我陷入了一种奇怪的情况,当我将它作为Web应用程序运行时,我已经定义的sessionFactory正在自动连接到DAO类.
但是,当我尝试对这个DAO类进行单元测试时,spring不会将sessionFactory自动装配到DAO类并抛出以下异常.
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'activityDAO': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private org.hibernate.SessionFactory com.adwitiya.vdb.data.activity.ActivityDAO.sessionFactory; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [org.hibernate.SessionFactory] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)} at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:287) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1106) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:456) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:294) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:225) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:193) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:609) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:918) at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:469) at org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.<init>(AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.java:84) at com.adwitiya.vdb.data.activity.ActivityDAOTest.testConstructor(ActivityDAOTest.java:31) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:45) at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15) at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:42) at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:20) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:263) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:68) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:47) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:231) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:60) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:229) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:50) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:222) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:300) at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4TestSet.execute(JUnit4TestSet.java:53) at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.executeTestSet(JUnit4Provider.java:123) at org.apache.maven.surefire.junit4.JUnit4Provider.invoke(JUnit4Provider.java:104) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601) at org.apache.maven.surefire.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethodWithArray(ReflectionUtils.java:164) at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ProviderFactory$ProviderProxy.invoke(ProviderFactory.java:110) at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireStarter.invokeProvider(SurefireStarter.java:175) at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.SurefireStarter.runSuitesInProcessWhenForked(SurefireStarter.java:107) at org.apache.maven.surefire.booter.ForkedBooter.main(ForkedBooter.java:68) Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private org.hibernate.SessionFactory com.adwitiya.vdb.data.activity.ActivityDAO.sessionFactory; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [org.hibernate.SessionFactory] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)} at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:506) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:284) ... 41 more Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [org.hibernate.SessionFactory] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)} at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:952) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:821) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:735) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:478) ... 43 more我已经完成了大量的谷歌搜索,但找不到解决这个问题的方法.如果你能帮助我,我会感到非常高兴和感激.
这是我的配置和类文件.
Web.xml-------<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0"> <session-config> <session-timeout> 30 </session-timeout> </session-config> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextListener</listener-class> </listener> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value> /WEB-INF/vdb-data.xml </param-value> </context-param> <filter> <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name> <filter-class> org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter </filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>vdb</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>vdb</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file></welcome-file> </welcome-file-list></web-app>我的主要MVC配置文件如下.
vdb-servlet.xml---------------<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:lang="http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.1.xsd"> <mvc:resources mapping="/skin/**" location="/skin/" /> <context:annotation-config /> <context:component-scan base-package="com.adwitiya.vdb" /> <bean id="jspViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> <mvc:annotation-driven /></beans>下面是与数据库相关的spring配置文件
vdb-data.xml------------<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xmlns:lang="http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.1.xsd"> <bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource"> <property name="basename" value="classpath:messages" /> <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8" /> </bean> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties" /> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="hibernateTransactionManager"/> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${database.driver}" /> <property name="url" value="${database.url}" /> <property name="username" value="${database.user}" /> <property name="password" value="${database.password}" /> </bean> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.adwitiya.vdb.domain" /> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.c3p0.min_size">${hibernate.c3p0.min_size}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.c3p0.max_size">${hibernate.c3p0.max_size}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.c3p0.timeout">${hibernate.c3p0.timeout}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.c3p0.max_statements">${hibernate.c3p0.max_statements}</prop> <prop key="hibernate.c3p0.idle_test_period">${hibernate.c3p0.idle_test_period}</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <bean id="hibernateTransactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> </bean></beans>DAO类
ActivityDAO-----------package com.adwitiya.vdb.data.activity;import com.adwitiya.vdb.domain.Activity;import org.apache.log4j.Logger;import org.hibernate.HibernateException;import org.hibernate.Session;import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;@Repository("activityDAO")public class ActivityDAO{ @Autowired private SessionFactory sessionFactory; private Session session; private boolean status; private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(ActivityDAO.class); public ActivityDAO() { try { session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession(); }catch(Exception exception) { logger.error(("Unable to initiate session because of the problem " exception.getMessage())); } } public boolean add(Activity activity) { try { logger.info("Trying to add an activity " activity.toString()); session.save(activity); status = true; logger.info("Added the activity " activity.toString() " successfully"); }catch(HibernateException exception) { logger.error("Couldn't add an activity " activity.toString() " because of the problem " exception.getMessage()); }catch(Exception exception) { logger.error("Couldn't add an activity " activity.toString() " because of the problem " exception.getMessage()); } return status; } public boolean modify(Activity activity) { try { logger.info("Trying to modify the activity " activity.toString()); session.saveOrUpdate(activity); status = true; logger.info("Updated the activity " activity.toString() "successfully"); }catch(HibernateException exception) { logger.error("Couldn't modify the activity " activity.toString() " because of the problem " exception.getMessage()); }catch(Exception exception) { logger.error("Couldn't modify the activity " activity.toString() " because of the problem " exception.getMessage()); } return status; } public boolean delete(Activity activity) { try { logger.info("Trying to delete the activity " activity.toString()); session.delete(activity); status=true; logger.info("Deleted the activity " activity.toString() " successfully"); }catch(HibernateException exception) { logger.error("Couldn't delete the activity " activity.toString() " because of the problem " exception.getMessage()); }catch(Exception exception) { logger.error("Couldn't delete the activity " activity.toString() " because of the problem " exception.getMessage()); } return status; } public SessionFactory getSessionFactory() { return sessionFactory; } public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) { this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory; } public Session getSession() { return session; } public void setSession(Session session) { this.session = session; } public boolean isStatus() { return status; } public void setStatus(boolean status) { this.status = status; }}最后,ActivityDAOTest类
ActivityDAOTest---------------package com.adwitiya.vdb.data.activity;import org.hibernate.Session;import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;import org.junit.Test;import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;@ContextConfiguration( locations = { "classpath:vdb-servlet.xml", "classpath:vdb-data.xml"})public class ActivityDAOTest{ public ActivityDAOTest() { } @Test public void testConstructor() { Session thisSession = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory().openSession(); ApplicationContext appcontext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext("com.adwitiya.vdb"); ActivityDAO activityDAO = (ActivityDAO) appcontext.getBean("ActivityDAO"); Session session = activityDAO.getSession(); assertEquals(thisSession,session); }}解决方法:
您需要配置JUnit,以便它使用注释支持Spring注入：
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)然后你可以自动连接你的DAO来测试它：
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration( locations = { "classpath:vdb-servlet.xml", "classpath:vdb-data.xml"})public class ActivityDAOTest{ @Autowired private ActivityDAO activityDAO; @Test public void testConstructor(){ activityDAO.methodTotest(); }}联系客服
