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Is big three Ba memorial arch, its formal name protects ruins in the Lu cathedral for saint(Portuguese:the Ru í nas da Antiga Catedral de S?O Paulo), generally be called big three Ba or memorial arch, mural the ruins before being the mother's teaching hall(the saint protects a Lu church and finishes construction in 1580) front side of God in Macau.Is big three Ba the memorial arch is one of the sign buildings of Macau, also one of"eight views in Macau"s at the same time.
Become cultural inheritance in United Nations world with other cultural objects of history city in Macau area in 2005.
Is big three Ba memorial arch building the Rou matched the style of Renaissance and east building in Europe but become, embody blending of a thing art, carve fine, Wei E grand view.From 3-5 F composing the triangle pyramid form is regardless a memorial arch top towering cross, still the El Nino statue of copper pigeon underneath and be surrounded by the angel and fresh flowers of the Holy Mother statue be all full of heavy religious atmosphere and give people with the United States of enjoy.Various statue is lifelike, be rated as "stereoscopic Holy Bible" on the memorial arch.
Is big three Ba the memorial arch is below the hills one of the most representative"eight views in Macau"ses, be located in fort, left face Macau of museum and big gun set famous spot is the ex- wall ruins of the mother's teaching hall(namely the saint protects a Lu church) of God and once bathed fire rebirth.Construct the style that the Rou matched European Renaissance and east building but become, embody blending of a thing art, carve fine, Wei E grand view.
Is big three Ba the memorial arch is the witness that the western civilization gets into Chinese history.In 1583, the famous missionary benefit Ma Dou changes to draw map in the world as 《international diagram 》 here and pluses Chinese marking and send to Chinese local government.In 1569, big three Ba the neighborhood set up to have saint to add firm doctor hospital, the doctor, western medicine is here start flowing into China the earth.Portuguese doctor Ge plum the Si will "get smallpox vaccination" to lead into China from Macau as well and cure the then incurable sickness"smallpox".Is big three Ba"the saint protects college of Lu" of the neighborhood is a the earliest western university in East Asia and carry out west education of at the same time, still just here carry on the training of oriental culture to the missionary that will soon get into east.After regression in Macau, the Wei E is outstanding big three Ba memorial arch of in the square, stone shop, almost all have thousands of Macau people of different walks of life to hold a meeting here every day, Gao Ge.Experience successively for more than 400 years, vicissitudes of life of big three expect, welcomed her glorious freshman, the regression history of turns and twists of affairs in witness Macau.
More than 400 year agos, the Portuguese seized Macau and also took the Catholic to Macau.In 1562, the Portuguese experiences successively for few years, sets up to have this church in Macau and calls a "the saint protects Lu" church.The Pu language"the saint protects Lu" pronunciation approaches "three expect" in the local dialect, so also calls "big three Ba churcheses"s.Afterwards, the church is twice ruined to a fire.In 1602, the saint protects a Lu church again reconstruction, experience successively to complete work in 1637 for 35 years.Wildfire in 1835 and then burn down church, the ex- wall that leaves to cost 30,0002 silvers, this became today of big three Ba memorial arch.
After church becomes ruins, because the ex- wall is similar to traditional memorial arch in China, plus"the saint protects Lu" is from the Pu text(S?O Paulo)the transliteration become Chinese and say into "three expect" and just have big three Ba the title of the memorial arch.The building of memorial arch is Baroque type, also the carvings of obviously eastern color, including the peony and chrysanthemum pattern of representing China and Japan, make her have the one and only special feature in the Catholic church of the whole world.
The church is originally designed by an Italian book Jesuitical father, technique help rivaling nature by Japanese craftsman is finished.1602 lays foundation stones, all of 1637s finish construction, while the church is an ex- long stone stairs then in complete soon afterward.Construct a style up, big three Ba the memorial arch belong to dissemble a doctrine style, and the Rou matched the Renaissance and east of Europe to construct a style.Saint's protecting a Lu church is the cathedral of biggest east at that time and declared"eastern Vatican", belonged to saint to protect college of Lu.The college is the first western university in the far east region, established into 1762 to end a period from 1594, many foreign missionaries that visited China to study Chinese, it becomes these missionaries into the importance in China the college to preach a base and has incomparable and outstanding function to religion and cultural interaction that pushes Europe and China.
Big three expect return witness the tears of blood of the modern history last Chinese nation humiliate.Opium, at the earliest stage be from big three expect next of the port was inputed China by the Portuguese, reach to 20,000 more annually on the average.Until in 1946, Macau takes opium to still calculate legality.After the Opium War, the Portuguese follows great powers, with force over take big three Bases as the Pu person's residents' area of boundary, expand to the north, capture the whole Macau peninsula, start colonizing governance to execution in Macau, also become the in command of place base that England invades China.Leave greatly three to expect a not far flower Wang Tang Jie, once was famous"piglet street", along the street had more than 300 houses building for selling China work.The then Macau there are tens of thousands foreigners exclusively being engageds in population business.They adopt cajolery and kidnap etc. means, China work the compulsive business output, the many people dies in a sea.On May 29, 1922, Pu soldier at big three openly kill more than 70 Chinese with gun under Ba, harm more than 100 persons.
