too…to enough to
7 be born in the same year →be as old as
Bob and Paul were born in the same year.
Bob is as old as Paul.
8 what “所……的（事）”连接代词，引导名词从句→名词
Don’t forget what I said.
Don’t forget my words.
I don’t know what he meant.
I don’t know his meaning.
9 直接引语→间接引语
He asked, “What are you doing? ”
He asked what I was doing.
Mrs. Smith said to her daughter, “Don’t read in the sun.”
Mrs. Smith told her daughter not to read in the sun.”
10 最高级→比较级than…
Is December 22 the shortest day in the year?
Is December 22 shorter than any other day in the year?
He runs fastest in his class.
Nobody runs faster than he in his class.
11 without →if否定句
The old granny can’t see anything clearly if she doesn’t wear her glasses.
The old granny can see nothing clearly without her glasses.
I can’t finish the work in time without your help.
I can’t finish the work in time if you don’t help me.
12 on one's way to →主句+when 从句
On my way to school I met a friend of mine.
When I went to school, I met one of my friends.
13 at the age of →主句+when 从句
He began to learn English at the age of ten.
He began to learn when he was ten years old.
14 主语+seem to do →It+seem+that 从句
She seems to be worried now.
It seems that she is worried now.
并列句与复合句
用并列连词and, then, or, but, so等将两个或两个以上的简单句连接在一起的句子叫做并列句。一般说来，英语使用并列连词的频率要比汉语高，汉语可以把两个或更多的句子放在一起而不用联系，这种情况在英语中比较少见。如：
开始他不想去，后来他改变了主意。
译为英语，At first he didn’t want to go, but later, he changed his mind.
恰当地使用连词，可以使前后句更加连贯。
1 A, so B →B because A
She got up late so she missed the train.
She missed the train because she got up late.
2 祈使句,and/ then 简单句→If从句，简单句
If you work hard, you will pass the exam.
Work hard, and you will pass the exam.
3 祈使句,or 简单句→If否定从句，简单句
Hurry up, or you will be late.
If you don’t hurry up, you will be late.
简单句与并列句
All the boys are laughing except Jim.
All the boys are laughing, but Jim isn’t.
复合句与复合句
He finished his homework before he went to bed.
He went to bed after he finished his homework.
The students mustn’t go out of the classroom until class is over.
The students can go out of the classroom only when class is over.
Miss Smith left here after the rain stopped.
Miss Smith didn’t leave here until the rain stopped.
所列句型也常出现在“汉译英”、“改错”等主观性命题之中。如：汉译英
她太虚弱了，不能参加我们的4×100米接力赛。
She is too weak to join us in the girls’ 4×100-metre relay race.
似乎美式快餐在世界上最流行。
It seems that American fast food is the most popular in the world.
改错
Neither he or his wife will spend their holiday in the city.
A B C D
Though the students have finished their lessons, but they are still in the classroom waiting for their teacher. A B C D
Father thought the room was not enough big for both of us to live in.
A B C D
Because he was ill, so he didn’t come to school.
A B C D
可以用不同的连接词转换句型，如because与so，though与but，但不能像汉语那样连用，一个句子只能使用一种。用了though不用but, 用了so不用because。
在听力测试中，同义句占有较大的比例，如：选出与你听到的意思最接近的句子。
1.（He went to school at 7:30. Half an hour later he got there.）
A. He got to school at 7:30.
B. He got to school at 8:00.
C. He got to school at 8:30. （答案：B）
2.（You can see Jim’s book here and there.）
A. Jim’s books are here.
B. You can see Jim’s books over there.
C. You can see Jim’s books everywhere. （答案：C）
3.（The family was so poor, they couldn’t afford to pay for the boy’s study.）
A. The boy didn’t go to school because his family didn’t have enough money.
B. The family was poor, they tried their best to let the boy study.
C. The boy didn’t go to school because he didn’t want to. （答案：A）
4.（Of all the girls, Lucy runs fastest.）
A. Lucy runs very fast, but she is not the fastest one.
B. Lucy runs much faster than the other girls.
C. Some girls run as fast as Lucy. （答案：B）
平时同学们要理解所学句型的结构形式和意义，然后以不同的表达内容反复操练。在操练中要先上口，后下手（书面），上口要注意意群停顿，结合语音语调，下手要注意套用句型格式，直到能脱口而出，提笔而就。
今天本讲的专题是“语言表达”，讲了两个方面的内容，“情景交际”和“句型转换”，希望本讲对重点句型的归纳、梳理和分析，对常见的命题方式、答题方法和技巧的介绍，能对同学们有所帮助。同时，本讲在南京教研网“网上学习”上配有专题练习若干，希望同学们能认真思考解答，巩固所练句型。
That’s all for today. Thank you.
