英语专业四级逆序词汇
在10套试卷各种题型中复现的总次数称“总频率”，仅在10套试卷词汇题中测试过的次数称“词汇频率”。
America→academic
1. America n.美利坚合众国，美洲 总频率22次。
2.Africa n.非洲(略为Afr.) 总频率6次。
3.Canada n. 加拿大
4.propaganda n. ①ideas, false or true information, etc. spread about officially, esp. by a government宣传，传播 ②organs for propaganda宣传机构褒义贬义，体会明细！propaganda作“宣传、广告”讲时常常带有贬义。【作者建议】此词常含贬义，不可滥用。
5.panda n. a large bearlike animal with black and white fur, originally from China 大熊猫
6.agenda n. things to be done; business to be discussed at a meeting (会议)议程，日程，待议事项总频率1次。构词有法，扩散记忆！词根ag意思为“做”(do, act),-end是名词后缀，-a表示复数。ag做+-end名词后缀+-a复数→agenda→things to be done待做的事项→会议上待议的事项→议事日程。-a表示复数以-a结尾的词：phenomena现象(复数)→phenomenon现象(单数)；data资料(复数)→datumn资料(单数)
【典型例句】 Now, let’s come to item No.5 on the agenda. 现在让我们讨论议事日程上的第五项。
7.soda n. ①chemical substance in common use, a compound of sodium苏打 ②soda water苏打水，汽水
8.idea n. a plan, thought, or suggestion for a possible course of action计划，主意，念头
总频率27次，词汇频率1次。
【典型例句】Somebody had the bright idea of recording the meeting. 有人想出了为会议录音的好主意。
【常用词组】 have no idea不知道，无能为力/not one’s idea of 对…无想法/put ideas in someone’s head使某人存奢望。
9.plea n. ①an eager or serious request恳求，请求 ②an excuse辩解，托词
【典型例句】 Their plea of national poverty rings a little hollow.他们关于国家贫困的托辞听上去有些空洞。
【常用词组】 cop a plea承认有罪以求轻判
10.pea n. a round green seed, used for food豌豆
【常用词组】 as like as two peas一模一样
11.area n. ①surface measure, extent of surface面积 ②part of the earth’s surface; region地区，地域
总频率28次,词汇频率1次。
12.sea n. expanse of salt water that covers most of the earth’s surface and encloses its continents
and islands; any part of this海，洋
总频率24次。音同义异，最需注意！
sea和see可以一起记忆，发音相同，但意思不同，由sea可联想到river,ocean,seabed,coast,seasick,seaman等词。
【常用词组】 by sea乘船，由海路 / on the sea在海边，临海 / at sea在海上，茫然，迷惑 / a sea of
一大片，大量的 / follow the sea当海员，做水手
13.nausea n. feeling of sickness (esp as caused by bad food) or disgust; seasickness作呕，恶心，晕船
14.tea n. ①evergreen shrub grown in China, India, etc.茶叶 ②drink made by pouring boiling water o
n these leaves茶 ③a small meal, usu. served in the afternoon with a cup of tea午后茶点
总频率2次。
抓住词干，记住一串！
与tea有关的词：tea green茶绿色；teakettle茶壶；tea strainer滤茶器；tea tray茶盘；teaspoon茶匙
15.sofa n. large comfortable padded seat with raised arms and back, wide enough for two or more people沙发
16.encyclopadia/encyclopedia n. book, or set of books, giving information about every branch of knowledge or on subject, with articles in ABC order.百科全书
17.India n. the country of Indian印度
总频率1次。
18.Australia n.澳大利亚，大洋洲
总频率4次。
Austra.
