2014高考英语二轮专题复习强化训练：情态动词和虚拟语气
题型1 高考体验题组 |
1.(2013·全国Ⅰ，29)The door ________ open, no matter how hard she pushed.
A．shouldn't B．couldn't
C．wouldn't D．mightn't
答案：C 本题考查情态动词的用法。句意：不管她怎样用力推，门就是打不开。would情态动词(表示尽管付出很大努力却没有发生)就(不)，偏(不)，如：He kicked, pushed, and hurled his shoulder at the door. It wouldn't open.他冲着门又踢又推，还用肩膀撞，但门就是打不开。故C项正确。
2．(2013·江苏，30)I should not have laughed if I ________ you were serious.
A．thought B．would think
C．had thought D．have thought
答案：C 考查虚拟语气。句意：我本不应该笑的，如果想到你是严肃的。由主句should not have laughed可以看出，与过去事实相反，所以if引起的条件状语从句用过去完成时。故选C项。
3．(2013·安徽，34)It ________ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.
A．may B．couldn't
C．should D．needn't
答案：B 本题考查强调句和情态动词。句意：不可能是词汇导致了你练习中的问题，因为你知道很多的词。根据后半句“because you know a lot of words”，可知此处要用否定词，故排除A、C两项；couldn't“不可能”；needn't“不需要”，根据句意可知答案为B。
4．(2013·浙江，3)I ________ myself more—it was a perfect day.
A．shouldn't have enjoyed B．mustn't have enjoyed
C．wouldn't have enjoyed D．couldn't have enjoyed
答案：D 本题考查情态动词＋have done。句意：我从未能玩得这么高兴过——完美的一天。A项shouldn't have done表示“本不应该干某事而事实上已经干了”；B项needn't have done表示“本没有必要干某事而事实上已经干了”；C项wouldn't have done只用于虚拟语气；D项couldn't have done 不可能干过，此处又用not more构成肯定的含义，意为“没能比这更高兴过”。所以正确答案为D。
5．(2013·浙江，8)Eye doctors recommend that a child's first eye exam ________ at the age of six months old.
A．was B．be
C．were D．is
答案：B 本题考查虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用。句意：眼科医生建议孩子的第一次视力检查应该在六个月大的时候。recommend推荐，建议；后接从句，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should do，should可以省略，所以正确答案为B。
6．(2013·辽宁，31)Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He ______ too much at the party last night.
A．could drink B．should drink
C．would have drunk D．must have drunk
答案：D 考查情态动词的用法。句意：哈里感觉很不舒服。他一定是在昨晚的聚会上喝得太多了。此处是对过去行为的推测，故排除A，B项；C项意为：可能会喝；D项是对过去的肯定推测，“过去一定做了……”
7．(2013·天津，9)No one ________ be more generous; he has a heart of gold.
A．could B．must
C．dare D．need
答案：A 本题考查情态动词。题意：没有人能更慷慨，他有一颗金子般的心。could能够，符合题意，故选A项。must必须，一定；dare敢，need需要，皆不合题意。
8．(2013·陕西，21)The children ________ lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.
A．must have got B．must get
C．should have got D．should get
答案：A 本题考查情态动词。句意：孩子们一定是在树林里迷路了，否则按时间他们会在湖边野营了。根据下文可知此处是做了很有把握的肯定的推测，故用must；由would have been 可知是过去的事情，要表示对于过去的事情的推测要用情态动词＋have done的形式，故选A项。C项表示“本应该做某事(而没做)”。
9．(2013·湖南，32)He ________ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.
A．wouldn't B．shouldn't
C．couldn't D．mustn't
答案：C 考查情态动词。句意：当他急于想出办法时，尽管他想睡，却无法入睡，直到他想出办法为止。表
10．(2013·北京，34)If we ________ a table earlier, we wouldn't be standing here in a queue.
A．have booked B．booked
C．book D．had booked
答案：D 本题考查虚拟语气，是错综复杂虚拟条件句。句意：如果你早订张桌子的话，我们现在就不会站在这儿排队了。根据语境可知，此处是if引导的虚拟
11．(2013·四川，5)—Why are your eyes so red? You ________ have slept well last night.
—Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.
A．can't B．mustn't
C．needn't D．won't
答案：A 本题考查情态动词表示推测的用法。句意：你的眼睛为什么这么红？你昨天晚上肯定没有睡好。can't have done在此表示过去不可能发生某事。
12．(2013·重庆，26)—What are you doing this Saturday?
