必修五 Unit 1 Greatscientists(2)
1. characteristic/'k?rikt?'ristik/ n.特征；特性
2. radium /'reidj?m/ n.镭
3. painter /'peint?/ n.画家；油漆匠
4. put forward提出
搭配：
put forward asuggestion/plan
put oneself /sthforward as 自荐或推荐某人为某职位的候选人
put sth. forward 提前，把时钟往前拨；提出
拓展：
put aside节省，储蓄，储存
put away放好，积蓄
put back放回，拨回
put down记下，镇压
put off延期，推迟
put on穿上，演出，增加
put out熄灭，扑灭
put through接通电话
put up举起，张贴，公布，挂起，建造
5. scientific/sai?n'tifik/ adj.科学的
6. conclude /k?n'klu:d/vt.vi.推断出；结束
After waitingfor half an hour ,I conclude that he wouldn’t come at all.
搭配：
conclude sth.from sth. 从…中推断出…
conclude sth. with sth./by doing sth. 以…结束
to conclude=in conclusion 最后，总之（常作插入语）
draw /reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion 得出结论
come to theconclusion that… 所得结论是…
例句：
他讲话结束时祝愿大家回家一路平安。
我们将作进一步的讨论，然后再作出最终结论
7. conclusion/k?n'klu:??n/ n.结论,推论,结尾
8. draw a conclusion 得出结论
9. analyse /'?n?laiz/ vt.分析
10. infect /in'fekt/ vt.传染；感染
11. infectious /in'fek??s/ a.传染的
12. cholera /'k?l?r?/n.霍乱
13. defeat /di'fi:t/vt.打败；战胜；使受挫 n.
例句：
He has beensoundly defeated atchess.他在象棋比赛中一败涂地。
辨析：
defeat/win/beat
1.beat\ defeat 击败，打败 + 人/ 团体，多指在战争，比赛,竞选或辩论中战胜对手。
2.win 赢得，获得 + 比赛/奖品， 多指赢得比赛，奖励，胜利，尊重，名声，战争等。
1.win + a game/ a race/an election/a victory/a champion/ (1st,2nd…)prize/scholarship/a gold medal/sb’s trust/love/respect/a battle/awar.
2.beat 还可指心跳、敲、击。
运用：
1)Who do youthink will ____ the beauty contest?
2)The army was well? trained and well ?armed，and had littledifficulty ___the enemy.
3) He was so nervous that he could feel his heart ____faster.
14. expert /'eksp?:t/a.熟练的；经验或知识丰富的 n.专家；行家
15. attend /?'tend/vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加
用法：attendsth 出席，参加 attend class/ school /awedding/a ceremony /a lecture/aparty
attend (on/upon) sb. 看护，照料某人
attend to sb./sth. 专心于、处理某人/某事
辨析：
attend做参加讲，宾语通常为meeting，lecture，funeral，ceremony，party，school等。
join 指加入某组织或团体，成为其中一员，如“参军，入团，入党”等。
join in 指参加比赛或活动，其中in可以作介词或副词。
take part in 指参加某项集体活动，并在其中起积极作用，可指参加工作，活动，等。
16. physician /fi'zi??n/n.医生；内科医师
17. expose /iks'p?uz/ vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光
18. expose...to使显露；暴露,使暴露（常与介词to搭配）
搭配：
expose sth/ sb/oneself to… 使...受到/接触…
be exposed to 招致，暴露于，感染（病）
运用：
Thosewho pig flu were separated and treated withoutdelay.感染猪流感的人被及时隔离和治疗。
Keep indoors and ________________.
(不要暴露你的皮肤于阳光下)
19. deadly /'dedli/adj.致命的
20. cure /kju?/ n.治愈；痊愈 vt.治愈；治疗
搭配：
cure作动词 cure sb ofsth；
作名词a cure forsth
例句：
She tried everymeans to cure her child of thebad habit.
Most of the patients can be curedof the disease.
So far, the cure for AIDS has not been found yet.
It is a pity that there is no easy cure forloneliness.
21. outbreak/'autbreik/ n.爆发；发作
22. challenge /'t??l?nd?/ n.挑战 vt.向...挑战
23. victim /'viktim/ n.受害者
24. absorb /?b's?:b/ vt.吸收；吸引；使专心
搭配：
- absorb one’sattention吸引某人注意
- beabsorbed in 专心致志于
- beabsorbed into 被吸入（并入）
运用：
(1)She was______that novel that she didn’t realize the food had gotburned.
(2)Several smallcompanies are ____ the big one.
