2015高考非谓语动词易错题解析
1. _________________(face) with a bill for $ 10,000, John has taken an extra job.（难度0.5）
2.He hurried to the booking office only _____________（tell）that all the tickets had been sold out.（难度0.6）
3. _____________（convince ）that the government can lead them out of the financial crisis, people are optimistic about the future of the country. （难度0.5）
4.After he became conscious , he remembered ___________(attack) and_______(hit)on the head with a rod.（难度0.5）
5. Isn't it time you got down to ____________ (mark )the papers? （难度0.5）
6. I don’t know whether you happen_______________(hear) it, but I am going to study in the United States this September.（难度1）
7. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent ______________________ (launch) at the end of last March. （难度0.9）
8. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there _____________ (train) for a space flight. （难度0.5）
9. __ (say) that she didn’t do a good job, I don’t think I am abler than her. （难度0.9）
10. She wants her paintings ___________ (display) in the gallery, but we don t think they would be very popular. （难度0.6）
11. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ______________ (water) every day. （难度0.6）
12. I feel greatly honored _________________(welcome) into their society. （难度0.7）
13. _______________(wait) in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. （难度0.8）
14. _________ (search) the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about firefighting. （难度0.6）
15. I hear they’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention __________________(promote) when we talked on the phone. （难度0.7）
16. ___________(show) around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. （难度0.7）
17. ___________ (fail) to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead. （难度0.6）
18. He was busy writing a story, only _____________(stop) once in a while to smoke a cigarette. （难度0.8）
19. If we have illegal immigrants ___________(come) in, many local workers will lose their jobs. （难度0.8）
20. Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, ____________ (help) reduce unemployment pressures.（难度0.6）
21. The government plans to bring in new laws ____________ (force) parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children. （难度0.6）
22. There is a great deal of evidence ______________ (indicate) that music activities engage different parts of the brain. （难度0.5）
23.In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained _______________(stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. （难度0.8）
24. Dina,_______________________(struggle) for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency. （难度0.6）
25. I have a lot of readings __________________(complete) before the end of this term. （难度0.5）
26. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ______________(lay) for a meal to be cooked. （难度0.5）
27．In many people’s opinion，that company，though relatively small, is pleasant _____________(deal with). （难度0.7）
28. The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _________________(weigh) less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. （难度0.7）
【答案及解析】
1. Faced: 面对1万美元的账单，约翰找了份额外的工作。Faced with a bill for $ 10,000，是过去分词作原因状语，相当于(As he was) faced with a bill for $ 10,000, John has taken an extra job. 固定结构be faced with(面对)。
2. to be told: 他匆匆忙忙去预售票办公室，仅被告知票已售完。only+to do sth不定式作结果状语。he与tell是被动关系，故用only to be told 。only放在不定式前面，常表示不愉快或出乎人们的意料的结果。又如：She got there only to be told that they had gone on holiday. 她到达那里，被告知他们度假去了。
3. Convinced: 人们相信政府能带领他们走出金融危机，所以他们对国家的未来很乐观。sb. be convinced that…意为“某人被说服……；某人相信……”，为固定搭配。句中convinced以及其后的从句作状语，相当于：As people are convinced that the government can lead them out of the financial crisis, …
4. having been attacked/being attacked; hit：remember+doing/having done sth.记得做过了某事。强调attack在became之前做了，且是被动。
5. marking：get down to doing sth.开始做某事，to是介词。
6. to have heard：我不知道你是否已碰巧听见，但今年九月我准备去美国读书了。固定搭配happen to do sth. 不定式动词hear在know之前已经发生，故用to have heard。句子分析：主(I )+ 谓动(don't know)+ 宾从( whether you happen to have heard it)，but(并列连词, 连接两个分句) I'm going to study in the USA this September.