—I'm not sure, but I ________ go to the Rolling Stones concert.
A．must B．would
C．should D．might
答案：D 本题考查情态动词。句意：——这星期六你干什么？——我不确定，但是我可能会去听滚石乐队。must表示推测时意为“肯定，一定”；would会，表示意愿；should 应该；might或许，可能，表示有一定的可能性。由前置语境I'm not sure可知，此处表示不确定，但是有可能，故选might，D项正确。
13．(2013·重庆，29)—It rained cats and dogs this morning. I'm glad we took an umbrella.
—Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we ________.
A．hadn't B．haven't
C．didn't D．don't
答案：A 本题考查虚拟语气。句意：——今天早上下了倾盆大雨。我很高兴我们带着雨伞。——是的。如果我们没带雨伞的话就会全身湿透的。由语境可知，此处是if引导的虚拟条件句，叙述与过去事实相反，主句谓语动词用would/should/could/might have done，从句谓语动词用had done，故A项正确。此处是省略形式，其完整的形式为．..if we hadn't taken an umbrella。
14．(2011·全国卷，8)If you ________ smoke, please go outside.
A．can B．should
C．must D．may
答案：C 句意：如果你一定要吸烟，请到外面去。if you must do sth.“如果你一定要做某事”(表示虽不赞同，但允许)，为习惯用语。
15．(2011·重庆卷，25)—Why didn't you come to Simon's party last night?
—I wanted to, but my mom simply ________ not let me out so late at night.
A．could B．might
C．would D．should
答案：C 本题考查情态动词。句意：——昨天晚上你为什么没有参加西蒙的聚会？——我想去，只是我妈妈不愿意让我晚上那么晚出去。would此处表示意愿，符合题意。could“可能”；might“可能，可以”；should“应当”。
16．(2011·四川卷，20)The police still haven't found the lost child，but they're doing all they ________.
A．can B．may
C．must D．should
答案：A 本题考查情态动词。句意：警察还是没有找到那个走失的孩子，但是他们在尽最大努力。can表示能力，意为：能够。all they can同 all that they can do。
17．(2011·浙江卷，11)—How's your new babysitter?
—We ________ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much.
A．should B．might
C．mustn't D．couldn't
答案：D 考查情态动词。句意：——你家新来照看孩子的人怎么样？——我们找了一个再好不过的了。我家孩子都很喜欢她。should “应该”；might “或许”；mustn't “不可以，禁止”；couldn't“不可能”。“couldn't/can't＋比较级”表示最高级意思，意为“再……
18．(2011·辽宁卷，21)If you______go, at least wait until the storm is over.
A．can B．may
C．must D．will
答案：C 本题考查情态动词。句意：如果你一定要走，至少要等到暴风雨结束。can“可能”；may“可以”；must“必须”；will“将要”。根据句意，C项正确。
19．(2011·福建卷，25)—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?
—I am afraid you______，in case he comes late for the meeting.
A．will B．must
C．may D．can
答案：B 本题考查情态动词的基本用法。句意：——我现在就告诉他时间安排的变化吗？——恐怕你必须告诉他，以防他开会迟到。will用作情态动词，表意愿，意为“愿意”；must“必须”，语气较强；may“可以，或许”；can“能，能够”。由语境可知，此处语气较强，意为“必须现在告诉他”故用must。
20．(2011·北京卷，24)—I don't really like James. Why did you invite him?
—Don't worry. He ________ come. He said he wasn't certain what his plans were.
A. must not B. need not
C. would not D. might not
答案：D 本题考查情态动词。句意：——我实在不喜欢詹姆斯。你为什么邀请他呢？——不用担心。他可能不来。他说他不确定他有什么计划。must not“禁止，不许”；need not“不必”；would可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向，would not“过去不”；might not“可能不”。此处表示将来的动作，故用might 表委婉的推测。
21. (2011·北京卷，30)Maybe if I ________ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.
A. studied B. would study
C. had studied D. was studying
答案：C 本题考查虚拟语气。句意：或许当时如果我不学文学而学自然科学的话，我会给你更多的帮助。if从句若表示不能实现的假设，要用虚拟语气；根据关键词then可知if从句表示过去的动作，故用过去完成时态。
22．(2011·湖南卷，28)—No one ________ be compared with Yao Ming in playing basketball.
—Oh, you are really his big fan.