19.Oceania n. the islands of the central and south Pacific, including Micronesia, Melanesia, Polynesia, and some times Australasia and the Malay Archipelago大洋洲
20.pneumonia n. a serious disease of the lungs with inflammation and difficulty in breathing肺炎
21.malaria n. kinds of fever conveyed by mosquitoes ; which introduce the germs into the blood疟疾
构词有法，扩散记忆！ 派生词： malarial = malarian adj.疟疾的，患疟疾的；
malariology n.疟疾学；malariologistn.疟疾学家，构词法：-logy是后缀，意思为 process of study （研究过程）。连接元音o连接词与词根，及词根与后缀。这类构词方式在英语词汇中很多，考生可以通过对其结构的分析而达到理解其含义的目的。如：gastroenterology胃肠（病）学；biology生物学；physiology生物学
22.cafeteria n. restaurant at which customers collect their meals on trays at counters and carry them to tables 自助餐馆
同类联想，扩散记忆！ canteen, café, restaurant, eating-house, refectory, snack bar
A cafeteria is a restaurant, at which customers collect their food on trays at counters and carry them to tables . cafeteria是顾客自己从柜台拿菜饭至餐桌食用的餐馆。
【常用词组】 a cafeteria question 自选问答题
【词义辨析】 canteen 尤指工厂、办公室、军营里的小卖部；dining-hall （吃饭用的）餐厅；pub （俗）酒馆
23.Asia n.亚洲总频率1次。
24.Russia n. 俄罗斯，俄国总频率11次。
25.gorillan. a very large African monkey that is the largest of the manlike monkey大猩猩
26.umbrella n. ①an arrangement of cloth over a folding frame with a handle, used for keeping rain off the head伞 ②a protecting power保护的力量，保护伞总频率1次。
【典型例句】 When he wasn’t looking, she hung the handle of her umbrella over the attendant’s wrist, and walked away quickly.趁他不注意，她把雨伞柄挂在管理员的手腕上，很快地走开了。
27.villa n. a pleasent house with a garden, esp. one in the country or used for holidays别墅，
郊外住宅
28.formulan. ①a genenal law,rule,fact,etc., expressed in a short form by means of a group of letters,signs,numbers,etc. 公式；方程式；分子式 ②a list of the chemical substances used in making a medicine,a fuel,a drink,etc.,sometimes also including a description of how they are to be mixed 配方，处方 ③a method or set of principles used for gaining a particular result 准则；原则；方案
29.peninsula n. a piece of land almost completely surrounded by water半岛
30.drama n. play for the theatre , radio or TV ; series of exciting events 剧本，
戏剧； 戏剧性事件或场面
31.panorama n. ①a complete view over a wide area风景的全貌，全景照片 ②不断变化的景象
义近形异，扩散记忆！
近义词：scenic, view, scenery, prospect, overview
【典型例句】 This book gives a panorama of life in England 400 years ago.
这本书再现了四百年前的英格兰的生活图景。
32.cinema n. ①theatre in which films are shown 电影院 ②motion pictures as an art-form or an industry 电影艺术；电影事业
总频率2次。
33.diploma n. certificate awarded for passing an examination , completing a course of study , etc 毕业证书，文凭
总频率1次。
【作者建议】 diploma 通常指大学“毕业证书， 文凭，学位证书”。 小学、中学“毕业证书”和“某种”资历合格证书”则多用certificate 。 diploma 后接介词in , 表示某学科的毕业证书。在美国，中学的毕业证书，即文凭， 有时也可用diploma, 而其肄业证书有时可称certificate 或certificate of attendance 。
34.banana n. long, yellowskinned fruit; the tree on which it grows香蕉，香蕉树
【作者建议】 常用搭配：peel a banana剥香蕉皮；a band of banana一簇香蕉
35.arena n. central part, for games and fights of a Roman amphitheatre; (fig) any scene of struggle古罗马斗技场中央竞技和搏斗的地方；(喻)任何竞争角逐的场所总频率1次。
