重要的人品形成期，欺骗是对个人道德品行的严重玷污。另一方面，不累积有效的研究经历，大学生就无法获得分析上的深度，或见解上的新颖。这两点对于大学生未来的职业发展至关重要，无论是在商业机构，政府机构或学术机构。最终而言，受损失的还是剽窃者本人。
欲铲除剽窃行为，可采取的措施有以下几个。学生们应该提高其道德水准；他们应该意识到，剽窃不是一个简单的学术问题，而是一个至关重要的道德问题。其次。教师应该提高警惕，去揭露剽窃并与之作斗争。最后，校方应强化学风规范，不让任何剽窃者逃脱惩处。这样，大学所培养出来的毕业生就能成为诚信的典范，在整个国家的诚信重建中，开风气之先。
【值得熟记的句式与短语】
1. plagiarism剽窃，抄袭 plagiarists剽窃者，抄袭者
2. thinking and inquiring individuals勇于思索、探究的个体
3. capable of doing sth. 形成……的能力
4. conduct independent research独立开展研究
5. to form their own judgment形成自己的判断
6. expressing their original insights表达自己独特的见解
7. without declaring due acknowledgements对资料来源隐而不宣
8. a guilty conscience良心的谴责
9. be pervasive司空见惯的
10. personal credibility个人诚信
11. stain on one’s moral integrity道德品行上的污点
12. formative period形成阶段
13. acquire depth of analyses or originality of insights拥有深度的分析，或新颖的见解
14. eradicate plagiarism铲除剽窃行为
15. several measures could be adopted有许多可采取的措施
16. to heighten moral standards 提高道德水准
17. to be more vigilant in doing. 对. . . 提高警惕
18. detecting and combating plagiarism揭露剽窃并与之作斗争
19. to tighten disciplinary codes 强化学风规范
20. be paragons of credibility成为诚信的典范
21. credibility reconstruction of the entire nation整个国家的诚信重建
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