A．can B．need
C．must D．might
答案：A 本题考查情态动词在具体语境中的运用。句意：——在打篮球方面，没有人能够与姚明相比。——哦，你真是他的球迷。can“能够”；need“需要”；must“必须”；might“也许”。由句意可知A项正确。
23．(2011·陕西卷，22)I________through that bitter period without your generous help.
A. couldn't have gone B. didn't go
C. wouldn't go D. hadn't gone
答案：A 考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意：如果没有你的慷慨帮助，我不可能度过那么艰难的时期。without your generous help相当于if it hadn't been for your generous help，所以主句用“情态动词＋完成时形式”表示对过去情况的虚拟，couldn't have done sth.“本来不能做某事(而实际上做到了)
24．(2011·陕西卷，24)—Will you read me a story, Mummy?
—OK.You________have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.
A. might B. must
C. could D. shall
答案：D 考查情态动词。句意：——妈妈，可以给我讲个故事吗？——好的，如果你尽快上床去睡觉，你就会听到的。此处shall用于第二人称的陈述句，表示“允诺”，其他三项无此用法。
25．(2011·江西卷，23)It ________ be the postman at the door. It's only six o'clock.
A．mustn't B．can't
C．won't D．needn't
答案：B 本题考查情态动词。句意：不可能是邮递员在门口。才六点钟。mustn't“禁止，不许”；can't“不可能”；won't “将不”；needn't“不必”。此处表示个人的主观推测，用can，can表示个人主观推测常用于疑问句和否定句。
26．(2011·江西卷，28)We ________ John's name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.
A．will put B．will have put
C．would put D．would have put
答案：D 本题考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是因为约翰最近受伤的话，我们昨天就把他的名字写在比赛名单上了。But for his recent injury是含蓄虚拟条件句，而且句中有明确的时间状语，故主句用would have done。
题型2 高考模拟题组 |
27.(2013·海淀区期末，31)—Could you please have my car ready today?
—Sure, the damage i
A．should B．could
C．might D．need
答案：A 考查情态动词用法。句意为：我的车今天能修好吗？当然，
28．(2013·海淀区期末，35)The parcel was a whole week late. How I wish I ________ air mail instead.
A．had chosen B．would choose
C．chose D．choose
答案：A 考查虚拟语气。句意为：这个包裹晚了整整一周。我多么希望我当初选择的是航空邮政。根据题干可知，本句考查的是wish后的宾语从句使用虚拟语气的用法。根据语境可知，此处是与过去情况相反的虚拟语气，故应用“had＋过去分词”结构，had chosen符合题意。故答案选A。
29．(2013·西城区二模，24)—________ you leave now? You only arrived an hour ago!
—Sorry, but so much homework is waiting for me.
A．Must B．May
C．Can D．Might
答案：A 考查情态动词。句意为：现在必须得走吗？你一个小时前才到呀！对不起，但是我还有很多作业要做。must意为“必须，非得”；may意为“可以”；can意为“能”；might意为“可以”，语气比较婉转。四个选项中只有must符合语境，故答案选A。
30．(2013·东北三省四市第二次联考，34)There was something wrong with the network, or the email ________ earlier.
A．could have been sent B．might be sent
C．need have been sent D．must be sent
答案：A 考查虚拟语气。句意为：网络出了问题，否则那封电子邮件本可以早点发出去的。or引导的是含蓄式虚拟语气，其后面的句子相当于主句。根据前面句子中的时态(一般过去时)可知，or后面的句子中的谓语动词应用“should/could/would＋have done”形式。故答案选A。
31．(2013·沈阳市二模，25)A hot balloon blew up in Egypt. There ________ something wrong with the quality of it.
A．may have been B．must be
C．need have been D．might be
答案：A 考查情态动词。句意为：在埃及一个热气球爆炸了，可能是热气球的质量出了问题。根据blew可知，此处表示对过去情况的推测，故用“情态动词＋have done”的形式。故答案选A。need have done意为“本需要做某事却没有做”，不符合语境，故可排除。
32．(2013·哈尔滨市质检，31)—David is often absent from class.
—Tell him he ________ answer for it if he goes on behaving like that.
A．shall B．might
C．would D．can
答案：A 考查情态动词。句意为：David现在经常旷课。告诉他，如果再这样，后果自负。情态动词shall用于第二、三人称的陈述句中，可表示警告、许诺、命令、威胁等语气。故答案选A。
33．(2013·吉林省质检，26)Time ________ heal a broken heart. After five years, Steve seems to have got over the sorrow of losing his son.
