第二章 分离的幻相
为了减轻这些解释引起的恐惧，先来些序言。
首先是昨晚，当你观赏仲夏夜之梦的片段时，我提醒你注意的对句：
" 恁自性之所是，恁真见之所思。" 【译者注：展现自性，静观实相。】
注意，这是奥白朗（Oberon）在赦免泰塔娜（Titania）在作为和觉知上的错误时，
所说的话。这些话，重建她真正的身分、才能、与判断力。和我们要说的，显然很类似。
我要求你从字典抄下来的一些定义，会很有用。
这些定义之所以不平常，是因为按照出现年代的顺序，它们并不是第一定义。
然而，每一个定义都出现在字典上，是不争的事实。
Project （动词）：向前或向外延伸。
Project （名词）：思维中的计划。
World ：自然的大区域。（你最初写成“字”（word）而不是“世界”（world）。）
之后我们要提到的投射，与精神的疾病和健康都有关係。
那可以解释Lucifer 【译者注：传说中堕落的天使】真正的将自己从天堂投射出来。
我们也谈论到，人能创造空壳，但无法什么都不创造。
这空虚，为错误的投射提供屏幕。
伊甸园，在圣经裡被描述为花园，实际上根本不是一个花园，
而只是一种毫无需求的精神状态。
即使按照字面来解释，也应该注意到，在分离之前，人根本不需要什么。
至于知识之树，一个过于具体的概念（因此才接着提到“吃树上的果子”），
实际上是像征知识的误用。
无论如何，这概念得好好澄清、明白，才能完全了解“误入恐惧”的真正意义。
依照前面的定义，投射（动词）是上主的主要特性，祂也将这特性给了祂的圣子。
在创作中，上主将祂的创作能力，投射给祂所创造的灵魂，
并且赋予他们，对创作的同样爱好（或意愿）。
我们谈论过，对“已”被创造，和“正”被创造的混淆，所造成的基本错误。
我们也强调过，人的灵魂，不仅被完全地创造了，而且是被创造得至善至美。
人的灵魂，没有空虚。
下一点，也已经提过，但值得重复。
由于与创作主的相像，灵魂具有创造性。
任何上主的孩子，都不可能失去创作的能力，因为这是他的天赋。
当投射被错误的利用，这总是暗示着空虚（或匮乏）的必然存在，
人以为有能力可以拿自己的构想来替代真理。
如果你仔细考虑这前因后果，很明显就是：
首先，这是假设、暗示上主所创造的，可以被人的想法所改变。
其次，「以为完美的可能变成不完美（或欠缺）」的概念，就闯了进来。
第三，产生了「人能扭曲上主的创作（包括他自己）」的信念，并接受了这信念。
第四，既然人能创造自己，他的创作方向是由自己来决定。
这些相关的扭曲，代表分离时的景象。
这些景像以前不存在，实际上现在也不存在。
依照之前的定义，
世界，是被创作为自然的大区域，或上主向外的投射。
这是祂的创作之所以像祂的原因。
赞成（pro）的相反是反对（con）。
那么，严格上讲，投射（projecting）的相反应该是conjecting，
是指不确定或猜测的工作状态。
其它由于相关的设防，而产生的错误，下面再谈。
例如，沮丧（dejection）是明显的意气消沉；
引入（injection），可能很容易被误解为拥有的谬论（或被入侵）；
而摒弃（rejection）清楚的和否定相关，但也可以解释为拒绝；
拒绝认为是没有价值的东西。
上主的投射，有如内在的光辉，也是圣子们继承自上主的。
重要的是，“向外投射”必然地暗示，投射的真正源头是内在。
圣父如此，圣子亦然。
世界，原始的涵意，包括上主独特创作的人，和人在正确思维中的创作。
后者需要上主赋人以自由意志，因为所有爱的创作都是自由的给予。
这裡并不涉及任何阶层，实际上，只是一条连续性的创作，所有方面都是同一层次。
“ 蛇的谎言”，因为不是真实的，所以被称为谎言。
人如果听了，他只能得到虚假。
他不必相信虚假，除非他选择继续如此。
所有他错误的创作，可以在众所周知的“瞬眼之间”消失，因为那是视觉错误的感知。
灵性的眼睛可能沉睡，但下面将提到（关于电梯操作员鲍伯），沉睡的眼睛仍然能看。
玛丽艾迪（Mary Baker Eddy）强调堕落的另一种解释，值得一看；
这关係到「亚当落入深沉的睡眠」的描述。