25. suspect/s?s'pekt, 's?spekt/ vt.怀疑 n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯
26. enquiry [in?kwai?ri] n.询问
enquire
27. neighbourhood ['neib?hud] n.附近；临近
28. severe /si'vi?/ a.严重的；剧烈的；严厉的
29. clue /klu:/ n.线索；提示
30. pump /p?mp/ n.泵；抽水机 vt.(用泵)抽水；打气
31. Cambridge Street [?ke?mbr?d?]剑桥大街
32. foresee /f?:'si:/ vt.预见，预知
33. investigate /in'vestigeit/ vt.vi.调查
34. investigation /in'vesti'gei??n/ n.调查
35. blame /bleim/ vt.责备；谴责 n.过失；责备
搭配：
- blame sb. for(doing )sth.因为某事责备某人
- blame sth. on sb.把…归咎于某人
- beto blame (for sth.)某人（因为某事）要受到责备
- lay/put blameon 把 …. 归咎于
bear /take the blame for sth. 承担…的责任
运用：
The diver didn’tknow who ___ for starting the fire?
36. pollute/p?'lju:t/ vt.污染；弄脏
37. handle /'h?ndl/ n.柄；把手 vt.处理；操纵
38. germ /d??:m/ n.微生物；细菌
39. link /li?k/ vt.n.连接；联系
40. link...to... 将...和...联系或连接起来
41. announce /?'nauns/ vt.宣布；通告
42. certainty /'s?:tnti/ n.确信；确实
43. instruct /in'str?kt/ vt.命令；指示；教导
instructions指示;操作指南; 用法说明; ( instruction的名词复数 ) 命令
44. responsible/ris'p?ns?bl/ a.有责任的；负责的
45. construct /k?n'str?kt/ vt.建设；修建
46. construction /k?n'str?k??n/ n.建设；建筑物
47. contribute /k?n'tribju(:)t/vt.vi.捐献；贡献；捐助
搭配：
contribute...to...把……贡献给……contribute to doing...导致……；向……投稿；有助于……
例句：
Most peoplecontributed some money to the poor boy.
A proper amount of exercise contributes to good health.
扩展:
make a contribution/contributions to sth. 对…做贡献
48.apart from 除…之外；此外
用法：
a.除了….以外（还有）（相当于besides）；
b.除了….以外（没有）（相当于except）
Apart from my parents, I have no one to believein. (相当于except)
Everyone in our class went to the cinema apart from Mary.(相当于besides)
c.此外，除掉（相当于except for）
I think you really have an artist gift apart from thisdefect.除了这个缺陷外，我觉得你确实有艺术天赋
辨析：
besides/except/exceptfor/apart from
49. firework/'fai?w?:k/ n.烟火
50. chart /t?ɑ:t/ n.图表
51. creative /kri(:)'eitiv/ a.有创造力的；创造性的；独创的
52. co-operative a.合作的
53. positive /'p?z?tiv/ a.积极的；肯定的；确实的
54. (be) strict with 对...严格的
55. Nicolaus Copernicus 尼古拉.哥白尼
56. revolutionary /'rev?'lu:??n?ri/ a.革命的；重大变革的
57. movement /'mu:vm?nt/ n.移动；运动；动作
58. make sense 讲得通；有意义
59. backward /'b?kw?d/ ad.a.向后地(的)；相反地(的)；退步地(的)
60. loop /lu:p/ n.圈；环
61. privately ad.私下地；秘密地
62. spin /spin/ vt.vi.(使)旋转；纺(线或纱)
63. brightness /braitnis/ n.明亮；亮度；聪颖
64. enthusiastic /in'θju:zi'?stik/ a.热情的；热心的
65. cautious /'k?:??s/ a.小心的；谨慎的
66. reject /ri'd?ekt/ vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃
67. universe /'ju:niv?:s/ n.宇宙；世界
Ⅰ.重点单词识记
1．defeat/dI′fi?t/ vt.打败；战胜；使受挫；n.失败
2．attend/?′tend/ vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加
3．expose/Ik′sp??z/ vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光
4．cure /kj??/n．治愈；痊愈；vt.治愈；治疗
5．challenge/′t??lInd?/ n．挑战；vt.向……挑战
6．absorb/?b′z??b/ vt.吸收；吸引；使专心
7．suspect/s?′spekt/ vt.认为；怀疑；/′s?spekt/ n．嫌疑犯
8．blame/bleIm/ vt.责备；谴责；n.过失；责备
9．pollute/p?′lu?t/ vt.污染；弄脏
10．handle/′h?ndl/ n．柄；把手；vt.处理；操纵
11．link /lI?k/vt.& n．连接；联系
12．positive/′p?z?tIv/ adj.积极的；肯定的；确实的
13．reject/rI′d?ekt/ vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃
14．scientific/?saI?n′tIfIk/ adj.科学的→science n．科学
15．conclude/k?n′klu?d/ vt.& vi.结束；推断出
→conclusion n．结论；结束
16．analyse/′?n?laIz/ vt.分析
→analysis n．分析
17．announce/?′na?ns/vt.宣布；通告
→announcement n．通告
18．instruct/In′str?kt/vt.命令；指示；教导
→instruction n．说明；指示
19．contribute/k?n′trIbju?t/ vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助
→contribution n．贡献
20．enthusiastic /In?θju?zI′?stIk/adj.热情的；热心的
→enthusiasmn．热情
Ⅱ.重点短语识记
1．putforward提出
2．draw aconclusion得出结论
3．expose...to使显露；暴露
4．be to blamefor该为……受责备；应为……承担责任
5．link...to...将……和……连接或联系起来
6．apartfrom除……之外；此外
7．(be) strictwith...对……严格的
8．makesense讲得通；有意义
扩展：
make no sense没有道理，没意义 make sense of 理解，明白
in a sense 在某种程度上
inno sense 绝不
a sense of humor/ duty/ beauty/ responsibility.