A．should B．would
C．shall D．can
答案：D 考查情态动词。句意为：时间会治愈一颗破碎的心。五年过去了，Steve似乎已从丧子之痛中走了出来。can表示主语有某种能力或可能性，强调客观性、普遍性和反复性，符合题意。
34．(2013·吉林省质检，34)For those of you who ________ a few very popular articles that came out last week, check out this mail.
A．may miss B．must have missed
C．may have missed D．would have missed
答案：C 考查情态动词。may/might＋have done意为“或许已经做了……”，表示对已经发生的事情做出不太肯定的推测，强调语气的委婉有礼，社交意味浓。must have done单纯用来表示对过去的推断，且语境中要提供做出此判断的证据，意为“一定是已经做了……”，语气主观且直接，不容置疑。would have done一般只与表虚拟的if从句连用。根据语境可知，答案选C。
35．(2013·济南市4月模拟，28)—Can you keep a secret?
—You ________ worry—I'm not going to mention it to anyone.
A．needn't B．couldn't
C．mustn't D．won't
答案：A 考查情态动词。句意为：你能帮我保守秘密吗？你不必担心，我不会向任何人提及的。needn't不必要；couldn't不能够；mustn't禁止；won't将不会。根据句意可知，答案A符合语境。
36．(2013·青岛市质检，25)We ________ here on time but we were caught in a traffic jam.
A．must have arrived B．could have arrived
C．need have arrived D．should have arrived
答案：B 考查虚拟语气。句意为：我们本来能够准时到达，可是我们遇到交通堵塞了。could have arrived意为“本来能够到达，却没有到达”，符合语境，故B项正确。A项意为“一定已经到达”，表示对过去事情的肯定推测；C项意为“本来需要到达”；D项意为“本来应该到达，却没有到达”，均与语境不符，故排除。
37．(2013·杭州市一模，19)If you ________ home without a word, your parents wouldn't be so worried now.
A．didn't leave B．couldn't have left
C．hadn't left D．shouldn't leave
答案：C 考查虚拟语气。句意为：如果不是你不说一句话就离开家的话，你父母现在就不会如此着急了。本句是一个混合虚拟语气，if从句是对过去事情的假设，所以从句谓语动词用had done形式；而主句则是对现在事情的假设，故主句谓语用would do形式。故选C。
38．(2013·杭州市二模，6)If I ________ your advice then, I think that the crops could be growing better.
A．took B．would have taken
C．had taken D．have taken
答案：C 考查虚拟语气。句意为：要是当时我听了你的建议，现在庄稼可能长得更好。由“then”可知，此处是对过去事实的虚拟，所以if引导的条件句要用“had＋过去分词”形式。故答案选C。
39．(2013·南京市二模，27)—How was your trip to Yancheng last week?
—Wonderful! I only felt sorry that I ________ the nature reserve of redcrowned cranes, but the weather was awful.
A．could visit B．could have visited
C．might visit D．might have visited
答案：B 考查虚拟语气。句意为：你上周去盐城的旅游怎么样？相当不错！要不是天气糟糕的话，我本可以去参观丹顶鹤自然保护区的。那是我唯一感到遗憾的事情。本题为含蓄式虚拟语气的表达，其中but引导的句子相当于if条件句。根据语意可知，此处是对过去情况的假设虚拟，因此主句中的谓语动词应用“should/could/would＋have done”的形式。故答案选B。
40．(2013·南京市二模，31)If you want somebody to go window shopping with you, why not try calling Marie? —she ________ be home by now.
A．shall B．should
C．will D．would
答案：B 考查情态动词。句意为：如果你想找个人和你一起去逛商店，为什么不给Marie打电话呢？她现在应该在家。根据语意可知，此处表示“按理应该”，应用“should”一词。故答案选B。
41．(2013·苏锡常镇二模，32)People love the convenience of bottled water, but if they ________ the problem it causes, they ________ try carrying water in a reusable steel container instead of plastic.
A．realized; will B．had realized; will
C．realized; would D．have realized; would
答案：C 考查虚拟语气。句意为：人们喜欢瓶装水的便利，但如果他们意识到瓶装水会导致的问题，他们就会使用可循环利用的铁罐代替塑料瓶来携带水。if虚拟句表示对现在的虚拟假设，从句用一般过去时，主句用would＋do形式。故答案选C。
42．(2013·苏锡常镇二模，35)—Show me your permit, please.
—Oh, it's not in my pocket. It ________.