圣经一直将这睡眠，当成是在创作夏娃时，用来保护亚当的一种麻醉。
艾迪夫人正确的强调，圣经没有任何一处提到亚当醒过来。
基督教科学派虽然明显的不齐全，但这一点却是正确的。
人所见的世界歷史裡，并没有真正和全面的觉醒或重生。
只要人继续错误的投射，这些就不可能发生。
人仍然保有上主投射给他的神性，可以据以投射出去。
实际上，这是他唯一的选择，因为他的自由意志，
是为了使他可以在完善的创作中，获得喜悦。
追根究底，所有恐惧起因于，对人有能力篡夺上帝力量的根本错觉。
再次强调，人不可能也没有能力如此；
这声明是他脱离恐惧的真正理由。
透过他对救赎的接纳，他了解到自己的错误从未真正发生过。
正因为亚当落入了深沉的睡眠，他才有机会体验恶梦。
当有人正在作梦的时候，并且是可怕的梦，
如果突然把灯打开，他最初很可能把亮光当作是自己梦中的一部分。
但是当他清醒过来，正确的察觉到是光将他从梦中解放出来，也就会知道梦是不真实的。
我以圣经的训谕作结语：“你也该这么做。”
很明显，上述的理解，与那结谎言之果的“知识之树”无关。
阐明而不隐匿的智慧，不仅能使你获得自由，也能明白指出你是自由的。
上面一段，是为了区别知识的真与假。
现在分辨清楚了，我们可以回头来谈前面所列出的各种错误。
这裡再重述一次。
第一是关于“唯有物质是真实”的谬论。
第二是对物而不对人。
第三是赋物质以非物质的特性。
而第四则澄清了知识的误用。
这些都归属于拥有的谬论。
第三的否定机制，某些细节已经提到过，下面将继续说明：
相对应的否定机制：
1）是物质的无力感，或无能。
2）经常是破产。
收藏家经常会有超出自己经济能力的衝动，其中隐含一种强迫终止的意图。
如果无法承受这中断的想法，可能演变成奇怪的折衷结果，
就是贪得无厌的佔有，和永不满足的浪费（破产）。
例如积习难改的赌徒，尤其是上瘾的赌马者。
矛盾的衝动使这些赌徒偏离了人和事，而投注于动物的身上。
其中所含对人的贬损，造成了狂热赌马者潜在的极端迷信。
酗酒也是一样的情形，只是他的斗争比较倾向于内在，而非外在。
护短的设防最难以化解，因为这会产生第二层的错误觉知，因而隐蔽了根本的错误。
3 ）的虚假矫正方式比较多变，因为这个错误包罗万象。
虽然已经提过，但列举一些可能：
a. 拥有和被拥有矛盾衝突的一个层面，可能会发展到不可忽视的程度。
如果倾向于“拥有”，就会导致偏执狂的解决方式。
“被拥有”的潜在要素，保留于“受迫害”的幻想中，
两者通常是共存的。
b. 如果“被拥有”成为非常严重，则有被外力控制的状况，
但重点不在攻击他人，反而是明显的被他人攻击。
而更致命的类型，是有被邪魔附身的感觉，
除非同时有a）的倾向，其结果将会是紧张性精神分裂，而不是偏执狂。
专注的偏执狂患者，在行为与目标上变得更苛刻死板，
企图以单一方向的投射，而脱离犹豫不决的心态。
（旁白：应该注意，这类型的偏执狂，是一种颠倒的宗教形态，
因为它明显企图达成一致。）
虽然没有绝对的保证，但1、2、和4更可能导致神经过敏症，而不是精神错乱症。
然而，由于3带有较严重的基本层次混淆，自然更容易受到伤害，也更容易精神错乱。
由3所引起的更大恐惧，可能发展到精神病的程度，
因此迫使这个人以精神错乱来面对问题。
这裡要强调的是，这些差异对奇蹟毫无影响，
奇蹟可以同样轻而易举的矫正任何一种错误，因为奇蹟不需要去辨别错误的内涵。
奇蹟唯一的分辨是，将真相放在一边，而将各种各样的错误放在另一边。
这就是为什么有些奇蹟似乎比其他的奇蹟更加重大。
但记住本课程的第一点，也就是，奇蹟没有难易、大小之分。
这裡强调的精神病，重点是反映奇蹟的“解除”功能。
当然，奇蹟的“建设”是更加重要。
但真正的奇蹟，无法在虚假的基础上发生，有时必须先进行“解除”的工作。
有时候，两者可能同时发生，但目前你并不需要为此担心。
再者，对精神病的深刻了解，可能被误用，而导致全神贯注于自己的症状。
所以对大多数人来说，比起致力于精神健康的课程，这一领域是较没有建设性。
但是，精神病的原理对某些行业是有建设性的，特别是那些照顾精神病患的人，