There is no sense in doing sth. 做… 没道理。
Ⅲ.经典原句默写与背诵
1．Neither its cause norits cure was understood.人们不知它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。
2．So manythousands of terrified people died every timethere was an outbreak.
每次暴发(霍乱)时，都有大批惊恐的百姓病死。
3．Toprevent this from happening again，JohnSnow suggested that the source of all the water suppliesbe examined.为防止这种情况再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。
4．Only if youput the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the skymake sense.
只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。
5．He placed afixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets goinground it and only the moon still going round theearth.他把固定着的太阳放在太阳系的中心位置上，行星都围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。
1．Astronomy is thescientific(science) study of the sun，moon，stars and other heavenbodies.
2．Yourinformation is inaccurate and your conclusion(conclude) istherefore wrong.
3．We agreedwith his acute analysis(analyse) of the politicalsituation.
4．Nothing ismore valuable(value) than time，but nothing is lessvalued.
5．Our cook’ssudden announcement(announce) that she was leaving took us quite by surprise.
6．He became aconstruction(construct) worker after he leftschool.
7．The Chinesepeople have made a great contribution(contribute) to the wholeworld.
8．I putforward a plan but he did not appear enthusiastic(enthusiasm) aboutit.
9．Theleadership of the movement(move) are in agreement on thisissue.
10．Thatpainful experience makes them cautious(caution) in thefuture.
课文回顾
P.2
JOHH SHOWDEFEATS 'KINGCHOLERA'
John Snowwas a famous doctor in London - soexpert, indeed, that heattended成为 Queen Victoria as herpersonal physician[f??z??n].But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinarypeople exposed to受到 cholera. This was the deadlydisease of its day. Neither its causenor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people diedand×every time there was anoutbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge andsolve this problem. He knew that cholera would never becontrolled until its cause was found.
Hebecame interested in two theories thatpossibly explained how cholerakilledpeople. The first suggested说明that cholera multiplied in theair. A cloud of dangerous gas floated arounduntil it found itsvictims. Thesecond suggested that people absorbed this disease into theirbodies with their meals. From the stomach the diseasequickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.
John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but heneeded evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, hewas ready to begin his enquiry. As the disease spread quicklythrough poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information. In twoparticular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that morethan 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find outwhy.
First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead peoplehad lived. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of thedisease. Many of the deaths were near the water pump in BroadStreet (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 and 40). He also noticed thatsome houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 CambridgeStreet) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he madefurther investigations. He discovered that these people worked inthe pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and sohad not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water wasto blame.
Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these twostreets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirtywater from London. He immediately told the astonished people inBroad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it couldnot be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shownthat cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas.
In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from twoother deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. Awoman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water fromthe pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water.With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce withcertainty that polluted water carried the virus.
To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that thesource of all the water supplies be examined. The water companieswere instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.Finally "King Cholera" was defeated.
COPERNICUS’REVOLUTIONRRY THEORY
Nicolaus Copernicuswas frightened and his mind was confused. Although he had tried toignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the sameconclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system.Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the otherplanets in the sky make sense. Yet he could not tell anyone abouthis theory as the powerful Christian Church would have punished himfor even suggesting such an idea. They believed God had made theworld and for that reason the earth was special and must be thecentre of the solar system.