专项练习
I. 补全对话
（ A ）
A: Hello! Could I _________to the headmaster, please?
B: ______ on for a moment, please. I’m sorry he isn’t here _________ now. may I help you?
A: That’s very kind _________ you, but I want to speak to him _________ my son, Jim Green. I would like to _________ him as soon as _________, please.
B: Are you _________ later today, Mr. Green?
A: Sorry. I’m free every day _________ today.
B: Are you able to come here tomorrow?
A: I think so. What time?
B: _________8:30 and 9:00.
A: I think so. Yes, I think that would be fine.
B: I’ll _________ a message on his desk.
A: Thank you very much. Goodbye!
B: Goodbye!
( B )
A: _________would you like playing, volleyball or _________?
B: _________. I like football.
A: I like playing football, _________. Let’s go to play football sometime, _________we?
B: OK. I’m very glad _________.
A: When _________ we go, this afternoon _________ tomorrow afternoon?
B: I’m going to _________ a football match of World Cup _________TV.
A: I hear you are going to _________ your grandmother.
B: Yes. But the match is _________ important that I can’t _________ it.
( C )
A: _________ can I _________ _________ you?
B: I’m looking for a pair of black shoes.
A: _________ _________ _________you like?
B: Size eight.
A: The shoes you want are here. Which pair do you want?
B: The one _________ the right _________ nice. How much?
A: Fifty yuan.
B: I’m afraid that’s _________ _________ expensive. Do you have any _________shoes?
A: Yes, _________ _________ the pair next _________them? Only thirty yuan.
B: OK. Can I _________ them _________, please?
A: Certainly.
B: This pair of shoes _______me quite well. I’ll take it. Here ________ the money. Goodbye
A: Goodbye!
( D )
A: Can I _______ you? Would you like something to _______? What _______ some cakes?
B: No, _________. I think I’d like some bread.
A: Would you like something to _________?
B: A cup of coffee, please.
A: _________sugar?
B: Yes, _________.
A: Some _________ bread?
B: No. the bread is delicious, _________ I can’t eat _________ more. Thank you.
( E )
A: _________me, please. Could you tell me _________ to get to the East Street Hospital?
B: Go _________ this street _________you _________the second traffic lights. _________right and you’ll _________ the hospital at the _________ of the road.
A: How _________ is it?
B: About three kilometers. It’ll _________ you about _________an hour. But you’d _________ catch a bus.
A: _________ bus shall I take?
B: The Number 2 bus will take you _________.
A: Thanks a lot.
B: You’re _________.
( F )
A: Good afternoon! Sit down, please. What’s _________with you?
B: Good afternoon , Doctor. I _________ _________ a headache.
A: Have you _________ your _________?
B: Yes, I have. It’s a bit higher.
A: Jack, _________ your mouth and _________ “Ahh”.
B: Ahh…A. It’s _________ _________. You just have a cold.
A: I’ve got a fever, too.
B: How _________ have you been _________ _________?
A: _________this morning. Do I have to _________ in bed?
B: No, _________this medicine and you’ll be all right soon.
A: Thank you very much, Doctor. Good-bye.
( G )
A: ________ to the radio, Jack. The weather report _________ it’s going to rain tomorrow.
B: Turn it off, please. I _________care about the weather. I’m writing a _________ and I have to post it before noon. It’s _________ my penfriend in China.
A: Would you buy 10 80-fen stamps ________ me, please?
B: OK. Oh, it’s _______ outside now, not _______. Never believe the weather report, Mike.
A: What _________ weather!
B: May I use your raincoat?
A: _________. I left it at home.
补全对话参考答案
(A) speak Hold by of about meet possible free except Between leave
(B) What basketball Neither too shall to shall or watch on see so miss
(C) What do for What size would on looks How much much too cheaper how/what about to try on fits is
(D) help eat about thanks drink With please more but any
(E) Excuse how along/down/up until/till reach/see Turn find/see end far take half better Which there welcome
(F) wrong have got taken temperature open say nothing serious long like this Since stay/lie take
(G) Listen says don’t letter/postcard to for raining
tomorrow bad Sorry
II.不变原意，改写句子
1.She doesn’t want to drink milk now.
She doesn’t ______ ______ ______ milk now.
2.Florence Nightingale was a nurse. She came from a rich family.
Florence Nightingale was a nurse ______ ______ ______ ______.
3. Do you often dream?
Do you often ______ ______ ______ ?