这明显的包括心理学家。
显而易见的，要更正所有类型的“拥有”谬论，就是正确的重新定义“拥有”。
“接管”的概念，根本不存在于神圣的实相中，神圣的实相是真实的唯一层次。
除非自愿，没有人可能“被接管”。
然而，如果他将自己的头脑安置在暴政而非真正的权威之下，
他便是把屈从或支配的概念，强加在自己的自由意誌之上。
如此将自由意志与「禁锢」联在一起，产生明显的矛盾公式。
即使是非常轻微的形式，这种结合还是危险的，
特别是有外在压力时，可能出乎意料的蔓延。
因为这种矛盾只有当外在的情况是平静的时候，才有可能以内在控制。
这是不安全的，因为外在情况是由众人的思想所导致，而并非所有的人都已纯净。
为什么你要任人摆佈？
这问题与“拥有”息息相关。
如果你相信别人任何的想法或外在环境可以影响你，
你便是认为他们能拥有你。
你完全不会被任何缺乏爱的行为所影响。
这些行为可能来自你和他人，或你对别人，或别人对你。
（我很高兴，你通过了关键性的测验。这是指海伦，本来不太愿意写下所听到的。）
安宁是你的本质，你无法向外寻求。
所有精神病都是某种向外的搜寻。
精神健康是内在的安宁。
安宁，使你对外在的缺乏爱保持屹立不动，
并使你有能力经由自己的奇蹟，
去改正那些由其他人缺乏爱的作为，
而造成的外在条件。
Chapter 2 – The Illusion of Separation
T 2 A. Introduction (*N not present in the Notes)
(Insert for page 61)
T 2 A 1. This section is inserted here because it deals with a more fundamental misuse of knowledge, referred to in the Bible as the cause of the Fall (or Separation). There are several introductory remarks which are intended to make these explanations less fear-provoking. The first is a couplet which I drew to your attention during the fragments of Midsummer Night's Dream, which you heard last night:
“Be as thou wast wont to be
See as thou wast wont to see.”
It is noteworthy that these words were said by Oberon in releasing Titania from her own errors, both of being and perceiving. These were the words which re-established her true identity as well as her true abilities and judgment. The similarity here is obvious.
T 2 A 2. There are also some definitions, which I asked you to take from the dictionary, which will also be helpful. Their somewhat unusual nature is due to the fact that they are not first definitions in their chronological appearance. Nevertheless, the fact that each of them does appear in the dictionary should be reassuring.
