The power of the wind is captured and harnessed in two steps. Each step is easy to identify by simply observing a windmill in action.
First, notice how the fan turns. A windmill captures the energy of the wind with the large, circular fan, or "wheel", located at the top of the tower. When the wind blows, the fan rotates. This turning (rotary) motion is so commonplace that it's easily taken for granted. But don't. This is where the free energy of the wind is captured.
Second,look just below the turning wheel and notice a long rod moving up and down. This "sucker rod", is powered by the windmill's motor. This motor is a unique set of mechanical gears that converts the rotary motion of the wheel into a reciprocating (up and down) motion that powers the cylinder pump located deep underground.
Once the well is drilled to the proper depth, the well wall is reinforced and perforated to allow water from the surrounding aquifer to seep into the well. Gravity causes the water to rise to the level of the underground water table.
A sealed "drop pipe" is then inserted into the well until its lower end is fully immersed in the well water.
The cylinder pump accomplishes this feat by creating a one-way flow of water within the drop pipe and constantly ratcheting water upward.
Two specialized pump valves work together to draw well water into the bottom of the drop pipe and then ratchet the water column upward. By repeatedly adding water to the bottom of the water column, the drop pipe fills and water pours out the top into a storage tank.
The cylinder pump is located inside the windmill's drop pipe near the bottom of the water well. It pumps water from the bottom of the well by ratcheting it upward through the drop pipe, towards the storage tank.
It achieves this by repeatedly drawing water in through the bottom of the drop pipe and lifting the water column upward. This cycle repeats until water pours out of the top of the drop pipe into the storage tank.
Two valves work together in an opposing manner to pump water. The top valve is called the "plunger" and the lower valve is called the "check valve". Power is provided by the windmill motor and transmitted to the plunger through the sucker rod.
The ball's orientation in the valve basket is the key.
· When the ball is "up", the valve is open.
· When the ball is "down", the valve is closed.
Dark blue well water is drawn upward through the lower check valve, filling the cylinder pump.
The sky blue water column water above the plunger is lifted upward.
Pale blue water in the cylinder area becomes the new bottom of the water column as the plunger moves downward.
When the wind blows, the plunger moves up and down. As the plunger moves, each valve opens and closes at the appropriate time causing water to be pumped upward.
On the upstroke, plunger valve closes and the check valve opens. Water above the plunger (the water column) is lifted. This lifting motion also creates a vacuum between the plunger and the check valve. This vacuum opens the check valve, and well water flows up through the strainer into the drop pipe.
On the downstroke, plunger valve opens and the check valve closes. The plunger can then pass through the water being held "in check" by the lower check valve. This downstroke forms the new bottom of the water column.
View the animated windmill illustration to see everything in action.
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