The problem arose because astronomers had noticed that some planetsin the sky seemed to stop, move backward and then go forward in aloop. Others appeared brighter at times and less bright at others.This was very strange if the earth was the centre of the solarsystem and all planets went round it.
Copernicus had thought long and hard about these problems and triedto find an answer. He had collected observations of the stars andused all his mathematical knowledge to explain them. But only hisnew theory could do that. So between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it,gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete.
In 1514 he showed it privately to his friends. The changes he madeto the old theory were revolutionary. He placed a fixed sun at thecentre of the solar system with the planets going round it and onlythe moon still going round the earth. He also suggested that theearth was spinning as it went round the sun and this explainedchanges in the movement of the planets and in the brightness of thestars. His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publishhis ideas, but Copernicus was cautious. He did not want to beattacked by the Christian Church, so he only published it as he laydying in 1543.
Certainly he was right to be careful. The Christian Church rejectedhis theory, saying it was against God's idea and people whosupported it would be attacked. Yet Copernicus' theory is now thebasis on which all our ideas of the universe are built. His theoryreplaced the Christian idea of gravity, which said things fell toearth because God created the earth as the centre of the universe.Copernicus showed this was obviously wrong. Now people can see thatthere is a direct link between his theory and the work of IsaacNewton, Albert Einstein and StephenHawking.
1.concludev.断定，推断出?decide?；得出结论；?使?结束，终止?end?
concludesth.with...就某事与某人达成协议；以……结束
concludesth.from...从……推断出……
toconclude=inconclusion最后
arriveat/reach/come to/draw a conclusion得出结论
make aconclusion下结论
inconclusion总之；最后
So what can weconclude from this debate?那么从这场辩论中我们能得出什么结论？
Inconclusion，people around the world should be aware of the realsituation of water shortage.总之，全世界的人都应该意识到水短缺的真正形势。(2014·福建·书面表达)
夯实基础
(1)语法改错经验积累
①He concludedhis speech with a famoussaying.
②What can weconclude from Stafford’sresearch?
③In conclusion，Iwould like to say how much I have enjoyed myselftoday.
(2)When thegroup discussion is nearing its end，make sure to concludeit with importantpoints(用几条要点作为结束)．
2.attendv.
出席，参加?bepresent?；
照料，护理?takecare of?；
处理，对付?dealwith?
attendschool/class/church上学/上课/做礼拜
attendon/upon伺候某人；照顾某人
attend tosb./sth.处理；倾听；照料；专心；注意
It (suddenly)occurred to him that he had an important conference to attend thenext morning.他突然想到第二天早晨他有个重要会议要参加。
The main thingis to attend to the injured.
首要任务是照顾伤者。
夯实基础
(1)用attend短语的适当形式填空
①I always haveso many things to attend to when I come back to the company after atrip abroad.
②I’m stayinghome tonight to attend on myfather.
(2)翻译句子
数千人参加了庆典。Thousands of people attended theceremony.
3.exposev.暴露；揭露；使曝光
expose...to使显露；暴露
be exposedto暴露于；经受……
exposesb.to...让某人接触某物；使某人暴露于……
They had notbeen exposed to most diseases common to urbanpopulations.
城市人口中多数常见的疾病他们都没有接触到。
These unitsexposed children to many viewpoints of a givenissue.这些单元让孩子们接触到有关某一特定问题的多种观点。
夯实基础
同义句改写
The newspaperexposed his secret to the public.
(1)Thenewspaper let out his secret to the public.(用letout改写句子)
(2)Thenewspaper gave away his secret to thepublic.(用give away改写句子)
4.curev.治愈?病人?；治好?疾病?；矫正，改正?某人的不良行为?；解决?问题?；n.治疗；疗程
v. curesb.of...治愈某人的……；矫正某人的……
n. a curefor...针对……的治疗
An operationfinally cured his shin injury.
手术最终治好了他颈部的伤。
We need tocure our environmental problems.我们需要解决我们的环境问题。
夯实基础
(1)Who was it thatcured the old professor of his cancer(把教授的癌症治好了)?
(2)I hope thedoctor can cure the pain in my shoulder(治好我肩膀的疼痛)，but they haven’tfound an effective cure.
5.controlv.& n.控制；支配
beyond one’scontrol超过某人控制范围
be undercontrol处于控制之下
be in controlof sth.?控制着
in the controlof受……的管理
out ofcontrol失控；无法管理
lose controlof无法控制
You must learnhow to control yourself.
你必须学会控制自己的情绪。
Who’s incontrol of that house？谁掌管那所房子？
夯实基础
同义句改写
(1)He is incontrol of the club.(用club作主语改写句子)=be in chargeof
The clubis in the control of him.=)=bethe in charge of
(2)He lostcontrol of his motorbike.(用motorbike作主语改写句子)
His motorbikewas out of control.