Project (verb): to extend forward or out.
Project (noun): a plan in the mind
World: a natural grand division. (Note that you originally wrote “word” instead of “world.”)
T 2 A 3. We will refer later to projection as related to both mental illness and mental health. It will also be commented on that Lucifer literally projected himself from heaven. We also have observed that man can create an empty shell, but cannot create nothing at all. T(63) 63 This emptiness provides the screen for the misuse of projection.
T 2 A 4. The Garden of Eden, which is described as a literal garden in the Bible, was not originally an actual garden at all. It was merely a mental state of complete need-lack. Even in the literal account, it is noteworthy that the pre- Separation state was essentially one in which man needed nothing. The Tree of Knowledge, again an overly-literal concept, (as is clearly shown by the subsequent reference to “eating of the fruit of the tree”) is a symbolic reference to some of the misuses of knowledge referred to in the section immediately preceding this one. There is, however, considerable clarification of this concept, which must be understood before the real meaning of the “detour into fear” can be fully comprehended. Projection, as defined above , (this refers to the verb) is a fundamental attribute of God, which he also gave to his Son. In the Creation,God projected his Creative Ability out of Himself toward the Souls which He created, and also imbued them with the same loving wish (or will) to create. We have commented before on the FUNDAMENTAL error involved in confusing what has been created with what is being created. We have also emphasized that man, insofar as the term relates to Soul, has not only been fully Created, but also been created perfect. There is no emptiness in him. The next point, too, has already been made, but bears repetition here. The Soul, because of its own likeness to its Creator, is creative.We have also emphasized that man, insofar as the term relates to Soul, has not only been fully Created, but also been created perfect. There is no emptiness in him. The next point, too, has already been made, but bears repetition here . The Soul, because of its own likeness to its Creator, is creative.We have also emphasized that man, insofar as the term relates to Soul, has not only been fully Created, but also been created perfect. There is no emptiness in him. The next point, too, has already been made, but bears repetition here . The Soul, because of its own likeness to its Creator, is creative.[93] No Child of God is capable of losing this ability, because it is inherent in what he IS.
T 2 A 5. Whenever projection in its inappropriate sense is utilized, it ALWAYS implies that some emptiness (or lack of everything) must exist, and that it is within man's ability to put his own ideas there INSTEAD of the truth. If you will consider carefully what this entails, the following will become quite apparent: T(64) -64
First , the assumption is implicit that what God has Created can be changed by the mind of Man.
Second , the concept that what is perfect can be rendered imperfect (or wanting) is intruded.
Third , the belief that man can distort the Creations of God (including himself) has arisen, and is tolerated.
Fourth , that since man can create himself, the direction of his own creation is up to him.
T 2 A 6. These related distortions represent a picture of what actually occurred in the Separation. None of this existed before, nor does it actually exist now. The world, as defined above, WAS made as a natural grand division, or projecting outward of God. That is why everything which He Created is like Him.
T 2 A 7. It should be noted that the opposite of pro is con. Strictly speaking, then, the opposite of projecting is conjecting, a term which referred to a state of uncertainty or guess work. Other errors arise in connection with ancillary defenses , to be considered later. For example, dejection, which is obviously associated with depression, injection, which can be misinterpreted readily enough, in terms of possession fallacies (particularly penetration), and rejection, which is clearly associated with denial. It should be noted also that rejection can be used as refusing, a term which necessarily involves a perception of what is refused as something unworthy.
T 2 A 8. Projection as undertaken by God was very similar to the kind of inner radiance which the Children of the Father inherit from Him. It is important to note that the term “project outward” necessarily implies that the real source of projection is internal. T(65) -65 This is as true of the Son as of the Father.
T 2 A 9. The world, in its original connotation, included both the proper creation of man by God, AND the proper creation by man in his Right Mind. The latter required the endowment of man by God with free will, because all loving creation is freely given. Nothing in either of these statements implies any sort of level involvement, or, in fact, anything except one continuous line of creation, in which all aspects are of the same order.
