找工作的过程总是让人却步；但有时，选择跳槽是比固守原位更为明智的抉择。本文将告诉你如何正确判断是否应该递交辞呈，另谋高就。
Anne Fisher为《财富》杂志《向Anne提问》的专栏作者，这个职场专栏始于1996年，帮助读者适应经济的兴衰起落、行业转换，以及工作中面临的各种困惑。
亲爱的安妮：一年前我接受了现在这份工作，当时我觉得自己很幸运。因为那时我下岗后已经有大约五个月没有上班了。这份工作看上去是一个很好的机会，能让我继续向前推进自己的职业生涯。但不幸的是，事情并非如我所愿。这家公司的官僚作风令人窒息。我的同事们都已经在公司工作了很多年，在他们眼里我就是一个外人。因此，我并没有接到任何挑战性的工作任务。我被分到的都是别人不想做的活，枯燥而且乏味。老板做决策的时候会征求每个人的意见，唯独把我排除在外。
我真的很讨厌早起去上班。原来的我并不是那种盯着表盼下班的人，但在这里我却成了这样。一到下班时间我就迫不及待地逃离办公室。每个周末我都害怕周一的到来。这份工作其实可以算是一份收入稳定的“好”工作，我知道有数以百万计的人巴不得立刻跟我互换工作。你和你的读者们怎么想？我是否应该开始寻找下一份工作吗，还是该试着忍受现在这份工作呢？——水深火热
亲爱的水深火热：如果同病相怜这句话是对的，那么美国劳工部（the U.S. Department of Labor）的几个数据可能会让你好受一点。每月的“辞职率”，也就是人们自愿辞掉工作的比例，在2010年初已经降至1%的低水平，是经济衰退之前水平的一半。后来辞职率逐渐上涨了一点点，到2011年7月达到1.5%，2011年9月为1.6%（这是最新的数据）。
很明显，萎靡不振的经济形势，招聘量的减少，这都使得许多人不得不继续干着他们并不喜欢的工作。但有意思的是，在选择辞职的人里，有很多都在很短的时间内就做出了决定。招聘和应聘者跟踪软件开发商布鲁豪恩（Bullhorn）公司最新的一项研究表明，辞职员工中将近一半（46%）是在被聘用后的一年半内这么做的。
这份报告显示，最常见的辞职原因就是不适应组织文化。也就是说，员工觉得没有归属感，因此无法继续工作下去。是不是听起来跟你的情况类似？
全国职业咨询网络“五点钟俱乐部”（The Five O'Clock Club）总裁凯特?温德尔顿列出了不适应当前工作的8种具体症状。她指出：“如果符合3种以上，就该更新简历，开始找新工作了。”
1. 价值观与同事或上司的价值观相左。温德尔顿见过员工不适应公司的很多实例，因为他们接受不了公司不符合伦理（甚至是非法）的行为。其实，价值观冲突还有其他很多种形式。你将自己的公司描述为“官僚作风、令人窒息”，这表明你并不适应这家公司的文化。
Dear Annie: When I accepted my current job about a year ago, I felt lucky to get it. I had been out of work (following a layoff) for about five months and this seemed like a great opportunity to move my career forward. Unfortunately, it hasn't worked out that way. The culture at this company is bureaucratic and stifling, and my colleagues have all been here forever and treat me like an "outsider." As a result, I'm not getting challenging assignments, and instead I'm getting stuck with the tedious tasks no one else wants. When it's time to make a decision, my boss seems to solicit everyone's opinion except mine.
I really hate coming to work in the morning. I've never been a clock-watcher, but this place is turning me into one: I can't wait to get out of here at the end of the day, and spend every Sunday dreading Monday. Still, it is a "good" job with a steady paycheck, and I know millions of people would trade places with me in a heartbeat. What do you and your readers think? Should I start looking for another job, or just try to grin and bear it? — Treading Water
Dear T.W.: Yikes. If it's true that misery loves company, you may be heartened by a few statistics from the U.S. Department of Labor: The "quits rate" -- the percentage of people who voluntarily leave their jobs every month -- plummeted in early 2010 to a low of 1%, or half its pre-recession level. It has since crept up a bit, to 1.5% in July and 1.6% in September (the latest available) of 2011.
Clearly, the sluggish economy and slowdown in hiring are keeping plenty of people stuck in jobs they don't like. But, intriguingly, it seems that many of those who do choose to walk are doing it within a short time: Almost half (46%) of employees who quit do so within 18 months of being hired, says a new study by recruiting and applicant-tracking software developer Bullhorn.
The most common culprit, according to the report: A bad cultural fit -- that is, an employee's sense that he or she just doesn't belong, and consequently can't get ahead. Sound familiar?