36.China n. 中国总频率21次。
37.china n. baked and glazed fine white clay ; articles made from this 陶器；瓷器
【常用词组】 china closet 放置或展示瓷器杯皿的橱柜
38.algebra n. branch of mathematics using signs and letters to represent quantities代数，代数学
39.zebra n. an African animal looking like a horse with back and white lines all over its body斑马
总频率1次。【常用词组】 zebra crossing涂成斑马纹的人行横道
40.era n. period in history, starting from a particular time, or event纪元，时代，代
举例一番，可见一斑！ a new era新时代；the Christian era公元，基督纪元
【词义辨析】 epoch也指新时代，新纪元，强调某件事所带来的划时代意义，多用mark an epoch in...“开创一个新纪元”。time指“时期”，age“年代”，这些词只用指于表达普通意义的时间。
41. camera n. apparatus for taking still photograph or (film / movie~)moving pictures or (TV ~) for receiving light images and transforming them for broadcasting live or for receiving on video tape 照相机，电影摄像机总频率6次。
【常用词组】 go into camera (法官）入私室商议 / in camera 在法官的私室里 / on camera 在摄制中 / a camera crew 电影（电视）摄影组
42.opera n. a musical play in which many or all the words are sung歌剧
构词有法，扩散记忆！派生词：Operatic a. 歌剧的，似歌剧的；operatically adv. 歌剧式地；operatize vt.将 …改编成歌剧/复合词：opera cloak n. 夜礼服，女披风；operagoer n. 经常赴歌剧院者
43.orchestra n. a large group of musicians who play music for combinations of different instruments管弦乐队
音近形近，最需用心！orchard n. 果园；orchestra n. 管弦乐队
44.extra n. sth. for which an extra charge is made额外的事物 ‖ adv. more than usually; in addition特别地，非常地，除外
总频率12次。extra 除了作adj.，还可作adv.用来修饰adj.，意为“特别地，尤其”，相当于especially。
45.visa n. an official mark put onto a passport giving a foreigner permission to enter, pass through or leave a particular country签证【常用词组】 an entry visa入境签证 / an exit visa出境签证
46.data n. (pl of dadum) facts; things certainly known资料，材料总频率6次。
【常用词组】 data bank资料库 / data processing资料处理 / data phone数据电话 / data sheet数据表
47.influenza n. flu流行性感冒
48.cab n. ①vehicle (now usu motorised =taxicab) that may be hired for short journeys出租汽车；计程车 ②part of a railway engine for the driver and fireman; part of a bus, lorry, etc for the driver火车机车内供司机所坐之处；（公共汽车、卡车等之）司机室
49.lab n. short for laboratory(尤指化学)实验室
50.crab n. ten-legged shellfish ; its flesh as food 螃蟹，蟹肉
构词有法，扩散记忆！
派生词：crab apple (口）脾气坏的人；crabbed adj. 潦草的，难懂的；crabber n. 捕蟹人，好抱怨的人； crabby adj. 易怒的，好抱怨的；crablike adj. 似蟹的，似蟹行的； crabwise adj. （常为僵硬或笨拙的方式）横向的，蟹行般的</P< p>
grab v.
①to take hold of with a sudden rough movement, esp. for a bad or selfish purpose攫取；抓住 ②to get quickly and perhaps unfairly抢先，抢占 ③to make a sudden attempt to grab(急速地)抓住；抓牢 ‖ n. a sudden attempt to take hold of something试图抓取；有意抢夺
总频率1次。
【典型例句】 When her uncle died, she grabbed everything she could get her hands on.她的叔叔死后，她把能弄到手的东西全部都据为己有。
【词义辨析】 grab v. 急抓，抢；指粗暴地、过急地扑住或抢某物，可表示贪心的意思；snatch v. 夺取，抓住；指突然猛力迅速地抓取某物。如:The thief snatched the woman’s bag.那贼抢走了这妇女的提包。grip v. 抱紧，握紧，指用手的最大的力量来抓某物。如：The frightened child gripped his mother’s arm.受惊的孩子紧紧抓住他母亲的胳膊。grasp v. 紧握，领会，指用手指头、爪等紧紧抓住，用于比喻意义，则指完全了解。如：Did you grasp the main points of the speech?你是否领会了这演讲的要点?
