It 句型归纳总结

I．It 作形式主语的句型

①  It + be +adj (kind , wise ,careless, clever …) + ofsb to do sth

Eg: It is wise of him to make such adecision.他做出这样的决定是明智的。

② It + be + adj(easy ,safe , common , normal …) + for sb todo sth

该句型中adj若为important, necessary, natural, possible, strange,vital, essential等可改为从句,从句用should+动词原形。.

Eg: It’s very dangerous for children to play withfire.

It is important for us to learn Englishwell. 

(= It is important that we (should) learn Englishwell.) 

③   It + be +V-ed( reported, believed, said,suggested…) +that 从句

该句型中：⑴若V-ed为reported, believed,said等常译为“据报道”，“据认为”，“据说”。⑵若V-ed为suggested, ordered, demanded,insisted等表示“建议”,“命令”的词，从句要用虚拟语气(should)+动词原形。

Eg: It is suggested that the book (should) berevised.

It’s said that Tom has been back from abroad.

(=Tom is said to have been back from abroad.)

④   It + be + n (a pity, a shame, afact , good news…) +that从句: 

该句型中，从句一般用(should) + 动词原形，表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟然＂。
    Eg: It is apity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class.
        这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！

⑤   It is useless/no use/no good + doing sth

此句型中的it是形式主语, 其后的动名词短语是真正的主语,译为“做…没有用”。

Eg : It useless arguing with him further.

It’s no use talking with him, because he won’t listen.

⑥ It takes sb. ... to dosth.

该句型中it是形式主语，真正的宾语是to do sth，常译为＂做．．．要花费某人．．．＂。　　

Eg: It took thousands of people many years to buildthe Great Wall.

 

II．It 作形式宾语的句型

1. sb find/ believe/ think/ feel/consider/ make + it +n/adj +to do或从句

该句型中的it 作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“6123结构”。6指主句中常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel；1 指的是形式宾语 it；2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；3 指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。

Eg: We think it our duty to clean our classroomevery day.

He felt it important learning English well.

They found it difficult that they would finishtheir work in two days.

2. 主语＋hate / dislike /love / like ＋it ＋when－从句

Eg: I hate it when people speak with their mouthsfull.

3. 主语＋appreciate＋it ＋if－从句

Eg: I really appreciate it if you could help mewith my math.

 

 

4.  sb. depend on/counton/rely on/ see to(负责，确保)/ answer for it that…

Eg: You may rely on it that he won’t be late.

   You must seeto it that the doors are locked before you leave the lab.

5.  sb. take it for grantedthat… 认为……是理所当然的

   Eg: I take it for granted that he willsucceed.

 

III.  It 引导的时间句型

⑴   It + is+ 时间段 +since引导的时间状语从句: 

该句型中从句一般用过去时态，句意为“自从......以来已多久了”

Eg : It is 5 minutes since the bus left.公汽开走已有5分钟了

⑵   It + be + 时间段 +before引导的时间状语从句:

该句型中，主句谓语动词be若为肯定式，意为“过多久才......”；若为否定式时，意为“没过多久就......”。

Eg : It will be 3 hours before he comesback.要过三个小时他才会回来

It was 3 hours before he came back. 过了三个小时他才回来

⑶   It + be + 时间点 +when引导的时间状语从句

这个句型中, it 代指时间，表示时间点的词前没有介词。

Eg : It will be Monday when he comes back.他周一的时候回来.

It was Monday when he came back. 他周一回来的.

对比：It was on Monday that he came back . (强调句)

⑷   It + is (about/high) time + (that) sbdid/should do sth

意为“该是某人做…的时候了”，about/high是用于加强语气，that从句用should或动词一般过去时表虚拟。亦可转换成 It + is+ time+(for sb )to do sth.

Eg : It’s (high/about) time (that) we handed in/should hand inour homework.

⑸   It / This / That +is+ the first(second …) time + that sb hasdone sth:

意为“这是某人第…次做…”，注意time前有序数词，主句是 is 时，从句要用现在完成时；如果主句用was ，则从句须用过去完成时。

Eg : It is the third time that I have seen thefilm.

That was the second time that I have beenthere.

 

IV． It 引导的强调句

☆强调句形式：It + is/was +被强调的部分+that/who 从句

Eg: It was last week that I met an old friend in the street.

It was because he was ill that he didn't come toschool yesterday.

(强调原因状语从句时，只能强调由because所引导的从句.)

☆判断方法：将Itis/was和that去掉，若该句是一个完整无缺的句子即为强调句.

☆常考考点：

①强调句型中的主谓一致

Eg: It is you，rather than he，that are to blame for theaccident．

②插入从句的强调句型 

Eg: It was in the restaurant where we had dinner last Sundaythat you left your wallet．

③强调句型的一般疑问句、特殊疑问句形式

一般疑问句：Is / Was it + 被强调部分+that + 句子其余部分 ?

