请问这两者有什么区别吗？
be going to 与 be doing 都可以表示将来时，对于未来的计划安排意图。
请问这两者有什么区别吗？
A:be going to 是一种固定结构，它后面要接动词原形有“准备；打算”的意思。其主要用法可归纳为一下几种情况
(1)表示事先经过考虑，按计划或安排好打算要发生的动作或者要做的事情，有“准备；打算”的意思。具有主观意图且一般都能付诸实施，其主语通常是表示人的名词也可是事物名词。
We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon.
今天下午我们打算开班会。
There is going to be a film in our school this evening.
今晚我们学校将有一场电影。（一定会发生）
(2)表示根据目前某种迹象主观判断或推测将要或即将发生的事情或某事非常有可能发生。此时主语可以是人，也可以是物。
Look at the black clouds. It is going to rain.
看那些乌云，快要下雨了。
I”m not feeling well, I am going to be ill.
我感觉不是很好，可能要生病了。
Hurry up! We are going to be late.
快点！我们要迟到了。
(B) be doing 是进行时态的谓语结构,在英语里,进行时态都可以表将来时态.其归纳为以下2种情况:
(1) 用现在进行时表一般将来时,限于动词,come go arrive start die等，表示即将发生的一个动作.
The president is starting his state visit to Mexico Friday.
Which hotel are you staying in when you are in Tel Auiu?
Miss Sun is coming tonight.
They are going to the park next Friday.
(2)用来表示安排好要做的事情(用现在进行是结构表一般将来时含义)通常适用于下列动词,（do;give;have;leave;leave for;move;play;return;ride;sail;see;set forth;set off;set out;start;start for;stay;travel;visit;wear ,以上动词也可以用过去进行时来表达过去将来时。）
They are leaving tommorrow.
The foreign teacher is arriving on Monday.
Miss Sun is coming tonight.
They are going to the park next Friday.
4；天涯问答 http://wenda.tianya.cn/question/5223e9b91884ccae
1.will+动词原形，。
现在进行时表示将来，主要用于表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。常有“意图”“安排”或“打算”的含义。这种现在进行时比较生动，给人一种期待感。 它常表最近或较近的将来，所用动词多是转移动词。 表将来的现在进行时除用于转移动词外，亦可用于某些非转移动词。能这样用的动词常用的有：arrive, come, do, get, go, have, leave, meet, play, return, see, spend, start, stay, wear, work 等。
如：I’m leaving tomorrow. 我明天走。They’re getting married next month. 他们下个月结婚。Are you meeting Bill this evening? 你今晚将和比尔见面吗?
1) come, go, stay, arrive, leave 等词的现在进行时经常用来表示将来确切的计划。
2) 表示交通方式、行程安排的动词，例如 fly，walk, ride, drive, take(a bus, a taxi)等的现在进行时也经常用于表示将来。
如：但偶尔也表示较远的将来。如：
When I grow up, I’m joining the army. 我长大了要参军。
3）表将来的现在进行时有时含有“决心”的意思，多用在否定结构中。如：
I’m not going. 我不走了。
I’m not waiting any longer. 我不再等了。
有时也用在肯定结构中。如：
I’m backing out. 我要打退堂鼓了。
4）用这种现在进行时与对方讲话时可变成命令，不过语气比较温和。如：
You are staying. 你留下吧。
Don’t forget: you are taking part too. 不要忘记：你也要参加。
5）现在进行时也可在时间、条件或原因状语从句中表示将来。如：
when you are passing my way, please drop in. 你什么时候路过我们家，请进来坐。（用于时间状语从句）
If they are not doing it, what I am I to do? 如果他们不干，那我该怎么办？（用于条件状语从句）
She is going to the dentist tomorrow because she is having a tooth filled.
6）表示将来的现在进行时也可用在间接引语中，表示说话人相信它将是事实。如：
He said he is going tomorrow. 他说他明天走。
表将来的现在进行时有时从属于将来时态。如：
On election night we’ll be telling you what’s happening in various places in this country. 到了选举的夜晚，我们将把全国各地的情况告诉大家。
when I have time, I’ll come down to the school to see how you’re both doing. 我有空时，会来学校看你们俩的学习情况。
㈡ 现在进行时考查热点及应对方法
现在进行时是时态的重要内容，通过初中的学习，我们知道它一般表示此时此刻正在进行的动作，然而对现在进行时的掌握还要把握以下几个要点：
一、考查现在进行时表目前这段时间正在进行的动作
考点说明：现在进行时可表目前这段时间正在进行，但此时此刻不在进行的动作。
1. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _______ so rapidly.