4. They told the boy not to pick flowers.
They ______ the boy ______ ______ flowers.
5. It’s time for our lunch.
It’s time for ______ ______ ______ lunch.
6. Don’t worry. I, ’ll look after your baby carefully.
Don’t worry. I’ll _____ ______ ______ ______ your baby.
7. People in Japan eat a lot of fish. We eat a lot of fish, too.
People in Japan eat a lot of fish. ______ ______ ______.
8. It may have different tastes.
______ it ______ different tastes.
9. All the other girls are standing behind the tallest one.
The tallest girl is standing ______ ______ ______ ______ the line.
10. It takes about fifteen minutes on foot.
It is about ______ ______ ______.
11. I didn’t have a rest. I went on writing.
I went on writing ______ a rest.
12. How sweet her voice is!
______ ______ ______ ______ she has!
13. Beethoven didn’t say any more.
Beethoven said ______ ______.
14. The man upstairs always dropped his shoes on the floor, so the man downstairs couldn’t get to sleep.
The man downstairs ______ ______ ______ get to sleep ______ the man upstairs didn’t put his shoes ______ on the floor.
15. I woke up very late this morning, so I was late for school.
I ______ ______ up ______ ______ ______ get to school on time.
16. If you don’t study harder, you won’t catch up with the others.
If you don’t study harder, ______ ______ ______ the others.
17. Lin Tao runs faster than the other two boys.
Lin Tao runs ______ of the ______ boys.
18. He was surprised to find the girl was blind.
_____ ______ ______, he _____ the girl was blind.
19. This kind of medicine is much too expensive for poor people.
The poor people ______ ______ ______ ______ this kind of medicine.
20. He is sure to be on time.
I’m sure ______ ______ ______ on time.
21. I bought this dictionary for 58 yuan.
I ______ 58 yuan ______ this dictionary.
22. Mark Twain wrote the book.
Mark Twain ______ ______ ______ of the book.
23. She isn’t free now. She’s at work.
She is ______ ______.
24. What’s the matter with him?
What’s ______ ______?
25. Everyone is healthy.
______ one is ______.
26. Maths is more difficult than physics.
Physics is ______ difficult than maths.
Physics isn’t ______ ______ ______ maths.
27. Do you have a favourite band?
______ ______ a band ______ ______ ______ ?
28. His first visit to China was in 2000.
He ______ China ______ ______ ______ ______ in 20000.
29. I can help my father with the farm work, or my brother can help him with it.
______ my brother ______ I ______ ______ my father with the farm work.
30. What other things would you like?
______ ______ would you like?
31. We are all before you.
You ______ ______ ______ all.
32. She sat nearest to the doctor’s door.
______ ______ sat ______ to the doctor’s door ______ she did.
33. Please stand in line.
Please ______ ______ your ______.
Don’t ______ ______ ______, please.
34. You mustn’t put the plastic bags here and there.
You mustn’t ______ the plastic bags ______.
35. If you play football here, you may break the windows.
______ play football here, ______ you may break the windows.
36. It seems that our class is going to win.
Our class ______ ______ ______.
37. My father is working here. My uncle is also working here.
______ my father ______ my uncle ______ ______ ______.
38. Jim doesn’t know how he can swim.
Jim doesn’t know ______ ______ ______.
39. Hangzhou is very famous, because of its beautiful West Lake.
Hangzhou is ______ ______ ______ beautiful West Lake.
40. The weather in England is never too cold or too hot.
The weather in English is ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______.
41. His job is to be an assistant in a shop.
He ______ ______ ______ ______ in a shop.
42. Bruce will have to go back to Beijing next week.
Bruce will have to ______ ______ ______ next week.
43. Skating is quite different from skiing.
There are ______ ______ ______ ______ between skating and skiing,
44. He lent me a ruler last week.
I ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ last week.
45. He was too tired to walk.
He was ______ tired ______ he ______ ______.
46. Please tell me where to show our tickets.
Please tell me ______ ______ ______ ______ our tickets.
47. We will have two weeks’ holiday.
We will have a ______ holiday..
48. I don’t know how to call it in English.
I don’t know ______ Englishmen ______ it.
49. “Are you a teacher?” he said.
He asked me ______ ______ ______ ______ ______.
50. Listen! Someone is knocking at the door loudly.
Listen! ______ ______ a ______ ______ ______ the door.
51. Mary doesn’t know much about China.
Mary ______ ______ about China.
52. Don’t forget my words.
Remember ______ ______ ______.
53. His father took a plane to the USA three days ago.
Three days ago his father ______ ______ the USA.
