[L] 我们高三英语教师在讲评书面表达时，经常告诉学生说，书面表达要得高分，就得有高级句型和高级词汇；但很多同学在写书面表达时，总认为高级句型和高级词汇很神秘，高不可及。其实，未必如此！通过研读一些优秀的学生习作和历年高考书面表达的范文，我们发现，很多所谓的高级句型和高级词汇正是我们老师反复讲解和训练的。下面列举一些常见且高级的词汇和句型，供同学们参考。 [/L] [L]一．高级词汇[/L] [L]1．occur 替换 think of[/L] [L] Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. →[/L] [L] An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.[/L] [L] It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.[/L] [L]2．devote替换spend[/L] [L] He spends all his spare time in reading. →[/L] [L] He devotes all his spare time to reading.[/L] [L]3．seek替换want / look for[/L] [L] They sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.[/L] [L]4．average 替换ordinary[/L] [L] I’m an average ( ordinary ) student.[/L] [L]5．but替换very[/L] [L] The film we saw last night was very interesting. →[/L] [L] The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.[/L] [L] The film we saw last night was anything but boring.[/L] [L]6．seat 替换sit[/L] [L]On his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried.[/L] [L]7．suppose 替换should[/L] [L] He is supposed to ( should ) have driven more slowly.[/L] [L]8．appreciate 替换thank[/L] [L] Thank you very much for you help. →[/L] [L] We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.[/L] [L]9．the case替换 true[/L] [L] I don’t think it is the case ( true ).[/L] [L]10．on替换as soon as[/L] [L] As soon as he arrived, he began his research. →[/L] [L] On his arrival, he began his research..[/L] [L]11．due to替换because of[/L] [L]He arrived late due to ( because of ) the storm. [/L] [L]12．cover替换walk/read[/L] [L] After covering (walking) 10 miles, we all felt tired.[/L] [L]13．contribute to替换 be helpful/useful[/L] [L]Plenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study. →[/L] [L] Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.[/L] [L]14．round the corner 替换 coming soon/ nearby[/L] [L] ① The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming). Do you have any plans?[/L] [L]② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby). [/L] [L]15．come to light替换discover[/L] [L]The family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. →[/L] [L]The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.[/L] [L]16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneself[/L] [L] After visiting the workshop, we went back to school. Every one of us had a ball ( had a good time ).[/L] [L]17．come up with替换think of[/L] [L] Jack is very clever. He often comes up with ( thinks of ) new ideas.[/L] [L]18．set aside替换save[/L] [L] Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books. (2004天津卷)[/L] [L]19．be of + n. 替换adj.[/L] [L] The products are of high quality (very good ) and are sold everywhere in China.[/L] [L]20．refer to 替换talk about/of, mention[/L] [L] The professor you referred to (talked about ) is very famous.[/L] [L]21．can not but / can not help but替换have to do[/L] [L]I could not but (had to) go home.[/L] [L]22．more often than not替换usually[/L] [L] More often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.[/L] [L]23．lest替换so that /in order that[/L] [L] I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. →[/L] [L] I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.[/L] [L]24．be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish for[/L] [L] I want to see you very much. →[/L] [L] I am long to see you.[/L] [L]25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in [/L] [L]He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.[/L] [L]26．more than替换very[/L] [L] ① I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September. →[/L] [L] I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September. ( NMET 2003 )[/L] [L] ② If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004全国卷)[/L] [L]27．perfect (ly) 替换good/ very well[/L] [L]He speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ).[/L] [L]28．do sb a/the favor 替换help[/L] [L] Would you please do me the favor ( help me ) to turn down the radio?[/L] [L]29．the other day替换a few days ago[/L] [L] The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ( NMET 1997 )[/L] [L]30．in the course of替换during [/L] [L] In the course of (During) the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.[/L] [L]31．the majority of替换most[/L] [L] The majority of (Most of ) the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.[/L] [L]32．consist of替换be made up of[/L] [L] Our class consists of ( is made up of ) 50 students.[/L] [L]33．be worn out替换 be tired / broken[/L] [L] ① After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).[/L] [L] ② My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.[/L] [L]34．become of替换 happen[/L] [L] What do think has become of ( happened to ) him ?[/L] [L]35．attend to替换look after [/L] [L]36．on condition that替换as long as[/L] [L]37．nevertheless替换however[/L] [L]38．express one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with [/L] [L]39．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do[/L] [L]40．many a 替换many[/L] [L]41．be rushed off one’s feet 替换be busy in doing[/L] [L]42．a handful of替换a little / some[/L] [L]43．meanwhile替换at the same time[/L] [L]44．get to one’s feet替换stand up [/L] [L]45．beneath替换under[/L] [L]46．occasionally替换sometimes /once in while[/L] [L]47．for instance替换for example[/L] [L]48．seldom替换not often[/L] [L]49．wealthy替换 rich[/L] [L]50．amazing替换surprising [/L] [L]51．as a matter of fact 替换in fact