A．must have fallen out B．might fall out
C．could fall out D．should have fallen out
答案：A 考查情态动词。句意为：请给我看你的准入证。哦，证件不在我的口袋里，肯定是掉了。must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测，意为“一定做过某事，一定发生了某事”。根据语境可知，答案选A。
43．(2013·合肥市一模，34)According to the rules and regulations, all payments ________ be made in cash in the shopping center.
A．shall B．can
C．must D．should
答案：A 考查情态动词。句意为：根据规定，购物中心的所有款项都应以现金支付。情态动词shall用于第三人称时，表示“法律和条文等的规定”。故答案选A。
44．(2013·合肥市二模，34)Martin hasn't got in touch with me for ages. He ________ my new cell phone number.
A．can't get B．mustn't get
C．can't have got D．shouldn't have got
答案：C 考查情态动词。句意为：Martin已经很多年没有联系我了。他可能没有我新的电话号码。can用于否定句中表示推测，且与hasn't got in touch with me相呼应可知，是对已发生事情的推测，故答案C符合语境。must表示推测只用于肯定句；shouldn't have done本不应该做某事而做了，不符合语境，故排除。
45．(2013·南昌市二模，32)—How dangerous it was!
—Yes, but for the passerby's quick action, the girl ________.
A．was drowned B．could have been drowned
C．had drowned D．should be drowned
答案：B 考查情态动词及语态。句意为：刚才好危险啊。是啊，要不是路人反应快，那个女孩就要溺水了。the girl和drown之间构成被动关系，排除选项C；根据but for和was可知，此处表示对过去发生的事情的虚拟，主句中谓语动词应用“would (should，could，might)＋have＋过去分词”形式。故B项正确。
46．(2013·福建省毕业班质检，34)The project was carefully planned, or a great deal of money ________.
A．will lose B．will be lost
C．would have lost D．would have been lost
答案：D 考查虚拟语气。句意为：这个项目计划很周详，否则会损失很多钱。根据was和转折连词or提示可知，是对过去事实进行虚拟，故主句用should/would/could＋have done的形式，由此可知，答案D符合语境。
47．(2013·长
A．had supported B．supported
C．have supported D．support
答案：B 考查虚拟语气。句意为：我及时扶住了他，要不然他就会从自行车上掉下来了。根据题干中的“otherwise he would have fallen off the bike”可知，逗号前面的句子表示过去已发生的事实，所以用一般过去时supported。故答案选B。
48．(2013·长沙市一模，34)—The research on the new flu virus vaccin
—________ my students have a try?
A．May B．Must
C．Will D．Shall
答案：D 考查情态动词辨析。句意为：新病毒疫苗的研究要求高又具有挑战性，你认为谁能做这个工作呢？我的学生可以试一试吗？may一般不和第三人称构成疑问句；must意为“必须”，不符合文义；will引导疑问句时，表示“将……”，均不符合文义。shall用于第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示，符合文义。故答案选D。
49．(2013·长沙市二模，32)She often shares her deepest thoughts and fears with friends through QQ, as if they ________ chatting in her living room.
A．were B．are
C．had been D．has been
答案：A 考查虚拟语气。句意为：她经常在QQ上和朋友们分享她内心最深处的想法和担心，好像他们正在客厅里聊天似的。根据语境可知，as if引导的状语从句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，因此，从句中用be的过去式were。故答案选A。
50．(2013·天津市十二区县联考二，8)Oh, I'm not feeling well in the stomach. I ________ so much fried chicken just now.
A．shouldn't eat B．mustn't have eaten
C．mustn't eat D．shouldn't have eaten
答案：D 考查情态动词。情态动词与动词原形连用可以表示对现在和将来的推测；当它与动词完成式连用时表示对过去的推测。本题根据just now可排除A、C两项；must have done意为“想必过去一定做过某事”，其否定式常用can't have done形式；shouldn't have done意为“过去本不应该做某事”。由语境可知，此处是指刚才本不该吃那么多炸鸡。故D项正确。
51．(2013·西安市标准化考练，15)Thanks to my teacher's valuable help, otherwise I ________ my college entrance exam.
A．can't pass B．hadn't passed
C．would not have passed D．have not passed
答案：C 考查虚拟语气。由语境知，幸亏老师给“我”的巨大帮助，否则“我”不可能通过高考。前面从句相当于一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，因此后面主句谓语动词应为would/could/might/should＋have＋过去分词。故C项正确。
52．(2013·西安市标准化考练，21)Your teacher ________ very angry at that moment because you talked back to her like that.