【常用词组】 grab at突然想抓住 / make a grab at 有意抢夺，试图抓取 / up for grabs供人竞购的；待价而沽的
stab v. pierce(sth.) or wound (sb.) with a pointed tool or weapon刺，戳 ‖ n. act of stabbing刺，戳【常用词组】 stab at sb.刺向某人 / a stab in the back暗箭伤人，背叛 / stab sb. with…用某物刺某人
web n. ①a net of thin threads spun by some insects, esp. spiders, to trap other insects蜘蛛网
②a detailed arrangement or network网状组织总频率4次。【作者建议】 上网常见的缩写www, 即是worldwideweb之意。
rib n. one of the 12 pairs of bones running round the chest of a man or animal, from the spine to where they join at the front肋骨
lamb n. young sheep; its flesh as food羔羊，小羊(肉)
climb vt & vi go or get up or down; go higher , gain height 攀登；爬上；升 ‖ n. climbing , place (to be ) climbed 攀登；攀登之地总频率7次。
bomb n. hollow metal ball or shell filled with explosive for causing destruction on bursting炸弹 ‖ v. drop bombs on扔下炸弹总频率1次。
突破拼写，问题解决！注意以mb结尾的词b不发音comb n. 梳子；tomb n. 坟墓；thumb n.拇指；climb v. 爬
comb n. ①piece of metal, rubber, plastic ,etc with teeth for cleaning the hair , making it tidy 梳子 ②red fleshy crest of fowl 鸡冠
总频率8次。
tomb n. hole dug in the ground, etc. for a dead body, esp. one with a stone monument over it墓(穴)坟
构词有法，扩散记忆！ 由tomb联想到tombstone n. 墓碑
dumb adj. ①unable to speak 哑的 ②temporarily silent 暂时沉默的 ③stupid ; dull 笨的，愚蠢的
【常用词组】 dumb from birth 生来即哑 / strike dumb 使吓呆，（因恐惧等）说不出话 / dumb show 哑剧
plumb n. a mass of lead tied to the end of a string used to find out the depth of water or whether a wall is built exactly upright铅锤，测锤 ‖ v. ①to measure with a plumb用铅锤测量 ②to find out the meaning of探测，了解总频率1次。
thumb n. short thick finger set apart from the other four拇指 ‖ v. turn over the pages of (a book); make (a book, pages) worn or dirty by doing this翻动，把书本翻动(旧)
同类联想，扩散记忆！ 由thumb联想到index食指；形近词：numb麻木的；dumb哑的
【常用词组】 under sb.’s thumb受…控制 / be all thumbs笨手笨脚的 / bite the thumbs at对…嗤之以鼻
crumb n. very small piece of dry food, esp a bit of bread or cake rubbed off or dropped from a large
piece面包屑，糕饼屑
job n. ① regular paid employment工作，职位 ②a piece of work(一件)工作 ③something hard to do费劲
的事，难做的工作总频率48次。
辨析异同，应考从容！注意job与work的异同
同：都表示“工作”。异：work是不可数名词，而job是可数名词。
构词有法，扩散记忆！ 派生词：jobber n. 股票经纪人；jobbing a. 做零工的，干散工的；jobless a. 失业的，无职业的；复合词：job centre n. (英国政府的)职业介绍所，就业服务中心；job lot n. 成批出售的杂货；job sharing n. 两个平均分担一份全职工作
【典型例句】 I’m looking for a new job, one where I get a bit more job satisfaction.我正在寻找一份新工作，一份能从中得到更大满足感的职业。
【常用词组】 out of a job失业/on the job在上班时，在干活时/make the best of a bad job不利的情况下尽力而为/give something up as a bad job对某事不再抱有希望/just the job正是想要的东西
