*仅供医学专业人士参考阅读
一项网状荟萃分析评估不同联合方案对耐碳青霉烯类革兰阴性菌感染协同杀菌效应,共纳入136项研究的180多种联合方案。最常用联合方案是多黏菌素和碳青霉烯类。研究结果显示:碳青霉烯联合氨基糖苷类/或联合多黏菌素B等对CRKP具有较高协同效应。
此外,多项研究均显示,以碳青霉烯为基础联合方案对CRKP菌株的协同杀菌效应,尤其是针对产KPC酶的CRKP。需要注意的是,近期完成的一项前瞻性研究,旨在分析菌株对抗菌药物的敏感性与磷霉素联合美罗培南协同效应分析,发现美罗培南联合磷霉素方案存在显著协同作用。
一项旨在评价多黏菌素B分别与美罗培南、利福平联合用药对临床分离的CRKP的体外抗菌作用的研究,采用肉汤稀释法和棋盘稀释法测定多黏菌素B分别联用美罗培南和利福平对20株临床分离的CRKP的最低抑菌浓度,并计算部分抑菌浓度指数的研究。研究结果显示:多黏菌素B与美罗培南联用后,协同作用为55%,相加作用为45%;多黏菌素B与美罗培南联用后,多黏菌素B的MIC 50与MIC 90均为单药的1/4,美罗培南的MIC 50与MIC 90为单药的1/32和1/4,对于CRKP,美罗培南和多黏菌素B联用发挥协同,两者的MIC显著降低。
一项旨在分析分离菌株对抗菌药物的敏感性与磷霉素联合美罗培南协同效应的前瞻性研究,纳入对β-内酰胺类和黏菌素耐药革兰氏阴性菌株,研究发现美罗培南联合磷霉素方案针对CRE具有协同作用,美罗培南联合后的MIC值至少降低8倍以上。
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