6. absorbv.
吸收?液体、气体等??take in?；
吸引全部注意力?attract?；
使全神贯注?interestsb.very much?；
使并入，吞并
absorb one’sattention吸引某人的注意
absorb...from...从……中吸收……
be absorbedin全神贯注于
be absorbedby/into被……吞并?吸引?
Plants absorbcarbon dioxide from the air and moisture from thesoil.植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳并从土壤中汲取水分。
思考
表示“全神贯注”的常见短语还有：
be lostin，
be buriedin，
fix/focusone’s attention on，
devote...to，
concentrateone’s mind on，
apply oneselfto，
be addictedto等。
夯实基础
(1)用absorb的适当形式填空
①When deeplyabsorbed in work，which he often was，he would forget all abouteating or sleeping.
②He had anabsorbed look on his face.
(2)翻译句子
她专心于这本书。
She wasabsorbed in the book.
7. suspectvt.怀疑；认为；n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯
suspect sb.tobe＋n./adj.怀疑某人……
suspect sb.of?doing? sth.怀疑某人?做了?某事
be suspiciousof/about...对……怀疑
The abovecomplaints are，I suspect，just the tip of theiceberg.我想，以上的抱怨只是冰山一角。
He resignedafter being suspected of theft.他被怀疑有偷窃行为，随后就辞职了。
夯实基础
(1)—Whathappened to him?
—He was suspected of stealing the ring(他被怀疑偷了戒指) at the party lastnight，and the police were looking into the matter.
(2)同义句改写
I suspect thathe is the pickpocket.(用suspect sb.to be...改为简单句)
I suspect himto be the pickpocket.
(3)翻译句子
我开始怀疑他邀请我的动机。
I began tosuspect his motives in inviting me.
8. blamev.
把……归咎于，责怪，指责?say or think sb. is responsiblefor?；
n.过失；责任?responsibility?；
责备，指责blame sb.for...因……而指责某人；把……归咎于某人
blame sth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人
be to blame?for sth.?应承担责任；该受责备?主动形式表被动意义
accept/bear/take the blamefor...对……负责；为……承担责任
put/lay theblame for sth.on sb.把某事的责任推到某人身上
To be honest,it was Su’s fault，but Li was also to blame.实话实说，这件事怪苏，但是李也应受指责。
Everybodyknows that he is supposed to be to blame forthis.人人皆知他应该为此受到责备。
The presidentput the blame completely on hisopponent.总统把责任完全推给了他的对手。
夯实基础
(1)It isobvious that you are to blame for theaccident(你该为这起事故负责)．
(2)They blamedthe failure on George(把失败推到George身上)．Actually，he is not toblame(不该受责备)．
9.announcevt.宣布，宣告；通知；声称；预示
It isannounced that...据称；据宣布……
announce tosb.sth./that...向某人宣布……
make anannouncement下通知；宣布
She wasplanning to announce her engagement toPeter.她正计划宣布她和彼得订婚一事。
It wasannounced that new speed restrictions would beintroduced.据宣布，将有新的限速规定出台。
特别提醒
announce后不跟双宾语，即不能说announcesb.sth.，可以说announce to sb.sth.。
类似不接双宾语的动词还有：explain，say，report，describe，suggest，mention，express等。
夯实基础
(1)It wasannounced(据宣布) that the sports meeting would be put off till thenext Monday.
(2)Everybodystopped talking and became quiet，for the footsteps announced thereturn of the boss(预示着老板的归来)．
10 contributevt.& vi.捐献；捐助?give money or goods to...?；是……的原因之一?be one of thecauses of sth.?；贡献；投稿?write...for...
contribute...to...把……贡献给……
contributeto有助于；导致?＝result in/lead to?；把时间投入到……
make acontribution/contributions to对……作出贡献/捐款
He contributeda lot of good ideas to the discussion.
他在这次讨论中提出很多好的想法。
Would you liketo make a contribution to the hospital buildingfund?
你愿意为医院建设基金捐款吗？
图解助记
夯实基础
(1)Hisprofound learning and sharp eyes contributed to this newdiscovery(是这项新发现的原因)．
(2)同义句改写
Variousfactors contributed to his downfall.
Variousfactors resulted in/led to/were responsible for/caused hisdownfall.
(3)翻译句子
适度的运动有益于健康。
A properamount of exercise contributes to good health.
lead to makesense put forward draw a conclusion,apart from
1．It does notmake any sense to buy that expensive coat when these arecheaper.
