托斯卡纳统治者列表
本资料来源于中英文维基百科
The rulers of Tuscany have varied over time, sometimes being margraves, the rulers of handfuls of border counties and sometimes the heads of the most important family of the region.
托斯卡纳伯爵 Margraves of Tuscany, 812–1197
House of Boniface These were originally counts of Lucca who extended their power over the neighbouring counties.
卜尼法斯一世 Boniface I, 812-813 卜尼法斯二世 Boniface II, 828-834 阿加努斯 Aganus, 835-845 阿德尔伯特一世 Adalbert I, 847-886 阿德尔伯特二世 Adalbert II the Rich, 886-915 居伊 Guy, 915-929 兰伯特 Lambert, 929-931 House of Boso These were the (mostly illegitimate) relatives of Hugh of Arles, King of Italy, whom he appointed to their post after removing the dynasty of Boniface
博索 Boso, 931-936 亨伯特 Humbert, 936-961 伟大的休 Hugh the Great, 961-1001
Various
卜尼法斯(三世) Boniface (III), 1004-1011 雷尼尔 Rainier, 1014-1027
House of Canossa
These were the descendants of the Counts of Canossa. 卜尼法斯三世 Boniface III, 1027-1052 弗雷德里克 Frederick, 1052-1055 马蒂尔达 Matilda, 1052-1115 巴尔德比阿特丽斯 Beatrice of Bar, 1052-1055 (regent as mother of Frederick and Mathilda) 大胡子戈弗雷 Godfrey the Bearded, Duke of Lower Lorraine, 1053-1069 (regent as husband of Beatrice and step-father to Frederick and Matilda) 驼背的戈弗雷 Godfrey the Hunchback, Duke of Lower Lorraine, 1069-1076 (regent as husband of Matilda) 韦尔夫二世 Welf II, 1089-1095 (co-regent as husband of Matilda)
Various
康拉德·冯·斯切埃伦 Conrad von Scheiern, 1120-1127 斯蓬海姆的恩格尔贝特三世 Engelbert III of Sponheim, 1135-1137 骄傲的亨利，巴伐利亚公爵 Henry the Proud, Duke of Bavaria, 1137-1139 艾登斯的乌尔里克 Ulrich of Attems, 1139-1152 (imperial vicar) 韦尔夫四世 Welf VI, 1152-1160 韦尔夫五世 Welf VII, 1160-1167 达塞尔的雷纳德 Rainald of Dassel, Archbishop of Cologne, 1160-1163 (imperial vicar) 布赫的克里斯蒂安 Christian of Buch, Archbishop of Mainz 1163-1173 (imperial vicar) 韦尔夫六世 Welf VI, 1167-1173 菲利普 Philip, 1195-1197
After this, Tuscany was splintered between the competing republics of Florence, Pisa, Siena, Arezzo, Pistoia ad Lucca. In the 15th century, Florence gained dominance over the others.
佛罗伦萨的统治者 Rulers of Florence, 1434-1569
美第奇家族事实上的统治者 De facto rulers of the House of Medici, 1434-1531
科西莫·德·美第奇 Cosimo de' Medici 1434-1464 皮耶罗一世·德·美第奇，痛风者 Piero I de' Medici 1464-1469 ("The Gouty") 洛伦佐·德·美第奇，华丽者 Lorenzo I de' Medici 1469-1492 ("The Magnificent") 朱利亚诺·德·美第奇 Giuliano de' Medici 1469-1478 皮耶罗二世·德·美第奇，不幸者 Piero II de' Medici 1492-1494 美第奇家族被驱逐，佛罗伦萨恢复共和制 Republic restored 1494-1512 乔凡尼·德·美第奇 Cardinal Giovanni de' Medici 1512-1513 洛伦佐二世·德·美第奇 Lorenzo II de' Medici 1513-1519 朱利奥·德·美第奇 Cardinal Giulio de' Medici 1519-1523 伊波利托·德·美第奇 Ippolito de' Medici 1523-1527 亚历山德罗·德·美第奇 Alessandro de' Medici 1523-1527 佛罗伦萨恢复共和制 Republic restored 1527-1530 亚历山德罗·德·美第奇 Alessandro de' Medici 1530-1531 佛罗伦萨公爵 Dukes of Florence, 1531-1569
#NameStartedEndedRelationship with predecessor(s)
1亚历山德罗·德·美第奇
Alessandro1 May 15326 January 1537
2科西莫一世
Cosimo I20 September 153721 August 1569fourth cousin of Alessandro
托斯卡纳大公-美第奇王朝 Medici Grand Dukes of Tuscany, 1569-1737
#NameStartedEndedRelationship with predecessor(s)
1科西莫一世
Cosimo I21 August 156921 April 1574
2弗朗切斯科一世
Francesco I21 April 157419 October 1587son of Cosimo I
3斐迪南一世
Ferdinando I19 October 15877 February 1609brother of Francesco I
son of Cosimo I
4科西莫二世
Cosimo II7 February 160928 February 1621son of Ferdinando I
5斐迪南二世
Ferdinando II28 February 162123 May 1670son of Cosimo II
6科西莫三世
Cosimo III23 May 167031 October 1723son of Ferdinando II
7吉安·加斯托内
Gian Gastone31 October 17239 July 1737son of Cosimo III
哈布斯堡-洛林王朝 Habsburg-Lorraine Grand Dukes of Tuscany, 1737-1801
#NameStartedEndedRelationship with predecessor(s)
8弗朗切斯科二世
Francesco II Stefano12 July 173718 August 1765great-great-great-grandson of Francesco I
9皮特罗·利奥波多一世
Pietro Leopoldo I18 August 176522 July 1790second son of Francesco II Stefano
10斐迪南三世
Ferdinando III22 July 17903 August 1801second son of Pietro Leopoldo I
伊特鲁里亚国王 Bourbon Kings of Etruria, 1801-1807
#NameStartedEndedRelationship with predecessor(s)
1路易吉
Ludovico I3 August 180127 May 1803Grandson of Francisco II Stefano
2卡洛·路易吉
Carlo Ludovico II27 May 180310 December 1807son of Ludovico I
Tuscany was annexed by France, 1807-1814. Napoleon's sister Elisa Bonaparte was given the honorary title of Grand Duchess of Tuscany, but did not actually rule over the region.
哈布斯堡-洛林王朝 Habsburg-Lorraine Grand Dukes of Tuscany, 1814-1860
#NameStartedEndedRelationship with predecessor(s)
10斐迪南三世
Ferdinando III27 April 181418 June 1824(restored)
11利奥波多二世
Leopoldo II18 June 182421 July 1859son of Ferdinando III
12斐迪南四世
Ferdinando IV21 July 185922 March 1860son of Leopoldo II
Leopoldo II was driven from Tuscany by revolution from 21 February to 12 April 1849, and again on 27 April 1859. He abdicated in favor of his son, Ferdinando IV, on 21 July 1859, but Ferdinando IV was never recognized in Tuscany, and was deposed by the provisional government on 16 August. Tuscany was annexed by Piedmont-Sardinia, on 22 March 1860.
托斯卡纳大公家族族长 Titular Habsburg-Lorraine claimants, 1860-present
斐迪南四世 Ferdinand IV 1860-1908 约瑟夫·斐迪南 Joseph Ferdinand 1908-1921 彼得·斐迪南 Peter Ferdinand 1921-1948 戈特弗里德 Gottfried 1948-1984 利奥波德·弗朗茨 Leopold Franz 1984-1993 西吉斯蒙德 Sigismund 1993-Present
扩展阅读：
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duke_of_Florencehttp://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/?????ˉ????o3?¤§???