T 2 A 10. When the “lies of the serpent” were introduced, they were specifically called lies because they are not true. When man listened, all he heard was untruth. He does not have to continue to believe what is not true, unless he chooses to do so. All of his miscreations can disappear in the well known “twinkling of an eye”, [94] because it is a visual misperception.
T 2 A 11. Man's spiritual eye can sleep, but as will shortly appear in the notes (reference Bob, elevator operator) a sleeping eye can still see. One translation of the Fall, a view emphasized by Mary Baker Eddy, and worthy of note, is that “a deep sleep fell upon Adam.”[95] While the Bible continues to associate this sleep as a kind of anesthetic utilized for protection of Adam during the creation of Eve, Mrs. Eddy was correct in emphasizing that nowhere is there any reference made to his waking up. While Christian Science is clearly incomplete, this point is much in its favor.
T 2 A 12. The history of man in the world as he saw it has not been characterized by any genuine or comprehensive re-awakening, or re-birth. T(66) -66 This is impossible as long as man projects in the spirit of miscreation. It still remains within him to project as God projected his own Spirit to him. In reality, this is his ONLY choice, because his free will was made for his own joy in creating the perfect.
T 2 A 13. All fear is ultimately reducible to the basic misperception of man's ability to USURP the power of God. It is again emphasized that he neither CAN nor HAS been able to do this. In this statement lies the real justification for his escape from fear. This is brought about by his acceptance of the Atonement, which places him in a position to realize that his own errors never really occurred. T(67) -67
T 2 A 14. When the deep sleep[96] fell upon Adam, he was then in a condition to experience nightmares, precisely because he was sleeping. If a light is suddenly turned on while someone is dreaming, and the content of his dream is fearful, he is initially likely to interpret the light itself as part of the content of his own dream. However, as soon as he awakens, the light is correctly perceived as the release from the dream, which is no longer accorded reality. I would like to conclude this with the Biblical injunction “Go ye and do likewise.”[97] It is quite apparent that this depends on the kind of knowledge which was NOT referred to by the “Tree of Knowledge” which bore lies as fruit. The knowledge that illuminates rather than obscures is the knowledge which not only makes you free, but also shows you clearly that you ARE free.[98] T(68) -68
Lead in for p. 61 (after insert)
T 2 A 15. The preceding sections were inserted because of the necessity of distinguishing between real and false knowledge. Having made this distinction, it is well to return to the errors already listed a while back. It might be well to recapitulate them here. The first involved the fallacy that only the physical is real. The second involved things rather than people. The third involves the endowment of the physical with non-physical properties. And the fourth clarified the misuse of knowledge. All of them were subsumed under possession fallacies. The denial mechanism for three has already been set forth in some detail, and will also continue after the following: T(69) -69
(Retyped)
T 2 A 16. The corresponding denial mechanism for 1) is the sense of PHYSICAL inability, or IMPOTENCE. The denial mechanism for 2) is often bankruptcy. Collectors of things often drive themselves well beyond their financial means, in an attempt to force discontinuance . If this idea of cessation cannot be tolerated, a strange compromise involving BOTH insatiable possessiveness and insatiable throwing-away (bankruptcy) may result. An example is the inveterate or compulsive gambler, particularly the horse-racing addict. Here, the conflicted drive is displaced both from people AND things, and is invested in animals. The implied DEROGATION of people is the cause of the underlying EXTREME superstition of the horse racing addict.
T 2 A 17. The alcoholic is in a similar position, except that his hostility is more inward than outward directed.