54. He is a scientist, too.
He is ______ a scientist.
55. Every one of us had a nice time last night.
_____ of us ______ ______ last night.
56. It’s possible that she may catch a cold.
It’s ______ ______ ______ to catch a cold
57. Not all balls are round in the USA.
______ ______ are round, but ______ ______ in the USA.
58. To learn a foreign language is not easy.
______ ______ ______ ______ learn a foreign language.
59. What do you think of the TV play?
______ ______ ______ ______ the TV play?
60. Why weren’t you in the relay race?
Why ______ you ______ ______ ______ the relay race?
61. She hurried to school.
She ______ ______ school ______ ______ ______.
62. “Don’t play with the cat any more, Jim.” Mum asked.
Mum told Jim ______ ______ ______ ______ the cat any more.
63 The boy was very clever. He could make a model plane alone.
The boy was clever ______ to make a model plane ______ ______.
64. She found him a very good pupil.
She found him ______ ______ a very good pupil.
She found he ______ ______ ______ ______ ______.
65. People usually call Catherine Kate for short.
Kate ______ ______ ______ Catherine.
66. Paul is the best basketball player on the city team.
______ ______ basketball ______ ______ Paul on the city team.
67. It’s best for you to come to China in spring.
______ ______ ______ to China in spring.
68.How is the weather in Nanjing?
______ the weather ______ in Nanjing?
69.The snow was very heavy last night.
It ______ very ______ last night.
70.In much of China, spring lasts from March to May.
In ______ ______ of China, spring ______ ______ March and ______ ______
______ May.
71.Mother doesn’t let me go out alone at night.
Mother ______ me ______ ______ out alone at night.
72.Shanghai’s temperature will be 2 to 8 and there will be cloud.
Shanghai will be ______ and ______ temperature will ______ 2 to 8.
Shanghai will ______ a ______ day ______ temperature ______ 2 to 8.
73. I’m sorry to trouble you.
I’m sorry ______ ______ you.
74. The man went playing tennis in the morning and he did it every day.
The man went playing tennis in the morning and it ______ every day.
75. They were drinking happily. Just at that time, a policeman came in.
They were drinking happily______ ______ ______ ______ ______.
76. I don’t think you have to use them today.
I don’t think you ______ ______ ______ them today.
77. We are tired of his long speech.
We ______ ______ ______ ______ his long speech.
78. When she was in the park, she could hear the birds. The birds were singing
beautifully.
When she was in the park, she could hear ______ ______ ______ ______.
79. You may have the traffic accident if you don’t drive carefully.
Don’t drive ______, ______it may _______ the traffic accident.
80. Read English as often as possible.
Read English as often as ______ ______.
不变原意， 改写句子参考答案
1.feel like drinking 2.from a rich family have a dream 4.stopped, from picking
5.us to have 6.take good care of 7.So do we 8.Maybe, has 9.at the head of 10.fifteen minutes’ walk 11.without 12.what a sweet voice 13.no more 14.wasn’t able to, because, quietly 15.didn’t get, early enough to 16.you’ll fall behind 17.fastest, three 18.To his surprise, found 19.can’t afford to buy 20.he will be 21.spent, on 22.was the writer 13.busy working 24.his trouble 25.No, sick/ill 26.less, as/so difficult as 27.Is there, you like best 28.visited, for the first time 29.Either, or, can help 30.What else 31.are after us 32.No one, nearer, than 33.wait for, turn, jump the queue 34.throw, about 35.Don’t, or 36.seems to win 37.Both, and, are working here 38.how to swim 39.famous for its 40.neither too cold nor too hot 41.works as an assistant 42.return to Beijing 43.quite a few differences 44.borrowed a ruler from him 45.so, that, couldn’t walk 46.where we should show 47.two-week 48.how, call 49.if I was a teacher 50.There is, loud knock at/on 51.knows little 52.what I said 53.flew to 54.also 55.Each, enjoyed ourselves 56.possible for her 57.Some balls, some aren’t 58.It isn’t easy to 59.How do you like 60.didn’t, take part in 61.went to, in a hurry 62.not to play with 63.enough, by himself 64.to be, was a very good pupil 65.is short for 66.Nobody plays, better than/ The best, player is 67.You’d better come 68.What’s, like 69.snowed, heavily 70.most parts, starts in, goes on to 71.stops, from going 72. cloudy, its/the, be, have, cloudy, with, from 73.to disturb 74.happened 75.when a policeman came in 76.need to use 77.are fed up with 78.the birds singing beautifully 79.carelessly, or, cause 80.you can
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