2．We have putforward the date of our wedding by one week.
3．It is saidthat a cigarette end led to the forest fire.
4．He is easyto get along with.Apart from that，he is a determinedboy.
5．From what issaid above，we can draw a conclusion that computers are more ablessing than a disaster.
1putforward提议，提出?suggest?；拿出；推荐?recommend?；将……提前
putaway将……收起；把……放回原处；积蓄
putaside忽视；不理睬；储存
putoff延期
putout扑灭
putin放入；把……写进?信函、故事等
May I put yourname forward as a possible chairman of thecommittee？我可否提名你为该委员会主席的人选？
The meetingwas put forward half an hour.
会议提前了半小时。
夯实基础
(1)用put短语的适当形式填空
①Far waterdoesn’t put out near fire.
②Encouragechildren to put aside some of their pocket-money tobuy Christmas presents.
③TheAssociation has put the event off until October.
④Her bed wasneatly made，her clothes put away.
(2)At the lastmoment，Tom decided to put in a new character(添加一个新的角色) to make thestory seem more likely.
2apart/asidefrom除……之外；此外
表示“除……之外”的短语：,apart from/asidefrom除……之外，根据上下文的不同，可以分别相当于besides，except或exceptfor。
besides＝inaddition to除……之外(还，也)，常与also，more，other等连用。
except除……外(都)……，常与all，every，no，none，nothing等含有整体肯定或否定意义的词连用。
exceptfor除……以外，其后所跟的词往往与前面的不是同一类的，是指整体中除去的一个细节或某一方面。
Apart from thecost，the dress doesn’t suit me.
姑且不论价格，这件衣服也不适合我。
It is a goodbook，apart from the torn cover.
除了封面破了，它是本好书。
夯实基础
(1)用besides，except，except for，apartfrom填空
①All thestudents took part in the sports meeting except/apart fromTom.
②We need threemore chairs besides/apart from these two.
③Apartfrom/Except for the ending，it’s a really goodfilm.
(2)Apart fromgood service(除了良好的服务以外)，the restaurant offers different kinds oftraditional Fujian dishes.
3makesense讲得通；有意义?have a meaning?；表述清楚
in asense在某种意义上；在某种程度上
in nosense决不；无论如何
make senseof弄懂……的意思；理解
have a senseof有……感
There is nosense in doing...做某事是不明智的。
I thought whathe said made sense and I got in touch withhim.我认为他所说的有道理，并与他取得了联系。
Do you have agood sense of direction?
你的方向感好不好？
夯实基础
(1)用sense的相关短语填空
①In a sense，Ican’t agree with what you said.
②In no senseis that statement correct.
(2)In myopinion，the answer to the question you gave us just now doesn’tmake any sense(没有任何意义)．
(3)翻译句子
①读读这篇文章，告诉我通不通。
Read thispassage and tell me if it makes sense.
②现在没有必要为失败苦恼。
There’s nosense in getting upset about failure.
1．The cleanergets paid by the hour(按小时领取报酬)．
2．She haswater delivered from the pump to her house(从水泵打水运到家里来) everyday.
3．Hegot/became interested in(产生兴趣) two theories explaining how cholerakilled people.
4．Science cannot develop unless people publish theirideas(除非人们公布他们的观点)．
5．She’ll havea chance to get well only if she has a strong will(唯有她有坚强的意志) tolive.
He did notwant to be attacked by the Christian Church，so he only published itas he lay dying in1543.他不想遭到基督教会的攻击，所以他直到1543年临终前才公布了这一观点。
句型公式：形容词作状语
1?形容词dying在句中作状语，说明谓语动词lay发生时，主语所处的状态。
2?形容词?短语?作状语在句中还可以表示行为方式、伴随状况、原因、时间或条件等。
One woman waslying in bed，awake，listening to the rushing wind.
有一个女人躺在床上，毫无睡意，听着疾驰而过的大风。
He approachedus，full of apologies.
他连声道歉地朝我们走来。
夯实基础
(1)Happy andsatisfied (既高兴又满意)，she suddenly appeared.
(2)The boy ranhome，full of fear (满怀恐惧的)．
(3)Light-hearted andoptimistic(豁达而乐观)，she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine topeople through her smile.
根据句意补全句子
(1)The UnitedStates is a country which has developed.
→The UnitedStates is a developed country.
(2)He told usof the great wrong which had been done to him.
→He told us ofthe great wrong done to him.
(3)Thechildren are excited (excite) about going to thezoo.
(4)Everybodywas shocked (shock) to hear the death of the famous filmstar.
(5)There arefour used (use) stamps.
