◆grow v.
1. 比较 grow 与 grow up:前者指“长”、“生长”、“成长”等;后者指“长大(成人或成熟)”。如:
Children grow rapidly. 小孩长得很快。
The wheat is growing well. 麦子长得很好。
What are you going to be when you grow up? 你长大后想干什么?
2. 用作连系动词,其后可接:
(1) 形容词或过去分词。如:
It began to grow dark. 天色渐渐黑了。
I grew tired of waiting and left. 我等得不耐烦就走了。
(2) 不定式(尤其是 be, like, hate, believe 等动词)。如:
You’ll soon grow to like her. 你很快就会喜欢她的。
The little girl is growing to be more and more like her mother. 这个小姑娘长得越来越像她妈妈了。
(3) 介词短语。如:
The little plant grew into a tree. 幼苗长成了一棵树。
Some plants grow from seeds and some from cuttings. 有的植物由种子发芽生长,有的是插枝长成的。
◆guess v.
1. 用作动词,表示“猜”,其后可接名词、代词、复合结构、从句等。如:
He guessed the answer at once. 他马上就猜出了答案。
Guess how much [what] it cost. 猜一猜它要多少钱。
I guessed (that) he was a doctor by the way he spoke. 我从他讲话的方式推测他是位医生。
I should guess him to be about 50. 我猜他大约50岁。
有时用作不及物动词。如:
He guessed right (wrong). 他猜对(错)了。
You don’t know. You’re just guessing. 你不知道,只是猜。
有时后接介词 at。如:
I can only guess (at) his age. 我只能猜猜他的年龄。
I can’t guess (at) what you mean. 我猜不出你的意思。
2. 在美国口语中,可表示“想”或“估计”;此时其后通常要接that-从句(不接名词或代词),且不用于进行时态,大致与 suppose 同义。如:
I guess he’ll be late. 我想会迟到。
A:Is he married? 他结婚了吧?
B:I guess so (not). 我想是吧(我想还没有)。
◆guest n.
1. 表示“客人”(与 host 相对),主要指社交上的客人或被邀请的客人,也可指住旅店的客人。如:
I invited five guests to dinner. 我邀请了五位客人吃饭。
The hotel takes very good care of its guests. 这家旅馆对客人照顾很周到。
注:guest通常不指商店的客人(customer)、来访的客人(caller, visitor)、交通工具上的客人(passenger),所以以下各句均不宜用guest。如:
The store has more customers than it can take care of. 这个商店的顾客多得应接不暇。
He is a frequent visitor to the gallery. 他经常参观这家美术馆。
Neither the driver nor the passengers were hurt. 司机和乘客都没有受伤。
2. 用于名词前作定语,表示“特邀的”、“客座的”等。如:a guest professor(客座教授),a guest editor(特约编辑),a guest speaker(特邀演讲者)等
3. 口语中说 be my guest, 用于回答请求,意为“请便”。如:
A:May I see the newspaper? 我可以看这份报纸吗?
B:Be my guest. 请便。
◆guide n. & v.
可用作名词(意为“导游”或“向导”等),也可用作动词(意为“引导”、“引路”等)。如:
I know this place very well, so let me be your guide. 我对这个地方很熟悉,我来给你们当向导。
A blind man is sometimes guided by a dog. 盲人有时靠狗来引路。
The government will guide the country through the difficulties ahead. 政府将带领国家克服困难向前进。
注:不要误认为 guider 是 guide 的名词形式,误用其表示“导游”或“向导”。
Neither the driver nor the passengers were hurt. 司机和乘客都没有受伤。
2. 用于名词前作定语,表示“特邀的”、“客座的”等。如:
a guest professor 客座教授 a guest editor 特约编辑
a guest speaker 特邀演讲者 等
3. 口语中说 be my guest, 用于回答请求,意为“请便”。如:
A:May I see the newspaper? 我可以看这份报纸吗?
B:Be my guest. 请便。
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