A. is changingB. has changedC. will have changedD. will change
答案为A。认真分析语境可知，该句虽不强调科技此时此刻正在发展，但却强调现阶段正高速发展，因此应使用现在进行时。
2. Rainforests _______ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.
A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut
答案为C。热带雨林之所以要消失，是因为现阶段正在被快速砍伐和烧毁，尽管此时此刻不一定有人在这样做，因此应用现在进行时的被动语态。
方法揭秘：认真分析语境，体会出动作此刻不在进行，但目前这段时间正在进行。
二、考查现在进行时表一贯性动作的用法
考点说明：现在进行时与always, constantly等副词连用时，可表反复性、一贯性动作，常用来表示赞扬或厌恶的感情色彩。
3. He_______ of how he can do more for the people.
A. had always thought B. is always thinking
C. has always been thoughtD. thinking always
解析：答案为B。由语境逻辑及always含义可知，该句表示他总是在考虑如何为人们多做点事，这是一个一贯性、反复性动作，带有强烈的赞扬色彩，因此应用现在进行时。
方法揭秘：寻找always,constantly等频度副词；认真分析语境是否表示一贯性动作；分析讲话者是否对该动作含有赞扬或厌恶的感情色彩。
三、考查现在进行时表即将发生动作的用法
考点说明：come，go，leave，arrive，start，fly，drive等严格按照时间表发生的表"起、止"的动词可用现在进行时代替一般将来时。
4. I want to know when he _______ for New York tomorrow.
A. has left B. is leavingC. had left D. has been leaving
解析：答案为B。分析语境逻辑可知，该空表将来动作，因为leave表"出发"，可用现在进行时代替一般将来时。
方法揭秘：分析语境是否表将来动作，动词是否表起止。
在正式的英语语法里，用现在进行时表示一般将来时用来表示按计划近期内即将发生的动作．例如：
We are meeting him after the performance.
I'm going to Qingdao for the summer holiday.
When is Mr Manning taking his holiday?
用现在进行时表示一般将来时的用法海常见于某些时间状语分句核条件状语分句中．例如：
I'll think about it while you're writing the report.
When you are talking with him,take care not to mention this.
注意，用现在进行时表示一般将来时，在句中或上下文通常有表示将来时间的状语或其他依据，否则意义便含糊不清．
比较：
Are you doing anything special tonight?(表示将来)
Are you doing anything special now?（表示说话时正在进行的动作）
Are you doing anything special ?（可作以上两种解释，以上下文而定）
现在进行时还可表示将来，主要用于表示按计划或安排要发生的动作。
如：I’m leaving tomorrow. 我明天走。
They’re getting married next month. 他们下个月结婚。
Are you meeting Bill this evening? 你今晚将和比尔见面吗?
能这样用的动词不多，常用的有：arrive, come, do, get, go, have, leave, meet, play, return, see, spend, start, stay, wear, work 等。顺便说一句，我们除可用现在进行时表将来外，还可用一般现在时表将来，两者的区别是：用现在进行时表示将来，其计划性较强，并往往暗示一种意图；而一般现在时表示将来，则其客观性较强，即通常被视为客观事实，多指按时刻表或规定要发生的情况。
比较：I’m not going out this evening. 今晚我不准备出去。
What time does the train leave? 火车什么时候开? 火车什么时候开?
如果主语是train, concert, programme 等表示事物的名词，动词通常一般现在时表将来，而不用进行时。如：What time does the train leave? 火车什么时候开?The program begins at 4. 这个节目四点开始。
练一练！
1. Betty __________(leave) for Guangzhou by plane at 3 this afternoon. Her brother Bob _________(see) her off. It’s half past one now. They____________ (wait) for a taxi outside the school gate.
2. The Browns __________ (go) to the North China by train next week. They _________ (stay) in Beijing for a week. They ________(go) to Xi’an. They ____________(get) there by air.
3. Some friends___________ (come) to Anne’s birthday party this evening. Anne’s mother ___ (be) busy ______ (get) ready for the birthday dinner. Anne _________(help) her mother now.
is leaving, is seeing, are waiting, are going, are staying, are going, are getting, are coming, is… getting, is helping
注意！
另外，表示将来的动作或状态，还可用以下几种形式：
① will / shall＋动词原形
I shall be seventeen years old next month.
② be going to＋动词原形：表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。
We are going to have a meeting today．
③be to＋动词原形：表示按计划要发生的事或征求对方意见。
Are we to go on with this work?
④be about to＋动词原形，表示即将发生的动作，不与表示将来的时间状语连用。
I was about to go swimming when my guide shouted at me and told me not to do so.
我正要去游泳，这时向导大声叫我不要去。
⑤ be ＋动词的ing形式：表示按计划或安排要发生的事, 含义是 “预定要……” 这一结构常用趋向动词 go, arrive, come , leave, start, stay , return 和 play , do , have , work, wear, spend , see, meet等 。
--- When are you going off for your holiday?
你什么时候动身去度假?
--- My plane is taking off at 9:20, so I must be at the airport by 8:30.
我乘坐的飞机将于9:20分起飞, 所以我必须在8:30之前赶到机场.
⑥一般现在时表示将来时
(1)按规定预计要发生的未来动作,仅限于动词come, go, leave, move, start, return, arrive, begin, stay等动词.
The plane takes off at 10:10. That is , it’s leaving in ten minutes.
