勃兰登堡君主列表

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This article lists the Margraves and Electors of Brandenburg during the period of time that Brandenburg was a constituent state of the Holy Roman Empire.

The Mark, or March, of Brandenburg was one of the primary constituent states of the Holy Roman Empire. It was created in 1157 as the Margraviate of Brandenburg by Albert the Bear, Margrave of the Northern March. In 1356, by the terms of the Golden Bull of Charles IV, the Margrave of Brandenburg was given the permanent right to participate in the election of the Holy Roman Emperor with the title of Elector (German: Kurfürst).

The early rulers came from several different dynasties, but from 1415 Brandenburg and its successor states were ruled by the House of Hohenzollern for over 500 years. The titles of Margrave of Brandenburg and Elector of Brandenburg were abolished along with the the Holy Roman Empire in 1806. However the Hohenzollern-ruled state based in Berlin continued under the name of the Kingdom of Prussia (the Hohenzollerns had been kings in Prussia since 1701 and Kings of Prussia since 1772.) From 1871 to 1918 the Hohenzollerns were also the German Emperors.

勃兰登堡藩侯 Margraves of Brandenburg

Ascanian Dynasty

NameReignComments

阿尔布雷希特一世

Albert I1157–1170Ruler of the Nordmark from 1134. Called "Albert the Bear".

奥托一世

Otto I1170–1184Son of Albert I. Ruled together with his father from 1144.

奥托二世

Otto II1184–1205Son of preceding.

阿尔布雷希特二世

Albert II1205–1220Brother.

约翰一世

John I 奥托三世

Otto III

1220–1266 1220-1267

Co-rulers, sons of Albert II.

From 1266 to 1319, Brandenburg was held by the two lines of Brandenburg-Stendal and Brandenburg-Salzwedel, all of whom jointly shared the title of Margrave.

Brandenburg-StendalBrandenburg-Salzwedel

Co-rulers, sons of John I:

约翰二世

John II, 1266-1282 康拉德

Conrad, 1266-1304 奥托四世

Otto IV, 1266-1308 亨利一世

Henry I, 1266-1318

Co-rulers, sons of Otto III:

约翰三世 John III, 1267-1268 奥托五世 Otto V, 1267-1298 奥托六世 Otto VI, 1267-1291 阿尔布雷希特三世 Albert III, 1267-1300

Co-rulers:

瓦尔德马

Waldemar, 1308-1319, son of Conrad 亨利二世

Henry II, 1319-1320, son of Henry I

Co-rulers:

赫尔曼 Herman, 1298-1308 (alone from 1300) 约翰五世 John V, 1308-1317

After the extinction of the Ascanian dynasty in 1320, Brandenburg came under the control of the Emperor Louis IV of the House of Wittelsbach, who granted Brandenburg to his eldest son, Louis V of Bavaria.

Wittelsbach Dynasty

NameReignComments

路德维希一世

Louis I "the Brandenburger"1323–1351Cousin of Henry II, Son of Emperor Louis IV.

路德维希二世

Louis II "the Roman".1351–1356Half-brother of preceding; named Elector in 1356.

勃兰登堡选侯 Electors of Brandenburg

维特尔斯巴赫王朝 Wittelsbach Dynasty

ImageNameBeganEndedComments

-路德维希二世

Louis II

Ludwig II10 January 135617 May 1365First Elector of Brandenburg. Called "the Roman"

-奥托五世

Otto VII17 May 136518 August 1373Brother of preceding. Co-ruler of Brandenburg with his brother from 1351, but as a minor (b. 1346) took no part in administration until his brother's death. Abdicated 1373 but retained Electoral title. Died 1379.

卢森堡王朝 Luxemburg Dynasty

ImageNameBeganEndedComments

瓦茨拉夫四世

Wenceslaus

Wenzel2 October 137329 November 1378Emperor Charles IV forced the last Wittelsbach Elector to abdicate, and then installed his own son, Wenceslaus. As Wenceslaus was still a minor (b. 1361), the Emperor administered the margraviate for him.

西吉斯蒙德

Sigismund29 November 13781388Younger brother of Wenceslaus; took control of Brandenburg on his brother's ascension as King of Germany and Bohemia. Gave up Brandenburg to his cousin Jobst as security for a substantial loan.

约伯斯特

Jobst138816 January 1411Sigismund's first cousin, nephew of Charles IV. Elected as German King in 1410 in opposition to Sigismund, but died very shortly afterwards.

西吉斯蒙德

Sigismund16 January 141130 April 1415Following Jobst's death, Sigismund regained control of Brandenburg and was elected undisputed King of Germany.

霍亨索伦王朝 Hohenzollern Dynasty

ImageNameBeganEndedComments

腓特烈一世

Frederick I

Friedrich I30 April 141520 September 1440Originally Burgrave of Nuremberg. Appointed by King Sigismund in 1415 and enfeoffed in 1417. His eldest son John the Alchemist administered Brandenburg as Margrave from 1425 to 1437, but Frederick retained the Electorship.

腓特烈二世

Frederick II

Friedrich II20 September 144010 February 1471Son of Frederick I. Called "Irontooth" (German: Eisenzahn). Administered Brandenburg from 1437 and became Elector on his father's death in 1440.

阿尔布雷希特三世·阿基里斯

Albert III Achilles

Albrecht III Achilles10 February 147111 March 1486Brother.

约翰·西塞罗

John Cicero

Johann Cicero11 March 14869 January 1499Son.

约阿希姆一世

Joachim I Nestor9 January 149911 July 1535Son. His younger brother, Albert was co-Margrave 1499-1513, but only Joachim was Elector.

约阿希姆二世

Joachim II Hector11 July 15353 January 1571Son. First Protestant Elector of Brandenburg.

约翰·格奥尔格

John George

Johann Georg3 January 15718 January 1598Son.

约阿希姆·腓特烈

Joachim Frederick

Joachim Friedrich8 January 159828 July 1608Son.

约翰·西吉斯蒙德

John Sigismund

Johann Sigismund28 July 16083 November 1619Son. Duke of Prussia from 1618.

格奥尔格·威廉

George William

Georg Wilhelm3 November 16191 December 1640Son. Ruled during the Thirty Years' War. Also Duke of Prussia.

腓特烈·威廉一世

Frederick William I

Friedrich Wilhelm I1 December 16409 May 1688Son. Called "the Great Elector". Also Duke of Prussia.

腓特烈三世

Frederick III

Friedrich III9 May 168825 February 1713Son. "King in Prussia" as Frederick I from 1701; from here the ordinals reset

腓特烈·威廉二世

Frederick William II

Friedrich Wilhelm II25 February 171331 May 1740Son. King in Prussia. Called "the Soldier-King".

腓特烈四世

Frederick IV

Friedrich IV31 May 174017 August 1786Son. King in Prussia to 1772; after annexations of Polish Prussian territory, "King of Prussia". Called "Frederick the Great".

腓特烈·威廉三世

Frederick William III

Friedrich Wilhelm III17 August 178616 November 1797Nephew. king of Prussia.

腓特烈·威廉四世

Frederick William IV

Friedrich Wilhelm IV16 November 17976 August 1806Son. King of Prussia and last Elector of Brandenburg. The Holy Roman Empire was dissolved in 1806, after which Frederick William ruled as independent King of Prussia (including Brandenburg) to his death in 1840.

扩展阅读：

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Brandenburg