U
understand
1. make oneself understood 清楚地表达自己的意思。如:
Can he make himself understood in English? 他能用英语表达自己的意思吗?
2. understand (one, one’s) doing sth 理解(某人)做某事。如:
I can’t understand treating children like that. 那样对待孩子,我不能理解。
I just can’t understand his [him] stealing the money. 我简直无法理解他为什么要偷钱。
注:若 understand 后动词带有疑问词,则用不定式。如:
She doesn’t understand how to look after him. 她不知道应如何照顾他。
3. understand sb to do sth 听说某人做某事。如:
I understand him to be in Paris. 我听说他在巴黎。
I understand him to say that he would come. 我认为他愿意来。
注:这类句型也可换成后接从句的形式。如:
I understand that he is in Paris.
I understand him as saying that he would come.
uniform
1. in uniform
(1) 穿着制服。如:
The students are in school uniform. 学生穿着校服。
He looks handsome in uniform. 他穿制服很英俊。
(2) 服役,当兵。如:
How long was he in uniform? 他在军队服役了多久?
university
1. at (the) university 在上大学。如:
He is still at (the) university. 他还在上大学。
He is a student at the university. 他还是大学读书。
2. go to (the) university 上大学。如:
He hopes to go to university next year. 他想明年上大学。
unknown
1. be unknown to 不为某人所知。如:
His plan is unknown to us. 他的计划我们不知道。
Kissing is unknown to Malays. 马来人从不接吻。
until
1. It is (was) not until…that… 直到……才……。如:
It was not until yesterday that I noticed it. 直到昨天我才注意到此事。
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. 直到她取下墨镜,我才意识到她是一位著名影星。
2. not…until… 直到……才……。如:
Don’t leave till I come. 我来了你再离开。
He didn’t come until yesterday. 直到昨天他才来。
I didn’t manage to do it until you had explained how. 直到你给我解释了理由,我才会做。
注:该结构中的主句动词通常是终止性动词,若为延续性动词,则可能导致含义有变化。如:
I won’t stay here till [until] Monday. 我在这儿待不到星期一(即:不到星期一就走)。
He didn’t wait until I returned. 他没等到我回来(即:没等我回来他就走了)。
3. Not until…did (do)… 直到……才……。如:
Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 直到我参加工作, 我才意识到我曾浪费了多少时间。
use
1. be used to (doing) sth 习惯于做某事。如:
He is used to looking after himself. 他已习惯于自己照顾自己。
I’m sure I’ll get used to the hard work. 我想信我会习惯这艰苦的工作的。
注:be used to 有时可能是被动语态结构(此时 to 之后要接动词原形)。如:
A clock is used to tell us the time. 闹钟是用来告诉我们时间的。
2. for use 供使用。如:
For use only in case of fire. 只供火警时用。
This is not for use. I bought it only because itissopretty. 这不是为了用的,我买它只是因为它好看。
注:for the use of sb 意为“供某人使用”。如:
This room is for the use of teachers. 这个房间供教师用。
3. in use 在使用当中。如:
The bridge is no longer in use. 这座桥已不再使用。
The lab is in use until three o’clock. 实验室一直到3点钟都有人用。
比较:His delight was in the use of the pen. 他的爱好是写作。
4. It’s [There’s] no use doing sth 做某事没有用。如:
Is there [it] any use trying waiting here? 给他打个电话有用吗?
There [It] is no use crying over spilt milk. 牛奶已泼,哭也枉然(覆水难收,悔恨无益)。
注:有时可用 to do sth 代替 doing sth, 但较少见。
5. make use of 利用,使用。如:
You must make good use of it. 你必须好好利用它。
Make good use of your time. 好好利用你的时间。
注:该句型可换成 put……to use。如:
You must put it to good use.
Put your time to good use.
6. of use 有用的。如:
It was not of much use to me. 这对我没有多大作用。
When I came to China first, the map was of great use. 我初到中国时,这张地图很有用。
注:(be) of use 中的介词 of 有时可以省略,尤其是当use 前有修饰语时。如:
This book is (of) no use to me. 这本书对没有用。
7. use sth as sth 把某物用作某物。如:
Mother uses old soaks as dusters. 母亲用旧袜子作抹布。
She used the bad weather as an excuse for not coming. 她拿天气不好作不来的借口。
8. use sth for sth 把某物用作某物。如:
These plants are used for food. 这些是食用植物。
She often uses her bike for (going) shopping. 她买东西时经常骑自行车去。
注:该句型有时可与 use…as 互换,但相比之下,后者往往含有“借用作”之意。如:
You can use it as a bookmark. 你可把它用作书签(本来不是书签,但被用作书签)。
9. use sth to do sth 用某物做某事。如:
People use a knife to cut things. 人们用刀切东西。
The boy used the box to keep his toys in. 这男孩用这个箱子装他的玩具。
注:该句型有时可与 use sth for doing sth 互换。如:
A hammer is used for driving [to drive] in nails. 锤子是用来钉钉子的。
10. used to do sth 过去经常做某事。如:
He used to live in Paris. 他过去一直住在巴黎。
He usedn’t [didn’t use] to come. 他过去不常来。
You used to go there, usedn’t [didn’t] you? 你过去常到那儿去,是吗?
另外,有时也可见到以下样的否定式和疑问式,但不是很普通:
Did you use(d) to be a teacher? 你过去是当老师的吗?
They didn’t use(d) to live here. 他们过去没住在这儿。
There used to be a cinema here, use(d)n’t there? 往日这里曾有家电影院,是吗?
useful
1. be useful at擅长,精通。如:
She is useful at cooking. 她很会烧菜。
He is useful at maths. 他精通数学。
2. be useful to [for] sb 对某人有用。如:
What he said is useful to us. 他说的话对我们很有用。
The dictionary is useful for beginners. 这本词典对初学者有用。
usual
1. as usual 像平常一样。如:
As usual, he arrived last. 他照例是最后一个到。
He would go home, as usual, for Christmas. 他像往常一样要回家过圣诞节。
2. than usual 比平常。如:
He came earlier than usual. 他比平常来得更早。
There’re more people here than usual. 这儿的人比往常多。
联系客服