(2)用在状语从句中用一般现在时代替将来时
If you do that again, I’ll hit you.
(3)用在I bet 和I hope后面, 常用一般现在时表将来.
I bet you don’t get up before ten tomorrow.
我敢说你明天不到10点是不会起床的.
⑦单纯叙述未来的事实，可以用将来进行时，也可表示按计划安排将来要执行的动作。
实例：
At this time tomorrow __ B ____ over the Atlantic.（2003北京）
A. we’re going to fly B. we’ll be flying
C. we’ll fly D. we're to fly
练习题
1. ---Did you write to Grace last summer?
---No, but I'll ______ her over Christmas vacation.
A. be seen B. have seen C. be seeing D. to see
2. ---I’m going to the States?
---How long ___ you___ in the States?
A. are; stayed B. are; staying C. have; stayed D. did; stay
3. I’ve won a holiday for two weeks to Florida. I ____ my mum.
A.am taking B. have taken
C. take D. will have taken
4. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy take because technology ____ so rapidly.
A.will change B. has changed
C. will have changedD. is changing
5. --- You’ve left the light on.
---Oh, I have. ___ and turn it off.
A.I goB. I’ve gone
C. I’ll goD. I’m going
6. --- Is this raincoat yours?.
---No, mine____ there behind the door.
A.is hangingB. has hung
C. hangs D. hung
7. --- What’s that terrible noise?
---The neighbours____ for a party.
A.have prepared B. are preparing
C. prepare D. will prepare
8. Because the shop ____, all the T-shirts are sold at half prices.
A.has closed down B. closed down
C. is closing down D. had closed down
9. --- Can I join the club, Dad?
--- You can when you ___ a bit old.
A.get B. will get C. are gettingD. will have got
10. I feel it is your husband who ___ for the spoiled child.
A.is to blameB. is going to blame
C. is to be blamedD. should blame
11. At this time tomorrow, ____ over the Atlantic.
A.we’re going to fly B. we’ll be flying
C. we’ll flyD. we’re to fly
12. ---Are you still busy?
--- Yes, I my work, and it won’t take long.
A.just finishB. am just finishing
C. have just finishedD. am just going to finish
13. ---Did you tell Julia about the result?
--- Oh, no, I forgot. I ____ her now.
A.will be calling B. will call
C. call D. am to call
14. ---What are you going to do this afternoon?
--- I’m going to the cinema with some friends. The film ___ quite early, so we ___ to the bookstore after that.
A.finished; are going B. finished; go
C. finishes; are going D. finishes; go
答案：1—5 CBADC 6—10 ABCAA 11—14 BBBC
现在进行时表示将来动作
1）现在进行时还常可用来表示将来的动作，特别是在口语中，这时常有一个表示未来时间的状语，多指已计划安排好的事：
I’m meeting Peter tonight. He’s taking me to the theatre.今晚我要和彼得见面，他将带我去看戏。
I’m flying to Hond Kong tomorrow. 我明天飞香港。
I’m not going out tonight. I’m staying at home. 今晚我不出去，我要待在家里。
When is Helen coming home? 海伦什么时候回家？
They’re getting married next month. 他们下月结婚。
They’re spending the summer at Switzerland. 他们准备在瑞士过夏天。
［注］在以事物作主语时多用一般现在时表示按时间安排的活动：
The train leaves at 9:30. 火车九点半开。
The fashion show starts at 7. 时装表演七点开始的。
The progarmme begins at 10. 这个节目十点开始。
以人为主语时，多用现在进行时表示计划要做的事:
Nancy isn’t coming to the party. 南希不来参加晚会了。
2）现在进行时也可用在时间和条件从句中表示未来情况：
You must visit Switzerland when you are travelling in Europe. 你在欧洲旅行时一定要访问瑞士。
If she’s still waiting, tell her to go home. 如果她还在等，可以让她回家。
You can do some reading while you are waiting for the train. 你等火车时可以看看书。
Suppose it’s still raining tomorrow, shall we go?假定明天还在下雨，我们要去吗?
3）be going to结构表示：
a．准备或打算做某事：
Is he going to lecture in Englsih or in Chinese? 他打算用英语还是用汉语讲课？
He’s going to be a dentist when he grows up. 他长大了打算当牙医。
What are you going to do when you get your degree?你拿了学位后打算干什么？
He’s going to buy a new car. 他准备买一辆新车。
She is not going to be there tonight. 她今晚不准备到那里。
b．即将发生的事或要发生的事:
My cousin is going to have a baby. 我表姐要生孩子了。
Amy is going to leave soon, isn’t she? 艾米不久就要走了，是吗？
I’m going to be sick. 我要病倒了。
There’s going to be a thunderstorm. 雷雨即将与来临。
It’s going to be warm tomorrow. 明天天气会很暖和。
在这种结构后也可跟go，come这类词：
Where are you going to go during the holiday? 假期你准备去哪里？
They’re going to come with me. 他们准备和我一道去。
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