Ⅰ.语法填空——根据课文内容完成下面的短文
John Snow，awell-known doctor in London，became1.inspired(inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary peoplewho 2.were exposed(expose) to cholera，a 3.deadly (dead) disease ofhis day.Many thousands of people died every time there was anoutbreak 4.because no one knew the cause of it.John wanted to helpsolve 5.the problem.
He gotinterested in two theories 6.explaining (explain) how cholerakilled people.He believed in the second theory 7.that suggestedthat people absorbed the disease with their meals.In 1854,8.whenanother outbreak hit London，he was ready to test the twotheories.9.With the help of the map 10.hemade，he got a valuable clue about the cause of the disease and wasable to announce that the water was to blame.
Ⅱ.读写任务——用约30个词概括课文内容
John Snow，afamous doctor and expert，succeeded in defeating “King Cholera” in ascientific way.Cholera was a deadly disease of its day and hadattacked London twice in the 1850s.
Ⅲ.写作素材——关于医学
1．布莱克因为接触了致命的病毒而患了重病。
2．专家通过各种尝试给他治疗。
3．各种尝试之后他们宣布病毒被打败了。
4．但是在完全康复之前他还需要护理一段时间。
5．人们说这种病毒该受责备。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用宾语从句，needdoing等表达。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
Black wasseverely ill because of being exposed to a deadly virus.After allthe attempts to cure him，the experts announced that the virus wasdefeated but he needed attending before he was fullyrecovered.People said that the virus was to blame.
Ⅰ.完形填空
Have you everwatched an artist paint a picture？He or she works close to thecanvas(画布)— 1 small sectionsat a time in the process of completing the wholepainting.
But every oncein a while，the 2 must stepback from their work and look at the whole picture.Only by steppingaway from what they’re working on can they 3 the proper perspective(角度)．The proper point ofview is 4 to the endresult.
It’s nodifference for any other creation.Whether it’s a business，a projector your life，you need to step back 5 in order to get it right.From a 6 ，you can see things youcan’t see when you’re close.The difference is in working on yourproject instead of working in it.It’s all too easy to focus onsomething but 7 the importantparts needed to create a satisfying result.
Stephen Coveycalls it“ 8 the saw(锯)”．Itwould be foolish to keep sawing away without stopping from time totime to make your 9 moresharp.But unfortunately，that’s what too many of us 10 .
Just as inmusic—we need spaces between the notes in order to create thelovely melody(曲调)．A continuous collection of notes with no spacesis not good—it’s 11 .
You may needto take a vacation—to get away from work or study.At othertimes，it’s best to take a course or attend a meeting to 12 some newideas.Sometimes，it may be better to take a complete break，to goaway and just do something totally 13 —do a voluntary work，build a house forhabitat，for humanity or some other worthy cause.
The importantthing is to take the breaks.Without them，we are not 14 and we don’t enjoy ourwork or our life as much.Our pressure 15 and both our work and our healthsuffer.
1．A.picking B．painting
C．losing D．enjoying
答案 B
解析 结合上一句及该空后的“completing the wholepainting”可知，此处指艺术家靠近画布画画(paint)。
2．A.scientists B．teachers
C．physicists D．artists
答案 D
解析 结合语境，特别是该空后的the wholepicture可知，此处指的是艺术家(artist)。
3．A.turn B．change
C．gain D．give
答案 C
解析 画家走到离画布远一点的地方是为了获得(gain)更合适的创作视角。
4．A.important B．special
C．ordinary D．popular
答案 A
解析 上下文中谈到寻找创作视角的用处，所以合适的视角对作品最后的结果是很重要的(important)。
5．A.finally B．sometimes
C．onceD．slowly
答案 B
解析 不时地往后退一些，是为了更好地前行。此处sometimes与第二段第一句中的every once ina while相对应。
6．A.height B．depth
C．distance D．length
答案 C
解析 from adistance表示“在远处”。此处指隔一段距离(distance)，你能够看到在近处看不到的东西。
7．A.meet B．destroy
C．collect D．miss
答案 D
解析 人们很容易将精力只投入某些事情，从而错过(miss)一些重要的部分，而这些部分是创造出令人满意的结果所需的。
8．A.repairing B．sharpening
C．touching D．hiding
答案 B
解析 结合上文中提到的应该时不时地后退以审视自己的工作及本段第二句中的moresharp可知，此处指使锯锋利。sharpen使锋利。
9．A.way B．mind
C．tool D．sense
答案 C
解析 根据上文中提到的saw可知，此处选tool，指做事情时使用的工具。
10．A.notice B．do
C．find D．lose
答案 B
解析 虽然一直工作、不停下来锐化工具是很愚蠢的，但不幸的是，我们多数人都是这么做(do)的。
11．A.music B．noise
C．sound D．pollution
答案 B
解析 此处所填内容与上一句中的the lovelymelody相对应。音符间没有空隙的音乐，没有旋律可言，是噪音(noise)。
12．A.obtain B．prove