Eg: Was it in 1933 that the Second World War brokeout?

特殊疑问句：疑问词+ be + it + that +句子其余部分?

Eg: When was it that he changed his mind to takepart in the activity？

④强调句型用于名词性从句, 尤其注意要使用陈述语序。

 Eg: I don’t know when it was thathe changed his mind to take part in the activity？

⑤not until用于强调句型

It is / was not until ＋被强调部分＋that ＋其他部分

Eg : It was not until midnight that she went backhome.

此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till和until可通用。因为句型中Itis / was not...已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句。

 

V． It其他常见用法：

It looks / appears as if ... 看起来好像……

It seems that ... 似乎……

It turns out that... 原来是……

It occurs to/strikes sb that… 突然想到……

It happened that ... 碰巧……

It doesn’t matter whether/if…无论是…没关系

It is no wonder that 难怪…

It all depends/that all depends.那得看情况

It's up to sb.由……决定，由……负责，取决于……

as it is (1)事实上，实际情况是……; (2)照原样

make it成功、做到、说定

Believe it or not.信不信由你

How did it come about that … “……怎么发生的？”

 

 

完成句子巩固练习：

1.      I was about to go to the airport when ____________________that Ihad left my passport in the living room.(occur)

我刚要出发去机场，这时我突然想起我把护照落在起居室了。

2.      You have no idea _______________________to take every chance tolive life to the fullest.(how)

你不知道，充分利用一切机会让自己的生活更加充实，这对我们来说有多重要。

3.      ________________________ China successfully sent up Shenzhou-8 intospace? (when)

中国究竟是什么时候成功发射了神舟八号的？

4.      It was the first time that I ________________, anyhow, I wasconfident of myself. (undertake)

这是我第一次承担如此重要的任务，但不管怎样，我对自己有信心。

5.      _________________________that we’ll have a three-day holiday nextmonth. (announce)

已经宣布，我们下个月将会有一个三天的假期。

6.      It has been ten years ____________________________.(join)

自从他参军以来已经有十年了。

7.      Each new way of looking at a situation improves our understandingand ________________ to discover new possibilities. (make)

每种看待事物的方式都提高我们的理解力并且使得发现新事物更容易。

8.      The professor doesn’t know __________________________ the medicinecan be tested on human patients. (before)

教授不知道还要多久才能将这种药在病人身上试验。

9.      ______________________how many of these new technologies willbecome reality. (remain)

究竟有多少新技术将成为现实还有待观察。

10. It was in the village where you once lived__________________(happen)

这起事故就发生在你曾经生活过的村庄。

11.   The informationtechnology is developing so fast ___________________what computerscan do in the next 20 years.(predict)

信息技术发展如此之快，以致于难以预测电脑在今后20年里能做些什么。

12.   He is diligent and worksefficiently and________________          he stands out in every subject.(wonder)

他学习勤奋，而且效率高，难怪他门门学科表现突出。

13.   You may _______________I will come to your assistance whenever you are in trouble.(rely)

你可以相信，无论什么时候只要你有困难，我都会来帮你。

14.   My English teachersuggested __________________ to listen to English programmes halfan hour before going to bed every day. (rule)

我的英语老师建议我养成每晚睡觉前听半个小时英语节目的习惯。

15.  You can                 thathe will never do anything that is harmful to our friendship.(depend)

你可以放心，他绝不会做任何对我们的友谊有害的事情的。 

16. You must            allthe lights are turned off before you leave yourclassroom.   (see)

你必须确保在你离开之前所有的灯都关掉了。

17.               thatremoved the bronze statue from the square of St.Petersburg ?(who)

是谁从St. Petersburg 广场移走铜像的？

18. It was the computer that broke down halfway                  forthe loss of all my files. (blame)

   是半路抛锚的汽车该为我所有文件的丢失负责任。

19. I wonder                    makeshim so successful in business. (it)

我在想是什么使他生意做得如此成功。

20. It was at the G20 meeting                     onhow to fight against pollution all over the world. (come)

  正是在二十国峰会上，许多关于全球如何抗击污染的好建议被提了出来。

213. It is completely wrong of George                allthat his parents do for him. (take)

  乔治认为父母给予他得一切都是理所当然的，这是完全错误的。

224. It was not long                  ofsmoking. (get)

   没过多久，他就染上了抽烟的习惯。

23. It is widely acknowledged that perseveranceis                todo anything well. (take)

   人们普遍认为，做好任何事情都需要毅力。

24. It’s high time that we                      tostop pollution and improve our environment. (take)

   我们真该采取措施来阻止污染，改善环境了。

25.              theSecond World War that the importance of Fleming’s discovery wasfully recognized. (until)

直到第二次世界大战，弗雷明发现的重要性才被完全认可。