A．should have been B．must have been
C．must be D．might have been
答案：B 考查情态动词。由语境知，你那样对老师说话，想必她一定很生气。should have done过去本应该……must have done想必过去一定……might have done也许已经……根据“at the moment”和“talked”可知，此处是对过去事情的猜测，故排除C项。由语境可知，B项正确。
53．(2013·郑州市二模，35)Don't be angry with us. We ________ with you together, but we were busy with our final reports when you called in.
A．would eat out B．must have eaten out
C．should eat out D．could have eaten out
答案：D 考查虚拟语气。句意为：别生我们的气，我们本来可以和你出去吃饭的，但是当你叫我们的时候，我们正在忙着做最后的报告。由“we were busy with our final reports when you called in”可知，事情发生在过去，故首先排除A、C两项。must have eaten out“一定出去吃了”；could have eaten out“原本可以出去吃”。根据句意可知，答案选D。
54．(2013·石家庄市一模，28)When Harry was at college, he ________ go to the reading room after supper every day.
A．should B．might
C．would D．could
答案：C 考查情态动词。句意为：Harry上大学的时候，每天晚饭后都要去阅览室。should“应该”；might“或许”；would“过去常常，愿意”；could“能够”。根据语境和时间状语every day可知，此处表示过去习惯性的动作，would符合题意。故答案选C。
55．(2013·成都市二诊，9)—Where did you get this book?
—I picked it up from a secondhand bookshop if you ________ know.
A．must B．will
C．can D．shall
答案：A 考查情态动词辨析。句意为：你在哪买到这本书的？如果你非要知道的话，我是在二手书店买到的。must此处表示“非要，偏偏”，符合题意，故选A。
56．(2013·重庆市考前模拟，33)—Jim is very sick these days. He coughs so badly.
—In my opinion, he really ________ listen to the doctor and cut down on smoking.
A．should B．can
C．may D．need
答案：A 考查情态动词。句意为：Jim最近很虚弱，他咳嗽得很厉害。我觉得他应该听医生的建议，少抽烟。should意为“应该”；can意为“能”；may意为“可以”；need意为“需要”。根据语境可知，答案选A。
57．(2013·云南省第二次统检，7)—You will never believe that it took us two hours to get to the restaurant.
—Really? You ________ in a traffic jam.
A．needn't have got stuck B．couldn't have got stuck
C．must have got stuck D．should have got stuck
答案：C 考查情态动词。needn't have done sth.意为“本不必做某事”；couldn't have done sth.意为“不可能做过某事”；must have done sth.意为“一定做过某事”；should have done sth.“本应该做某事”。题干考查的是情态动词的用法，表示对过去情况的推测，根据到饭店花费很长时间可知，一定是遇到交通堵塞了，表示对过去情况的一种肯定推测。故答案选C。
58．(2013·海口市调研，33)—Jenny took the 8：00 bus to Guangzhou this morning.
—Really? She ________ the 9：00 train. It's much more comfortable and safer to travel by
A．could have taken B．should take
C．must have taken D．can take
答案：A 考查情态动词。句意为：Jenny今早乘坐8点钟的汽车去了广州。真的吗？她本可以乘坐9点钟的火车的，那要更舒服更安全。根据语意和句中的时态(“took”一词表明为一般过去时)可知，此处表示对过去情况的说明，因此应用情态动词的完成式。must have done表示对过去情况的肯定推测，意为“(过去)一定……”，不符合语境。could have done表示对过去事情的假设，意为“本可以，本能够”，符合语境。故答案选A。
59．(2013·乌鲁木齐三诊，26)Mother reminds, “________ rain, take an umbrella.” as spring approaches.
A．Shall it B．It shall
C．Should it D．It should
答案：C 考查虚拟语气及倒装。句意为：母亲提醒：“要是下雨，就带上雨伞吧。”由于春天到了。根据语境可知，母亲的提醒是对未来情况的假设，故用“If sth./sb. should＋动词原形”形式，其中if可以省略，将should提前构成倒装。故C项正确。
60．(2013·呼和浩特市二调，15)—Why does Thomas speak through every discussion but never listen to the others?
—That's what he ________ do. We used to hate that, but are used to it now.
A．ought to B．can
C．will D．might
答案：C 考
61．(2013·兰州市诊断，5)One of our rules is that every student ________ wear the school uniform while at school.
