考研英语词汇复习（10）

 

               expect、anticipate、foresee、foretell、estimate、

                                        predict、prophesy                                                                                                                     
                   
                                                                                                                            佳中

 

    expect

        anticipate

      

 这两个动词还可表示“预计”、“预料”、“估计”的意思。

 

expect  是普通用词，anticipate 是正式用词，两词有时可以换用，但需注意动词作宾语时，expect接动词不定式，anticipate接动名词。

 

 1) We didn’t expect/anticipate that the program would be opposed by the majority of the committee members.  

 （我们没有预料到这项计划将会被大多数委员会委员反对。）

           2) The problem is far more complicated than we originally expected/anticipated.

 （这个问题远比我们原先预计的要复杂得多。）

 3) We’d better hurry up; I expect Martin to be waiting anxiously for us at the airport.

 （我们最好赶快，我预计马丁在机场正焦急地等待着我们。）

           4) We didn’t anticipate meeting any opposition to the proposal we set forth at the meeting.

 （我们没有料到我们在会上提出的建议会遭到反对。）

 

  anticipate

     foresee

        foretell  *

  

   anticipate 可表示前瞻性的预计和预料，相当于foresee或foretell的意思。

 

  1) A good manufacturer must try to anticipate/foresee what his customers will want and decide what shall be produced.

  （一位优秀的制造商必须试图预料顾客需要什么，然后决定生产什么。）

         2）It is far better for us to anticipate the worst and get out of it before it hinders the progress.

  （最好能事先预料到最坏的情况并在它阻碍进程之前摆脱它。）

 

   foresee 或 foretell指凭自己的经验事先预测将要发生的事，但不肯定预言是否正确。

 

   1) No one can foresee / foretell what will happen in the future.

  （没人能够预见/预知将来会发生什么事。）

   2) Some observers foresaw/foretold that a new coup would take place in that country. （一些观察家预测在那个国家将会发生一场新的政变。）

 

  estimate           

       predict            

       prophesy          

 

  estimate   通常用于对数据的预测，名词为estimation。

 

        1) 25% children between the age of 10 and 14 are estimated to be working under illegal or dangerous conditions.

（估计有25% 10～14岁的儿童在非法或危险的情况下工作。）

  2) The U.S. Department of Education estimated that about two million school-age children are educated at home.

 （美国教育部估计大约有200万学龄儿童家里接受 教育。）

  3) I am sorry, but I really shall point out that his estimation is not correct.

 （对不起，我的确应该指出他的估计是不正确的。）

 

　

  predict 指凭借一定的知识技能或客观事实进行的预测或预料，名词为prediction。

 

  1) Some observers predicted that there will be a significant improvement in the economy of the country.

  （一些观察家预测其国家的经济将有明显地改善。）

  2) It is predicted that within the next 60 million years East Africa will have broken away from the rest of the African continent.

  （据预测，在六千万年后东非将与其馀的非洲大陆部分脱离开来。）

         3) We must make an accurate prediction of the demand on the products in the domestic

  market.

   （我们必须准确地预测国内市场对该产品的需求。）

 

  prophesy   用于预言未来可能发生的事，预言者有较大的权威性或智慧，眼光敏锐，预言较为可靠。 名词prophet意思 “预言”、“预言者”。

 

 1) Many economic experts prophesy /predicted an upturn in the stock market.

 （许多经济学家们预言股票市场情况将好转。）

        2) They prophesied that the conservative would win the general election, and so it did.

           （他们预言保守党将在大选中获胜，结果保守党果然赢了。）