1.epidemic n. & adj. spreading rapidly among many people in the same place for a time流行的，传染的，流行性的 ‖ n. ①disease spreading rapidly传染病 ②spreading (of a disease) (疾病的)流行，蔓延
2.comic adj. ①causing people to laugh 使人发笑的；滑稽的 ②of comedy 喜剧的总频率3次。
3.economic adj. ①of economic经济学的 ②designed to give a profit划算的，牟利的，有利可图的总频率20次，词汇频率2次。
抓住词干，记住一串！联系记忆：economics n. 经济学(-s表示…学)→economic adj. 经济学的(ic形容词后缀)常见的表达法：economic activity经济活动；economic aid经济援助；economic growth经济增长；economic situation经济形势；economic reason经济原因
4. Atomic adj. ①of atom(关于)原子的 ②of the power of atom原子能
举例一番，可见一斑！派生于atom n. 原子。由atomic构成的词语：atomic bomb原子弹(也作atom bomb)；atomic age原子能时代；atomic energy原子能；atomic pile核反应堆；atomic power原子能力，原子能；atomic warhead原子弹头
5. organic adj. ①of living things or the organs of the body生物的，有机物的，器官的 ②eastern; the eastern countries东方的，东方国家的
反义联想，扩散记忆！反义词：Inorganic adj. 无机的，无机物的
6.mechanic n. a person who is skilled in using, repairing, etc machinary技工，机械工，机修工总频率5次。
7.panic n. sudden uncontrollable fear or terror惊慌失措，恐慌，惊慌 ‖ adj. fearful恐慌的，莫名其妙的 ‖ v. cause to feel panic使恐慌总频率2次。
义近形异，用心牢记！近义词：fear
【词义辨析】 fear与panic：fear害怕，畏惧，词义广泛，很常用，指不安的感情和极度的紧张，也可指胆怯或心理不适的模糊状态。panic恐慌，惊惶，指突然发生的事件，随即控制不了的，迅速传开的恐惧，而且是引起混乱，且不起作用的行为。
8.picnic n. ①a pleasure trip in which food is taken to be eaten somewhere outdoors野餐 ②easy work轻松的工作 ‖ v. to go on or have a picnic野餐，参加野餐
9.scenic adj. ①having or showing beautiful natural scenery风景优美的 ②of stage scenery布景的
10.clinic n. medical establishment for a specified purpose 诊所；门诊部
11.electronic adj. of electron电子的 总频率9次。
抓住词干，记住一串！派生于 electron n. 电子，electro-电的。其他派生词：electronics n. 电子学
12.heroic adj. showing the qualities of a hero; extremely courageous英勇的，英雄式的总频率1次。
触类旁通，扩散记忆！派生词：heroics n. 豪言壮语；复合词：heroic poems史诗；heroic couplet英雄偶句诗
13.tropic n. (the tropics) region between these two latitudes, with a hot climate热带地区
14.topic n. subject of a discussion, talk, programme, written work, etc.论题，话题，题目总频率19次。
构词有法，扩散记忆！ topic=top+ic，topical adj. 有关题目的
【典型例句】Baseball is their favorite topic of conversation.棒球是他们的热门话题。
15.fabric n. a cloth made by threads woven together in any of various way 织物，(纺)织品表义喻义，扩散记忆！
注意fabric除了表示“布，织物”之义外，还可抽象地引申为“构造，组织”之义，如the fabric of society社会结构。
【词义辨析】 fabric指用任何材料(如棉花、尼龙、羊毛、丝等)和方式织成的东西；textile指纺织品或纺织原料的总称。故依题意，textile为正确选项。
16.atmospheric adj. of atmosphere大气的
17.hysteric(al) adj. in a state of hysteria歇斯底里的
18.historic adj. ①important in history; having or likely to have an influence on history历史上有重大意义(影响)的，历史性的 ②of the times whose history has been recorded有历史记载的总频率7次。
19.metric adj. of the metre公尺的，米制的