A．might B．could
C．shall D．will
答案：C 考查情态动词。句意为：我们的规定之一就是每个学生在校期间都要穿校服。shall用于第二、三人称的肯定句中，表示警告、允诺、命令、威胁、规定等语气，符合语境。故答案选C。
62．(2013·兰州市诊断，6)If the island ________ a tourist attraction, last week's earthquake would have caused far more deaths.
A．remained B．would remain
C．has remained D．is to remain
答案：A
63．(2013·贵阳市二模，9)We can't use it to tie the goods because it ________ be broken at the weakest position.
A．shall B．may
C．can D．would
答案：B 考查情态动词辨析。句意为：我们不能用它来捆扎货物，因为在最不牢固的情况下它可能会断掉。根据语境可知，“broken”是对未来情况的推测，B项意为“可能”，表示推测，符合语境，故B项正确。A项意为“一定”，C项意为“能够”，D项表示愿意，均与语境不符，故排除。
64．(2013·西宁市质检一，28)—May I smoke here?
—If you ________， choose a seat in the smoking section.
A．should B．could
C．must D．may
答案：C 考查情
65．(2013·东北三省三校第二次联考，28)No matter how healthy you ________ be, you need to consult a doctor from time to time.
A．should B．will
C．must D．may
答案：D 考查情态动词。should应该，表示义务、责任；will表意愿；must必须，一定；may也许，可能。由语境可知，无论你可能多么健康，都需要不时地去咨询医生。may在此处表推测，符合语境。故D项正确。
66．(2013·上海市八校联考，37)We all know that we ________ our carbon footprint, but I suspect that many people wouldn't be prepared to go as far as Joan Pick, a retired scientist living in south London.
A．must have reduced B．should have reduced
C．may have reduced D．could have reduced
答案：B 考查情态动词。句意为：我们都知道本应该减少碳足迹，但我怀疑很少有人能做到像住在伦敦南部的一位退休的科学家Joan Pick那样。must have done表示对过去情况的肯定猜测，意为“(过去)一定……”；should have done意为“本应该做某事(而未做)”；may have done意为“(过去)或许……”，表示没有太大把握的推测；could have done意为“本可以，本能够”。根据语意可知，答案选B。
67．(2013·上海市八校联考，39)Brain, like muscles, also needs some kind of exercise and nutrition. The more you use your brain in the right direction, the more you ________ enhance your ability.
A．could B．might
C．shall D．will
答案：D 考查情态动词。句意为：大脑像肌肉一样也需要一些锻炼和营养。以正确的方式用脑，你用得越多，就越能够增加你的能力。根据语意可知，此处表示“将，会”的概念，因此应用will一词。故答案选D。
68．(2013·威海两校4月质检，28)________ the arrival of the police, I would have been robbed by two masked men.
A．Had it not been for B．If it were not for
C．Had it been not for D．If it would not be for
答案：A 考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是因为警察赶到，我就被两个蒙面人抢了。与过去事实相反的虚拟语气结构为：If sb. had done sth., sb. would have done sth.，虚拟条件句中的if可省略，且要进行部分倒装。Had it not been for相当于If it had not been for。
69．(2013·东城区统检，35)—Mum, I'm tired.
—Well, if you ________ go to bed after midnight every night, what do you expect?
A．will B．may
C．should D．can
答案：A 考查情态动词。答句句意“哦，如果你总是每晚都午夜过后才睡觉，你还能希望是什么样子呢？”will表示“总是，惯于(表示某事经常发生或总是如此)”，符合句意。
70．(2013·南京市三模，33)The sleeping b
A．was there B．there was
C．should there be D．there should be
答案：C 考查虚拟语气的倒装。句意：如果突然有巨响的话熟睡的婴儿可能会受到惊吓。根据主句中的would be可知，此处表示与将来事实相反的情况，故条件从句应用should＋动词原形，此处should there be可以还原为if there should be，故选C项。
71．(2013·昆明市质检，29)—Nowadays children have more freedom.
—I agree. They ________ do what they like.
A．need B．must
C．should D．can
答案：D 考查情态动词。句意：——如今的孩子们有更多的自由。——我同意(这个观点)。他们可以做喜欢的事。A项“需要”；B项“必须”；C项“应该，应当”；D项“可以，能够”。故答案为D项。
72．(2013·长春市第四次调测，30)—Please don't tell anybody.
—I ________. I promise.
A．can't B．don't
C．won't D．mustn't
答案：C 考查考生对题干的理解和对情态动词用法的掌握情况。该空 will表示“意愿、决心”，故选C。
73．(2013·安徽名校联盟最后一卷，28)________ from the bright smile on his face, he ________ in passing the job interview.