T 2 A 18. Defenses aimed at protecting (or retaining) error are particularly hard to undo, because they introduce second-order misperceptions which obscure the underlying errors still further. T(70) -70
T 2 A 19. The pseudo-corrective mechanism of three is apt to be more varied because of the more inclusive nature of the error, which has already been mentioned. Some of the possibilities are listed below:
T 2 A 20. One aspect of the possession/possessed conflict can be raised to predominance. If this is attempted in connection with POSSESSING, it leads to the paranoid solution. The underlying component of “being possessed” is retained in the “persecution” fantasies, which are generally concomitants.
T 2 A 21. If “being possessed” is brought to ascendance, a state of some sort of possession by external forces results, but NOT with a major emphasis on attacking others. Attack BY others becomes the more obvious component. In the more virulent forms, there is a sense of being possessed by demons, and unless there is vacillation with a), a catatonic solution is more likely than a paranoid one.
T 2 A 22. The FOCUSED paranoid has become more rigid in his solution, and centers on ONE source of projection to escape from vacillation. (Aside: It should be noted that this type of paranoia is an upside down form of religion, because of its obvious attempt to unify into oneness.)
T 2 A 23. Both 1, 2, and 4 are more likely to produce neurotic[99] rather than psychotic states, though this is by no means guaranteed. However, 3 is inherently more vulnerable to the psychotic correction, again because of the more fundamental level confusion which is involved.
T 2 A 24. It should be noted, however, that the greater fear which is induced by 3 can ITSELF reach psychotic proportions, thus forcing the individual closer and closer to a psychotic solution. T(71) -71
T 2 A 25. It is emphasized here that these differences have no effect at all on the miracle, which can heal any of them with equal ease. This is because of the miracle's inherent avoidance of within-error distinctions. Its SOLE concern is to distinguish between truth, on the one hand, and ALL kinds of error, on the other. This is why some miracles SEEM to be of greater magnitude than others. But remember the first point in this course, ie, that there is no order of difficulty in miracles.
T 2 A 26. The emphasis on mental illness which is marked in these notes reflects the “UNDOING” aspect of the miracle. The “DOING” aspect is, of course, much more important. But a true miracle cannot occur on a false basis . Sometimes the undoing must precede it.
T 2 A 27. At other times, both can occur simultaneously, but you are not up to this at the moment.
T 2 A 28. Further, insights into mental illness can be misused, and lead to preoccupation with one's own symptoms. This is why this area is less constructive for most people than a course primarily devoted to mental health. However, some professions will find (some?) principles of mental illness constructive, especially those which are concerned with mental illness in others. This obviously includes psychologists.
T 2 A 29. The obvious correction for ALL types of the possession-fallacy is to redefine possession correctly. In the sense of “taking over,” the concept does not exist at all in divine reality, which is the only level of reality where real existence is a meaningful term. T(72) -72
T 2 A 30. No one CAN be “taken over” unless he wills to be. However, if he places his mind under tyranny, rather than authority, he intrudes the submission/dominance concept[100] onto free will himself. This produces the obvious contradiction inherent in any formulation that associates free will with imprisonment. Even in very mild forms, this kind of association is risky, and may spread quite unexpectedly, particularly under external stress. This is because it can be internally controlled ONLY if EXTERNAL conditions are peaceful. This is not safe, because external conditions are produced by the thoughts of many, not all of whom are pure in heart as yet.
T 2 A 31. Why should you be at THEIR mercy? This issue is VERY closely related to the whole possession issue. You insist on thinking that people CAN possess you, if you believe that their thoughts (or the external environment) can affect you , regardless of WHAT they think. You are perfectly unaffected by ALL express-ions of lack of love. These can be either from yourself and others, or from yourself to others, or from others to you. (I'm glad you passed that test. It was crucial. This is ref. to Helen Schucman reluctance to take dictations as given.)
T 2 A 32. Peace is an attribute in YOU. You cannot find it outside.[101] All mental illness is some form of EXTERNAL searching. Mental health is INNER peace. It enables you to remain unshaken by lack of love from without, and capable, through your own miracles of correcting the external conditions, which proceed from lack of love in others.