C．desert D．explain
答案 A
解析 参加课程或参加会议是为了“获取”一些新点子。
13．A.difficult B．necessary
C．common D．different
答案 D
解析 该空后提到的事情是与平时工作不同的事情，因此该空填different。
14．A.native B．creative
C．attractiveD．sensitive
答案 B
解析 如果我们不注意休息，我们就不会有创造力。
15．A.reduces B．disappears
C．increases D．improves
答案 C
解析 压力增加(increase)，我们就不能尽情地享受工作和生活，我们就会身心俱疲。
Ⅱ.语法填空
No one couldrecognize me after I got my new transistors in the 1960s.There weretimes when my size was 1.totally (total) changed.I became small andthin but I 2.got (get) cleverer and cleverer，quicker andquicker.And my memory became so large 3.that I couldn’t believeit！But I was always so lonely standing there by myself，until in theearly 1960s，they gave me a family 4.connected (connect) by anetwork.I could share information with 5.others (other) and wecould talk to each other.At about 6.the same time we learned totalk to humans using BASIC.I 7.was brought (bring) into people’shomes in the 1970s.8.Since then，my family and I have been used bybillions of people to deal with information and communicate witheach other 9.around the world by the Internet.I love being used toconnect people 10.who/that aren’t close enough to speak to eachother.I have truly been built to serve the human race since mybirth.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
For manyyears，Hawaii has been a magic name to people who like totravel.People on both sides of the Pacific Ocean，in Japan and inAmerica，dream of seeing these beautiful islands in the middle ofthe ocean.Their dreams always include at least one scene of asunset over the ocean.In the tropical(热带的) lands，the sun drops，likea ball of golden fire，into the sea，and it drops so quickly that youcan almost see it move.The sun leaves behind a glow that lights theskies and shines in the quiet water.
People oftenhave a quiet，peaceful time—perfect for a leisurely(悠闲的) walk alongthe water.This scene is not too different from the dramatic(令人神往的)beauty that greeted the first strangers to these islands centuriesago.They were Polynesian people who came from Tahiti in canoes notmuch bigger than small boats.
They found thebeautiful white sand beaches and the waving palm trees，but therewere no giant hotels like the ones we see nowadays.The first peoplecame to Hawaii nearly two thousand years ago，but skyscraper hotelswere only built in the last 25 years.Now jet planes make itpossible to fly to it for a weekend from Tokyo.Wherever the peoplecome from，they really want to see the original beauty ofHawaii.They want to see the lovely beaches and the mountain calledDiamond Head which is almost hidden by the tallhotels.
1．Hawaii is aname .
A．given bypeople who like to travel
B．attracting alot of travelers
C．with a magicstory behind it
D．liked byboth the Japanese and Americans
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，夏威夷是喜欢旅游的人向往的一个地方，故B项正确。
2．On thesebeautiful islands，one thing that every traveler won’t miss is .
A．to swim inthe quiet water
B．to see thetropical plants
C．to see thesunset
D．a leisurelywalk along the beach
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段“Their dreams always include at leastone scene of a sunset over the ocean.”可知答案为C项。
3．Which of thefollowing does not belong to “the original beauty ofHawaii”？
A．White sandbeaches.
B．Waving palmtrees.
C．Tallhotels.
D．The DiamondHead Mountain.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知，高楼大厦是最近25年内建起来的。
4．The lastparagraph suggests .
A．the scenerynowadays is not too different from the originalbeauty
B．it’s notquite easy to see the original beauty，because some of the sceneryis almost hidden by tall hotels
C．it is easyto see the original beauty，but only by taking jetairplanes
D．it is noteasy to see the original beauty because things have completelychanged in the last 25 years
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“They want to see the lovely beachesand the mountain called Diamond Head which is almost hidden by thetall hotels.”可知，高楼大厦把部分美景给遮掩了。所以要看原始的美，不是很容易。
5．The besttitle of the passage is .
A．IslandsScenery
B．Hawaii：AMagic Name
C．Traveling inHawaii
D．The DramaticBeauty
答案 B
解析 标题归纳题。根据文章内容可知本文主要讲了夏威夷的自然风光。A、D两项光看题目，是不会想到是在讲夏威夷的美；这里不是讲夏威夷旅游，排除C项。