[L]二．高级句型结构[/L] [L]◆ It句型[/L] [L]① It will be + some time + before…[/L] [L] It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.[/L] [L]② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.[/L] [L] It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.[/L] [L]He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.（2008年湖北卷）[/L] [L]③ It is + 被强调部分 + that…[/L] [L] 1) It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.[/L] [L] 2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge.[/L] [L]◆ more …than any other 表示最高级[/L] [L] Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else.[/L] [L]◆ 名词从句[/L] [L]① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk. ( 2004 全国卷 Ⅲ )[/L] [L] ② My hometown is no longer what it used to be.[/L] [L]◆（非限制性）定语从句[/L] [L] ① The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→[/L] [L] The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. (NMET 2003)[/L] [L] ② It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life. (2002 北京卷)[/L] [L]◆ 分词结构[/L] [L]① I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well. (NMET 2001)[/L] [L]② We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people. (2004 全国卷Ⅱ)[/L] [L]③ Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.（2004 辽宁卷）[/L] [L]④ Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.（2008年湖南卷）[/L] [L]◆ with结构[/L] [L] ① A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eighty injured.[/L] [L] ② He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase in his left hand. [/L] [L]◆ 倒装句[/L] [L]① The library is to the east of the teaching building. →[/L] [L] East of the teaching building is the library.[/L] [L]② Although we are tired, we are happy.→[/L] [L] Tired as we are, we are happy.[/L] [L] ③ Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man. (2002 上海卷)[/L] [L]④ May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!（2007年湖南卷）[/L] [L]◆ 被动语态[/L] [L] ① Opinions are divided on the question. (NMET 2002)[/L] [L]② All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students. (2004全国卷 Ⅳ) [/L] [L]③ New factories, houses and roads have been built.(2004 江苏卷)[/L] [L]◆ 巧妙的改写[/L] [L]（1）．Only 改成no one but [/L] [L]Only Tom passed the exam last week. → No one but Tom passed the exam.[/L] [L]（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/The moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.[/L] [L]（3）．have sb/sth do/done [/L] [L] The girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.).[/L] [L]（4）．变换插入语的位置[/L] [L] ① However, they suggest fees should be charged low. → [/L] [L] They suggest, however, fees should be charged low. (NMET 2002)[/L] [L] ② I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. →[/L] [L] This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. (2004 全国卷Ⅰ)[/L] [L](5). 用同位语代替非限制性定语从句[/L] [L] Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.→[/L] [L]Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days. (2002上海卷)[/L] [L]Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.（2008年湖南卷）[/L] [L] ◆ 其它[/L] [L] （1）注重句子的开头[/L] [L] ① 用with复合结构开头[/L] [L] With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.[/L] [L] With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.（2006年湖南卷）[/L] [L]With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.（2009年江苏卷）[/L] [L] ② 用非谓语动词形式开头[/L] [L] ⅰ）In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.[/L] [L] ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.[/L] [L] （2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）[/L] [L]◆◆ 相关过渡语[/L] [L]1). 表示时间顺序: first, then, afterwards, meanwhile, later，first of all, finally, at last…[/L] [L]2). 表示空间顺序: near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side…[/L] [L]3). 表示比较、对照: like, unlike, such as, but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, nevertheless, otherwise…[/L] [L]4). 表示因果关系: because, for, as a result, therefore, thus…[/L] [L]5). 表示递进关系: besides, what’s more, what was worse, moreover, furthermore, in addition, on top of…[/L] [L]6). 表示并列关系: and, as well as, also…[/L] [L]7). 表示总结性: in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief, to conclude…[/L]
