冠状动脉解剖

冠状动脉 Coronary Arteries: Branches

Some of the arteries that extend from the main coronary arteries include:

• 右冠状动脉 Right Coronary Artery - Supplies oxygenated blood to the walls of the ventricles and the right atrium.
  
  

• 后室间支，亦称后降支 Posterior Descending Artery - Supplies oxygenated blood to the inferior wall of the left ventricle and the inferior portion of the septum.

• 左冠状动脉 Left Main Coronary Artery - Directs oxygenated blood to the left anterior descending artery and the left circumflex. 
  
  

• 左前降支 也称前室间支 Left Anterior Descending Artery - Supplies oxygenated blood to the anterior portion of the septum as well as to the walls of the ventricles and the left atrium (front region of the heart). 
  
  

• 旋支 Left Circumflex Artery - Supplies oxygenated blood to the walls of the ventricles and the left atrium (back region of the heart).

冠状动脉 分段

CT images of normal heart in 53-year-old man.主动脉根部 Ao = aortic root,冠状窦 CS = coronary sinus, 左心房 LA = left atrium,左前降支 LAD = left anterior descending artery, 左旋支 LCx = left circumflex artery,左冠状动脉主干 LM = left main coronary artery,左心室 LV = left ventricle,后降支 PDA = posterior descending artery,右心房 RA = right atrium,右冠状动脉 RCA = right coronary artery,右心室 RV = right ventricle,右室流出道 RVOT = right ventricular outflow tract. Axial 5-mm maximum-intensity-projection (MIP) image shows left main coronary artery as it arises from left coronary cusp.

左冠状动脉LCA(黑箭)，左前降支LAD(白箭头)，

左旋支LCx(黑箭头)，右冠状动脉RCA(白箭) 

左冠状动脉LCA (黑箭)，左旋支LCx(箭头)，左前降支LAD(白箭)

左前降支 LAD(箭头)

左前降支 LAD(箭头)

室间隔支（黑色箭头），对角支（白色箭头）

左前降支（黑箭头），回旋支（白箭头）中间支（对角支）（箭）

右冠状动脉（黑箭），动脉圆锥支 （箭头）来自主动脉,锐缘支(白箭)

锐缘支(白箭)

窦房结支(箭头)

圆锥支的解剖变异

AO =主动脉根部，LA =左心房，LAD =左前降支，LM =左冠状动脉主干，LV =左心室，RA =右心房，RCA =右冠状动脉，RVOT=右室流出道，SAN =窦房结支。

Ao = aortic root, LA = left atrium, LAD = left anterior descending artery, LM = left main coronary artery, LV = left ventricle, RA = right atrium, RCA = right coronary artery, RVOT = right ventricular outflow tract, SAN = sinoatrial node branch.

窦房结支的变异：

窦房结支（箭头），来自右冠状动脉近端

窦房结支（箭头 ），来自左回旋支

AO =主动脉根部，D1 =第一对角支，GCV =心大静脉，LA =左心房，LAD =左前降支，LCx =左回旋支，LM =左冠状动脉主干，OM1 =第一钝缘支，RCA =右冠状动脉，RVOT=右室流出道，SVC =上腔静脉。

LAD =左前降支，LV =左心室，RCA =右冠状动脉，RV =右心室。右缘支（箭）

Ao=主动脉根部，AVN=房室结支，IMB=下缘支，LCx=左回旋支，LV=左心室，PDA=后降支，PLB=后外侧支，RCA=右冠状动脉，RVOT=右室流出道

CS =冠状窦，LV =左心室，MCV =心中静脉，PDA =后降支，PLB=后外侧支，PLV=后外侧静脉，RA =右心房，RCA =右冠状动脉，RV =右心室

Ao=主动脉根部，AVGA =房室沟动脉，CS =冠状窦，LA =左心房，OM =钝缘支，PDA =后降支，PLB=后外侧支，RA=右心房，RCA =右冠状动脉

LV =左心室，PDA =后降支，PLB=后外侧支，RCA =右冠状动脉，RV =右心室

左冠状动脉解剖 AVGA=房室沟动脉，PDA=后降支

左冠状动脉主干分叉  AVGA =房室沟动脉，D1 =第一对角支，LAD =左前降支，LCx=左回旋支，LM =左冠状动脉主干，OM1 =第一钝缘支，SAN =窦房结支

中间支解剖

LAD =左前降支left anterior descending artery，LCx=左回旋支left circumflex artery，LM =左冠状动脉主干left main coronary artery，RI=中间支动脉ramus intermedius artery

前降支

LA =左心房 left atrium, LV =左心室 left ventricle

Myocardial bridge and septal perforator branch 心肌桥和室间隔穿支

LA =左心房 left atrium, LAA =左心耳 left atrial appendage, LV =左心室 left ventricle, S1, S2, S3 = first, second, and third septal perforators第一、二、三室间隔穿支，心肌桥覆盖第二室间隔穿支以远左前降支（箭）

心肌桥 左前降支（箭）

对角支

D1 =第一对角支 first diagonal, D2 =第二对角支 second diagonal, LAD =左前降支 left anterior descending artery, LCx =左回旋支 left circumflex artery, LM =左冠状动脉主干 left main coronary artery, LV =左心室 left ventricle, RI =中间支 ramus intermedius artery, SP =室间隔穿支 septal perforator branches

Nondominant left circumflex artery anatomy

AVGA =房室沟动脉atrioventricular groove artery，CS =冠状窦coronary sinus，D1 =第一对角支first diagonal，GCV =心大静脉great cardiac vein，LAD =左前降支left anterior descending artery，LCx=左回旋支left circumflex artery，OM1 =第一钝缘支first obtuse marginal

Dominant left circumflex artery anatomy

AVGA =房室沟动脉atrioventricular groove artery，LCx=左回旋支left circumflex artery，LM =左冠状动脉主干left main coronary artery，OM1 =第一钝缘支first obtuse marginal，OM2 =第二钝缘支second obtuse marginal，PDA =后降支posterior descending artery，PLB=后外侧支posterior lateral branch，RI =中间支动脉ramus intermedius artery

右冠状动脉和左主冠状动脉异常起源 Anomalous origin of right coronary artery and left main coronary artery

Ao =主动脉根部 aortic root, LAD =左前降支 left anterior descending artery, LM =左冠状动脉主干 left main coronary artery, RCA =右冠状动脉 right coronary artery, RVOT =右室流出道 right ventricular outflow tract

左心室（黑*），左心房（白*），左心耳（白箭），二尖瓣（MV）（黑箭），冠状窦CS（箭头）

左心室（大黑*），左心房（小黑*），右心房（RA）（小白*），二尖瓣MV（黑箭），三尖瓣（白箭）和心包（箭头）