（图源：nobelprize/facebook） I, the undersigned, Alfred Bernhard Nobel, after mature deliberation, hereby declare the following to be my last will and testament with regard to such property as I may leave upon my death: My nephews, Hjalmar and Ludvig Nobel, sons of my brother Robert Nobel, will each receive the sum of two hundred thousand crowns; My nephew Emmanuel Nobel will receive the sum of three hundred thousand, and my niece Mina Nobel one hundred thousand crowns; My brother Robert Nobel’s daughters, Ingeborg and Tyra, will each receive the sum of one hundred thousand crowns; Miss Olga Boettger, presently residing with Mrs Brand, 10 Rue St Florentin in Paris, will receive one hundred thousand francs; Mrs Sofie Kapy von Kapivar, whose address is known to the Anglo-Oesterreichische Bank in Vienna, is entitled to an annuity of 6000 florins Ö.W. which will be paid to her by the aforementioned bank, and to this end I have deposited in this bank the amount of 150 000 florins in Hungarian sovereign bonds. Mr Alarik Liedbeck, residing at 26 Sturegatan, Stockholm, will receive one hundred thousand crowns; Miss Elise Antun, residing at 32 Rue de Lubeck, Paris, is entitled to an annuity of two thousand five hundred francs. In addition, she is entitled to be repaid forty-eight thousand francs of capital that belongs to her and is currently deposited with me; Mr Alfred Hammond, of Waterford, Texas, United States, will receive ten thousand dollars; Miss Emmy Winkelmann and Miss Marie Winkelmann, of Potsdamerstrasse 51, Berlin, will each receive fifty thousand marks; Mrs Gaucher, of 2 bis Boulevard du Viaduc, Nimes, France will receive one hundred thousand francs; My servants, Auguste Oswald and his wife Alphonse Tournand, employed at my laboratory at San Remo, will each receive an annuity of one thousand francs; My former servant, Joseph Girardot, of 5 Place St. Laurent, Châlons sur Saône, France, is entitled to an annuity of five hundred francs, and my former gardener, Jean Lecof, residing with Mrs Desoutter, receveur Curaliste, Mesnil, Aubry pour Ecouen, S.& O., France, will receive an annuity of three hundred francs. Mr Georges Fehrenbach, of 2 Rue Compiègne, Paris, is entitled to collect an annual pension of five thousand francs from 1 January [1896] to 1 January 1899, when it will cease. My brother’s children – Hjalmar, Ludvig, Ingeborg and Tyra – each have a sum of twenty thousand crowns, deposited with me against acknowledgement of receipt, which will be repaid to them; All of my remaining realisable assets are to be disbursed as follows: the capital, converted to safe securities by my executors, is to constitute a fund, the interest on which is to be distributed annually as prizes to those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind. The interest is to be divided into five equal parts and distributed as follows: one part to the person who made the most important discovery or invention in the field of physics; one part to the person who made the most important chemical discovery or improvement; one part to the person who made the most important discovery within the domain of physiology or medicine; one part to the person who, in the field of literature, produced the most outstanding work in an idealistic direction; and one part to the person who has done the most or best to advance fellowship among nations, the abolition or reduction of standing armies, and the establishment and promotion of peace congresses. The prizes for physics and chemistry are to be awarded by the Swedish Academy of Sciences; that for physiological or medical achievements by the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm; that for literature by the Academy in Stockholm; and that for champions of peace by a committee of five persons to be selected by the Norwegian Storting. It is my express wish that when awarding the prizes, no consideration be given to nationality, but that the prize be awarded to the worthiest person, whether or not they are Scandinavian. As executors of my testamentary dispositions, I appoint Mr Ragnar Sohlman, resident in Bofors, Värmland, and Mr Rudolf Liljequist, of 31 Malmskillnadsgatan, Stockholm, and Bengtsfors, close to Uddevalla. As compensation for their attention and efforts, I grant to Mr Ragnar Sohlman, who will probably devote most time to this matter, one hundred thousand crowns, and to Mr Rudolf Liljequist, fifty thousand crowns; My assets currently consist partly of real estate in Paris and San Remo, and partly of securities deposited with the Union Bank of Scotland Ltd in Glasgow and London, with Crédit Lyonnais, Comptoir National d’Escompte, and with Alphen, Messin & Co. in Paris; with stockbroker M.V. Peter of Banque Transatlantique, also in Paris; with the Direction der Disconto Gesellschaft and with Joseph Goldschmidt & Cie in Berlin; with the Russian Central Bank, and with Mr Emmanuel Nobel in Petersburg; with Skandinaviska Kreditaktiebolaget in Gothenburg and Stockholm, with Enskilda Banken in Stockholm and in my strong box at 59 Avenue Malakoff, Paris; as well as of accounts receivable, patents, patent fees or royalties due to me, etc. about which my executors will find information in my papers and books. As of now, this will and testament is the only one that is valid, and revokes all my previous testamentary dispositions, should any such be found after my death. Finally, it is my express wish that following my death, my arteries be severed, and when this has been done and competent doctors have confirmed clear signs of death, my remains be incinerated in a crematorium.Paris, 27 November, 1895Alfred Bernhard NobelWe, the undersigned witnesses, attest that Mr Alfred Bernhard Nobel, being of sound mind and of his own free will, signed this document, which he declared in the presence of us all to be his last will and testament:Sigurd Ehrenborg former Lieutenant Paris: 84 Boulevard HaussmannR. W. Strehlenert Civil Engineer 4, Passage CarolineThos Nordenfelt Constructor 8, Rue Auber, ParisLeonard Hwass Civil Engineer 4, Passage CarolineTranslation by Jeffrey Ganellen 2018 关于发布诺贝尔遗嘱的新版英文译本，诺贝尔基金会（Nobel Foundation）执行董事拉尔斯·海肯斯滕（Lars Heikensten）认为，诺贝尔的意愿和价值观比以往任何时候都更加重要。[2] Q：阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔的遗嘱背后有什么故事？ A：1896年阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔去世时，他的临终遗嘱如同星星之火，引发了诺贝尔奖的诞生。阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔是瑞典的实业家和发明家，他相信进步、科学和人文义。他希望奖励这种进步，并在这份引人瞩目的文件中概述了他的意愿：诺贝尔奖的授予不考虑获奖者的国籍，获奖者将发挥榜样作用，激励更多人行善。 第一届诺贝尔奖于1901年颁发，奖项包括诺贝尔物理学、化学、生理学或医学、文学以及和平奖。 Q：这份遗嘱对诺贝尔基金会意味着什么？ A：这对我们意义重大——它为我们如何运营制定了指导方针。诺贝尔基金会完全有义务履行诺贝尔遗嘱中的意愿。 Q：为什么对遗嘱进行重新翻译？ A：我们希望这是一份具有生命力的文件，阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔的话能被许多人阅读。为了确保这一点，你同样需要更新语言，以适应当代读者。 Q：这版翻译有什么变化？ A：可能引起人们兴趣的一点在于这一关键表述：该奖项应授予那些为“全人类最大利益”（the greatest benefit to humankind）作出贡献的人。早前版本中使用的是“mankind”（人类），但现在这个词理应进行更新。 Q：诺贝尔的遗嘱在今天有多重要？ A：诺贝尔在遗嘱中勾勒出的思维方式比以往任何时候都更有意义。在我们如今生活的时代，基于事实的推理和言论自由在世界许多地方都受到挑战。我们需要捍卫这些价值观。作为诺贝尔基金会，我们有责任这么做。