A．Judging; must have succeeded
B．Judging; might succeed
C．Judged; must have succeeded
D．Judged, might succeed
答案：A 考查非谓语动词和情态动词的用法。第一空judging from...作状语；第二空must have done表示对过去的事实的推测。
74．(2013皖南八校第三次联考，32)I felt surprised that anyone of his intelligence ________ such an easy test.
A.might have failed B．could have failed
C.should have failed D．must have failed
答案：C should 表“竟然”。句意：我感到很惊讶，依他的智商竟然没有通过这次非常容易的考试。
75．(2013·临沂市二模，23)You ________ in person; a telephone would have been enough.
A．couldn't have come B．needn't have come
C．shouldn't have come D．mustn't have come
答案：B 考查情态动词加完成时的用法。couldn't have come 不可能已经……； needn't have come 本来不必……； shouldn't have come 不来不该……； mustn't 表示“一定不要；禁止”。根据句意“你本来不必亲自来；打个电话就行了。”可知应选B。
76．(2013·昭通市统检，5)________ your letter, I would have set off two days ago.
A．If I could have received
B．Should I receive
C．If I received
D．Had I received
答案：D 考查虚拟倒装。根据题干，本题句意应和过去事实相反，故从句部分应该用过去完成时，而从句中有had一词时，可省略if而把had提前构成虚拟倒装。
77．(2013·昭通市统检，9)When I lived with my roommates in the university, we ________ often talk into the night.
A．might B．could
C．should D．would
答案：D 情态动词用法。would 在此表示过去的习惯性动作，其他几项没有此意。
78．(2013·甘肃省部分学校第二次联考，2)—Where did you get The Frog written by Mo Yan?
—I picked it up from a bookshop online if you ________ know.
A．must B．will
C．can D．shall
答案：A 考查情态动词。答语句意：如果你非得知道的话，我是在网店淘到的这本书。must在此表示坚持，意为“非得，偏要”。
79．(2013·桂林市一调，28)Every time she was in trouble, she went to him for help, as he said he ________ do anything for her.
A．should B．must
C．would D．might
答案：C 考查情态动词。句意：每当遇到麻烦时，她就会向他求助，因为他说过他会为她做任何事情。由句意可知，选would，表示转述，意为“将，将会”。
80．(2013·昆明市高三摸底调测，35)________ me what you wanted to know, I should not have wasted my time talking so much with you.
A.Had you tol
C．You had told D．Have you told
答案：A 考查虚拟语气中的特殊句式。句意：如果你早告诉我你想知道的事情，那么我就不会浪费时间和你说这么多了。由句意可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟，所以主句用了should have done，从句相应地应该用过去完成时，排除B、D两项；此处省略了if，同时应该把had提前，所以A项正确。如果选C项，那么应该改为If you had told。
81．(2013·嘉兴市基础测试，33)I wrote a letter to John for his help during my high school years，without which I ________ the college entrance exam.
A．would fail B．would have failed
C．should fail D．must have failed
答案：B 考查虚拟语气。句意：我给约翰写了封信，感谢他在高中时对我的帮助。没有他的帮助，我不会通过高考的。由句意可知，这是对过去事实的假设，所以主句用would/should/could/might have done。
82．(2013·开封市一模，31)—Did Ann fail in English?
—She ________. Don't you notice that she looks depressed?
A.might B．must
C．may have D．could have
答案：C 考查情态动词。句意：——安妮通过英语考试了吗？——她可能没通过考试。你没看到她很失落吗？由句意可知，这是对过去的事情的推测，所以排除A、B两项；D项意为“本来能够通过考试”不符合语境。
83．(2013·长春市一调，32)Students ________ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.
A．would B．shall
C．will D．could
答案：B 考查情态动词。该空 shall表示规定、命令，故选B。
84．(2013·吉林市期末，24)She didn't come to the party last Sunday. ________， she must have made the party more exciting.
A．If she came B．Would she come
C．Had she come D．Did she come
答案：C Had she come＝If she had come。语境为与last Sunday 的事实相反。
85．(2013·湖南师大附中月考，35)I know that it will be difficult to pick him out in such a crowd, but if you ________ happen to see him, give him this packet.
A.would B．might
C．should D．could
答案：C 考查情态动词。if＋主语＋should＋动词原形是一个真实的条件句，常常用于表达礼貌地请求或建议。例：①If you should see Celia, give her my best wishes. ②If you should be interested in our offer, please contact us.。
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