7. having been launched：这个国家已经发射了三艘无人驾驶飞船，最近一艘是在去年三月底。此题考查独立主格结构。因为已经发射了所以要用完成时态，而逗号后面没有连词连接句子，所以逗号后面的成份要用非谓语，飞船是被发射。
8. to be trained：send sb to do sth 派/让sb 做sth，train 和主语he 是被动关系所以用被动语态。
9. Having said：say先于think完成，say与I是主动关系。
10. displayed：want sth. done结构。paintings被displayed（展示）。
11. watered：unless watered every day=unless they(the flowers) are watered。
12. to be welcomed：注意结构feel/be honored to do sth.很荣幸去做某事，I被welcome，故用被动结构。
13. Having waited：强调wait在realize之前一直在做，wait与the old man是主动关系。
14. Search：搜索一下你们城市的消防部门网站，你对灭火知识就会了解很多。祈使句，连词and连接前后两个并列句。又如：Use your head, and you’ll find a way.
15. having been promoted：我听说他们已经提拔了汤姆，但是当我们（我和汤姆）在电话里交谈时，他没有提到已经被提拔/晋升（这件事）。固定搭配mention doing sth，意思是“提到/提及做过某事”， 没有mention to do sth短语。he和promote之间为被动关系，所以必须用被动结构being done，且be promoted这个动作当时已经发生，所以用其完成形式having been done即having been promoted。
16. Having been shown：在被领着参观了水立方之后我们被带去参观鸟巢。参观水立方是在参观鸟巢之前，所以应该用现在分词的完成式，也就是having done的形式，既要体现完成having done，又要体现被动be done ，所以合在一起就构成了分词的完成被动式having been done指的是先前已经被做的事。
17. Having failed：由于打给他们的电话无法接通，我们转而发送了一份邮件。fail先于send完成，也就是Since we had failed to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.
18. stopping：他忙于写一个故事，只是偶尔停下来吸根烟。此题考查非谓语动词做伴随状语。可转成…and he only stopped once in a while to smoke a cigarette.伴随状语一般可以转成一个独立分句。
19. coming：如果我们让非法移民（不断/持续）涌入，很多本地工人将会失业。此题考查have作为使役动词的用法。现在分词coming做使役动词have的宾语补足语时，一则表明宾语（illegal immigrants）和宾补动词come的主动关系，二则表明宾补动词所表示的动作持续进行。
20. to help：句子结构是Schools are expected to hire graduates to help reduce unemployment pressures. "to help…”是目的状语，almost three times the number hired last year是插入语。
21. forcing：政府计划引入新的法律，(新的法律)迫使家长承担更多起其孩子教育的责任。此题考查非谓语动词做后置定语的用法，可转成…new laws that force parents to…。如果采用不定式to force，则理解成“政府计划引入新的法律以迫使家长承担更多起其孩子教育的责任。”根据句意，“迫使家长承担更多孩子教育的责任”的逻辑主语应该是laws，而不是the government。
22. indicating：有大量证据表明，音乐可以使大脑不同部分都参与到活动中。Indicating that music…是后置定语，可转成定语从句…evidence which indicates that music…
23.stuck：由于火山灰的原因，四月份仍有成千上万的度假者滞留在国外。remain用作连系动词，接过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态或已经发生的被动动作。这里stuck意思是被困，因此要用被动的形式，过去分词。
24.Having struggled：迪娜，在挣扎了几个月仍旧找不到一份饭店服务员的工作之后，终于接受被聘为附近的一家广告公司的职员。现在分词的完成式表示其动作在谓语动词的动作之前已完成，从语境我们知道迪娜“找一份饭店服务员的工作”在took之前已结束，故用现在分词的完成式。
25. to complete：在这个学期结束之前，我还有很多阅读材料需要完成。句型sb have/has/had something to do,固定搭配。主语是I，是"I"去完成，所以要用主动形式。如果说是readings做主语：A lot of readings have to be completed.这样才能用被动。也可以说complete前省略了for me：I have a lot of readings for me to complete before the end of this term. 又如：I have much homework to do./I have an apple to eat.
26.laid：客厅又干净又整洁，餐桌已经放好了，准备放做好的的饭菜。此处是过去分词短语作后置定语，含有被动的意思。laid为lay 过去分词，含有“被放置”之意。
27.to deal with：在很多人看来，那个公司虽然小，和他们做起生意来倒也很愉快。is pleasant to do···表示“做···是令人愉快的”，于是在A和C之间选择。is pleasant to deal with 是用来修饰 that company的，当不定式与被修饰的名词是逻辑上的被动关系时，则用主动表被动，句子中的意思是“公司被处理”，所以不选C
28.weighing：交通法规规定，4岁以下并且少于40磅的小孩必须坐在儿童安全座位上。under the age of four and weighing less than 40 pounds是两个并列定语，修饰children。 weigh表示“重达” 概念时，用主动形式且直接加重量：The child weighs less than 40 pounds. 因此，作为非谓语定语修饰children时用weighing。