Kate Wendleton, president of national career-counseling network The Five O'Clock Club, has identified eight specific symptoms of a bad fit. "If you've noticed three or more of these warning signs," she says, "it's time to update your resume and launch a job search."
1. Your values don't match those of your coworkers or higher-ups. Wendleton has seen many instances of employees who don't fit in because they won't go along with unethical (or even illegal) practices, but a clash in values can take many other forms. Your description of your company as "bureaucratic and stifling" suggests the culture isn't right for you.
2. 老板不待见你。温德尔顿称，如果“你不赞成老板的方法和工作计划，或者老板从不征求你的意见”，这就说明老板对你不重视。她补充说：“如果你曾经干过跟老板作对的事，或者说过跟老板作对的话，或许应该马上走人。”
3. 同僚们不喜欢你。同事把你看作外人就是一个证明。温德尔顿说：“如果觉得同事孤立你，在背后说你的坏话，将你排挤在组织内部工作之外，而且如果你感觉不到同事间的友情，那就要开始着手换工作了。”
4. 分到的任务不能充分展示你的能力。如果不能适应公司的环境，好项目都被别人抢走了，而分到你手里的都是自己不擅长的任务。温德尔顿说，这就说明“老板并不相信你的判断力，或者是不相信你的工作能力。”
5. 通常拿到的都是别人不愿意做的繁重工作。温德尔顿强调：“可以游说老板给你更好的项目，要求做那些能更好展现技术和提高声望的工作任务。”但如果不能如愿以偿，也不要大惊小怪。
6. 同事收到邀请参加某些会议，而你却没有。温德尔顿称，这显然证明了你是一个外人，“你感觉到自己的观点不受重视，你的贡献对公司也不重要。”
7. 同一层级的人已经有了自己的办公室，而你还是坐在走道上的格子间里。温德尔顿说，不论正式头衔是什么，差劲的办公环境“无疑能清楚明白地反映出你在非正式等级系统中的地位” 。
8. 害怕上班。温德尔顿指出，“如果上班的念头令你感到紧张或者身体不适，如果你发觉自己开始倒数离出发上班还有多久，你就得换工作了。”生命很短暂，不能这样过。.
你提出的问题说明，以上八大问题中至少有六个让你感到困扰，已经是“三种以上”的两倍之多。鉴于你手头已经有一份工作，再找工作会相对更容易一些。那么为何不把现在的工作当作跳板呢？
最好不要拖延时间。如果等到意志消沉，到时候可能连找工作的心气都没有。祝你好运！
互动: 虽然就业市场低迷，但你最近是否说过“我不干了”的话？你是否曾经觉得自己的工作不合适并由此感到困扰?你是怎么做的？请留言发表评论。
译者：李玫晓/汪皓
2. Your boss doesn't like you. This probably applies if "you don't support his approach or agenda, or she never solicits your opinion," says Wendleton, adding, "If you've ever done or said anything to undermine your boss, you might as well get out now."
3. Your peers don't like you. Being treated like an "outsider" is a clue. "If you feel isolated, gossiped about, and excluded from the inner workings of the organization, and if you have no sense of camaraderie at work," Wendleton says, "it's time to start planning to move on."
4. You don't get assignments that make the best use of your abilities. When the fit is bad, all the plum projects go to others, while you get the ones that play to your weaknesses, Wendleton says -- a sign that "your boss doesn't trust your judgment or believe you will do a good job."
5. You always get stuck with the "grunt work" no one else wants. "You can lobby for better projects and ask for assignments that will showcase your skills and heighten your credibility," Wendleton notes -- but don't be surprised if you don't get them.
6. You are excluded from meetings that your peers are invited to. Obviously, this is unmistakable evidence of outsider status, says Wendleton: "You don't feel that your ideas are valued or your contributions are central to the company."
7. Everyone else at your level has an office, while you have a cubicle in the hallway. Whatever your formal title, Wendleton observes, a lousy workspace "telegraphs your place in the informal hierarchy loudly and clearly."
8. You dread going to work. "If the idea of going to work makes you anxious or physically sick, and if you find yourself counting the hours until you can leave, you need to start job hunting," says Wendleton. Life's too short for this.
Your question suggests you're beset by at least six of these eight problems, twice the "three or more" that should have you aiming for the exit. It's far easier to find a job when you already have one, so why not think of your current position as a stepping stone to your next one?
And don't put it off: It's best not to wait until you're so demoralized that you can't be "up" for your job hunt. Good luck.
Talkback: Have you recently said "I quit!" despite the dismal job market? Have you ever felt stuck in the wrong job? What did you do about it? Leave a comment below.