20.eccentric adj. (of a person, his behaviour) peculiars not normal(指人，行为)怪异的，古怪的
【典型例句】Wearing evening gowns all day is just part of her eccentricbehavior.整天穿着晚礼服是她的古怪行为中的一种。
【词义辨析】 benevolent adj. 好心肠的，慈善的；melodious adj. 指旋律优美的；particular adj. 特定的。
21.basic adj. of a base基本的，根本的，基础的总频率7次。
构词有法，扩散记忆！派生于base n. 基础，-ic为形容词后缀。其他派生词：basement n. 地下层，地下室；basis n.基本，基础；basically adj.基本的，根本地
【典型例句】Large masses of people lack the basic necessities of life.许许多多的人缺乏生活必需品。
22.classic adj. ①of the highest quality; having a value or position recognized and unquestioned 最佳的，第一流的 ②of the standard of ancient Greek and Latin literature, art and culture 古代希腊及罗马文学、艺术和文化之标准的，古典的 ③famous because of a long history 因历史悠久而著名 ‖
n. ①writer, artist book etc of the highest class 第一流的作家、艺术家，著作等 ②the classics (literature of the ) ancient languages of Greece and Rome 古典著作；经典作品总频率2次。
音近形近，最需用心！注意区别classic与classicalclassic既可作形容词表示“经典的”，也可作名词表示“古典学，古典著作”（classics）；而classical是形容词，表“古典的”，如classical music古典音乐。
【典型例句】 His manual of botany has become a classic among scientists .他的植物学手册在科学家中已成为经典作品。
【词义辨析】 masterpiece 杰作； legend 传奇，传奇作品；work 用作复数时works 才表示“著作”。
23.music n. the arrangement of sounds in pattern, esp. to produce a pleasing effect; a written or printed set of notes音乐，乐曲
总频率3次。【常用词组】be music to someone’s ears使人高兴的消息，悦耳的声音 / [CS%0,100,0,0]face the music面对现实，面对困难，接受处罚 / set / put sth to music将…配上音乐
24.emphatic adj. having, showing emphasis强调的，着重的总频率1次。
构词有法，扩散记忆！ emphasis n. 强调；emphasize v. emphatically adv. 坚决地，明确地
25. dramatic adj. ①of drama 剧本的， 戏剧的 ②sudden or exciting like an even in a stage play 戏剧性的， 激动人心的
总频率1次。【典型例句】His story of how he rescued the cat from the bottom of the well was quite dramatic.
他讲述的如何从井底把猫救出来的故事颇具戏剧性。
【词义辨析】 dramatics 指业余者的戏剧作品或演出，是名词，通常与单数动词连用；drama 戏剧，剧本，是名词；dramatize 改编（小说等）为戏剧；戏剧性地处理
26.systematic adj. ①done or acting according to a system or plan; methodical有系统的，有计划的，有方法的 ②planned in advance and done with malicious thoroughness and exactness非偶然的，故意的
27.idiomatic adj. (of a word, way of speaking, etc.) typical of the natural speech of a person speaking in their first language符合语言习惯的，成语的
28.diplomatic adj. ①of diplomacy 外交的 ②tactful ; having diplomacy 圆滑的；有外交手腕的总频率1次。
29.automatic adj. self moving, done without thought(机器)自动的，(动作)无意识的，机械的 率3次。
抓住词缀，扩散记忆！前缀auto-自己，自动，例如：autobiography 自传；auto alarm自动报警器
【词义辨析】 automobile汽车；autonomy自治；autumn秋天
30.fanatic adj.excessively enthusiastic 狂热的;狂热者的 ‖ n. a person who shows very great and often unreasoning keenness for something,esp.for a religious or political belief(宗教或信仰的)狂热者,盲者
