if
中文
如果
是否
时态
在表示将来可能出现的情况时if从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时，if后面不能出现一般将来时，主句用一般将来时，即所谓的“主将从现”（主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时）
根据句子意思确定相应的时态，if后面可用一般将来时。
位置
放在句首，主句之前，与主语之间用逗号隔开；放在主句后面，if前面不必用逗号。
不放在句首，只放在动词等后面。
◇特别提醒
1. if作为“是否”的用法初二课本暂时没有涉及，只作拓展之用。
2. 以下内容只作了解，现行牛津初中教材内容已经删除。
在表示某一情形总会出现相同的结果时，if从句和主句都用一般现在时。
If the engine gets too hot, it starts to smoke. 发动机过热就会开始冒烟。
3. if在虚拟语气中的用法为高中内容，比较复杂，在此不作涉及。
◇课本例句
1. If you eat my food, I won’t talk to you. (P58)
2. If I don’t have food, I will die. (P58)
3. If I don’t have food, I will die too. If I die, no one will look after you. (P58)
4. If hunters catch a giant panda, they will kill it for its fur. (P60)
5. If farmers cut down trees and forests, giant pandas will have nowhere to live. (P60)
6. If people find baby pandas alone, they will often take them away. (P60)
7. If we do nothing, soon there will be no giant pandas in the world! (P60)
◇词典例句
1. If we miss the last bus, we’ll have to walk home.
2. If it rains, we’ll have to go indoors.
3. If I have enough money next year, I will go to England.
4. What shall we do if it rains tomorrow?
5. She asked me if I was fond of music. 她问我是否喜欢音乐。
6. Can you tell me if they’re planning to come? 你能告诉我他们是否打算过来吗？
7. I don’t know if she’s coming. 我不知道她是否会来。
8. She asked me if I could go to the party. 她问我能不能去参加聚会。
◇相关词组
☆if you want/like 如果你愿意的话
You can come and stay with us if you want.
☆if so如果是的话
Are you planning to return to work, and if so, who is going to look after the baby?
☆if not如果不是的话
Has anyone dealt with the technical problems? And if not, why not?
☆if necessary/if possible 如果必要/可能的话
We are ready to fight for our rights if necessary.
I should like to be back here by 10:30 if possible.
☆even if即使
I’d rather never sell this painting, even if they offered me a million dollars.
☆what if 要是……，那怎么办？ 如果……那会怎样？
What if the boss walked in here now and saw us?
☆as if好像是……
She always talks to me as if she was my sister.
◇相关练习
动词填空：
1. If it ______ (be) sunny tomorrow, I ______( walk) to school .
2. We ________ (not have ) our sports meeting if the weather ____ (not be ) fine.
3. If it _______ (rain ), my father _____ (take ) me to school in his car .
4. Tigers _______ (hunt ) for their own food if they _____ (live) in the wild.
5. If wolves ________ (be) in the wild, they ______(live) as family groups.
6. If we don’t help the wild animals in danger, they ______ (die) soon.
单项选择：
( )1.I don’t know if he ______ tomorrow . If he _______, I will tell him about it .
A. will come; will come B. comes ; comes
C. comes; will come D. will come ; comes
( ) 2. If Simon ______ hard, he ______ good at English.
A. work; is B. works; is C. works; will be D. will work; will be
( ) 3. He will come ________ you ask him.
A. whether B. unless C. if D. while
( ) 4. If the phone _______, can you answer it ?
A. rings B. is ringing C. will ring D. rang
( ) 5. Please give me a ring if you _______next Sunday.
A. won’t go B. don’t go C. not go D. not to go
( ) 6.Do you know if his school _____a sports meeting next month.
A. hold B. holds C. to hold D. will hold
( ) 7.We are not sure if it ______tomorrow. If it ______, we won’t climb the South Hill.
A. will now, snows B. will snow, will snow C. snows, snows D. snows, will snow
( ) 8. If we do nothing, there_________ no more giant pandas.
A. will have B. will has C. will be D. will be going to have
( ) 9. There_________ elephants if we don’t protect them.
A. won’t be any B. will have no C. won’t be some D. will be some
( ) 10. ---- Do you want to go swimming this afternoon?
----Yes, if the weather_________ warm.
A. will be B. would be C. was D. is
翻译句子：
1． If ___________________(如果明天不下雨的话), we will go to the zoo.
2． __________________(如果你生病了), you must see the doctor.
3． You’ll have to have a rest _______________（如果你感到累）
4． ___________________(如果我们训练海豚), they perform tricks.
5． Parrots repeat words _______________________ (如果你教他们)
6． _____________(如果老虎住在野外), they will hunt for their own food .
7． If you do not hurry up, ________________________________.(你会上学迟到).
◇江苏13城市中考试题汇编
1. If those wild animals can’t find enough food, they ________ (die) or have to leave their habitat soon. (2010无锡)
( ) 2. A tourist will easily lose his way in Beijing ______ he has a map or guide. (2010镇江)
A. if B. because C. unless D. when
( ) 3. ----Excuse me, could you take care of my little dog for me?
----________. I ________it if it doesn’t rain after supper. (09镇江)
A. Sorry; will walk B. My pleasure; will walk
C. I’m sure; walk D. I’m afraid not; walk
( ) 4. I have the key to the front door. My parents won’t wait for me if I ___________ back late. (09徐州)
A. come B. will come C. am coming D have come
5. 如果明天下雨，我们就在家做作业。 (2010扬州)
_______________________________________________
Keys:
◇相关练习
动词填空：
1. is, will walk 2. won't have, isn't 3. rains, will take 4. will hunt, live 5. are, will live 6. will die
单项选择：
1~5 D C C A B 6~10 D A C A D
翻译句子：
1. it doesn't rain tomorrow 2. If you are ill 3. if you feel tired 4. If we train dolphins 5. if you teach them
6. If tigers live in the wild 7. you will be late for school
◇江苏13城市中考试题汇编
1. will die 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. If it rains tomorrow, we will do our homework at home.