Close to a big gun set and museum in Macau greatly three Ba memorial arch, have already had more than 350 calendars history, is the most Macau familiar signs, is a saint to protect a Lu church before the historic relic of wall."Three expect" is "the saint protects Lu" to translate a sound, again because of before the church wall historic relic looks if traditional memorial arch in China, so call big three Ba memorial arch.Is big three Ba the memorial arch cost, 300 year agos have already been up to 30,0002 silvers, it may be said precious go to a pole, enjoyed high prestige at that time Southeast Asia.The empress successively and twice catches fire to burn down in 1595 and 1601.The church builds from the Italian book Society of Jesus for the third time will private Si skin the promise pull a father design, and lay foundation stone in 1602, Be finished in 1635, last for 33 years, was far east's biggest Catholic stone to set up a church at that time.After in 1835 again and cruelly the wildfire burn down, only teachings 68 class stone stairses and flower Gang stone before the hall are finished of ex- wall, because of look like Chinese memorial arch"big three Ba memorial arch".Once carried on to study of ancient relics a survey for 1990 the beginning of the years, discovered the then building ruins and outward exhibitted together with church cultural object in parts of Macau now.The government of Ao Pu before regression already the desire declare the memorial arch as cultural inheritance in world, but can not succeed because of politics and technique factor.In 2005, Chinese government success teaches the section text the organization to declare cultural inheritance in world to United Nations, big three Ba the memorial arch become a part of history city in Macau area.Is big three Ba although the memorial arch has already lost bema actual function,she is as vitally related as person in Macau's life.Uncertain expect to hold various cultural activity here, memorial arch front long long of the steps class at the right moment become natural seat and let the memorial arch in a flash become huge setting, satge Hun however natural.
Visit over memorial arch, can arrive the Catholic art of seamy side square museum, collected church in Macau and fix representative painting in the hospital, carve...etc. inside the building, in the middle most precious of is a with religion life is the oil painting of topic, this is the far east a batch of paintings, is also the most ancient oil painting of east.The last home room of next door deposits Zhao Japan and loosing of Vietnamese baptism of blood bone more and displays believing in of Macau to teach history.The tour is big three Ba memorial arch, in addition to appreciate Wei E grand view of ex- wall, even want to keep in mind memorial arch(front wall) up fine ectype and its meaning.
The memorial arch is about 27 meters in height, the breadth is 23.5 meters, Italian Renaissance period"Baroque"(abnormal pearl barroco) type building, totally is divided into 5 F, the underneath 2 F is the rectangle rectangle of equal, from 3-5 F composing triangle pyramid form.The top Shu has"ten", its bottom the Qian has the copper pigeon of symbol Holy Ghost;The flank that the copper pigeon is like rounds the sculpture carvings of the sun, moon and stars and symbolizes the Holy Mother virginity pregnancy split second time;Copper pigeon under is one El Nino statue, its left up is the statue of "the fire of the abyss of time", right side then the sculpture carvings of "the tree of life";The 3 F exact center engraves a virginity the Holy Mother to be like, the flank is surrounded with the peony and the chrysanthemum, the former represents China, and the latter represents Japan;The left of the statue still engraves "many abyss of time"."Pu type sailboat" and"facial expression ferocious devil";The 4 F distinguishes the oblation Jesus four saints statue;3 F with or so two sideses of the 4 F, the carvings has the Chinese nation the symbol animal-lion of traditional cultural art;The first floor is three noodles gates, engrave a "MATERDEL" idea with the Pu text on the lintel sum of center door"God the Holy Mother" to engrave the mark"HIS" of having the Jesus on the door of two sides namely.Is big three Ba memorial arch up various statue lifelike, since reserve a tradition, even have innovation;Making a show of six building styles in Europe, and inheritting oriental culture is traditional, embody medium the Spanish turn the special feature for combining and be rated as "stereoscopic Holy Bible", is far east famous stone carving religion building.
Church for dissemble a doctrine style.The front wall is used to tingle a stone to carve.The top and bottom 5 F, or so total from 3 F can divide 9 spaces.Front the wall right side have a stone flagpole to clip(the left side with it become rightness of a no longer save), descend have the 68 F rank, inconsistent with position in the church.
The first floor is a triangle mountain to spend, up have a copper pigeon symbol saint absolute being, or so have sun moon and stars.There are 10 in the coping.
The second floor is exact center a small Jesus, round to nail fast it of implement of torture, go toward outside constitute to°from 4 hybrid type wall pillars, the pillar is embellished with angel's low relief, the pillar both sides has the arc-shaped mountain the wall.
3 F the center rise a sky for the Holy Mother, the angel plays music a joys to celebrate, and the surroundings decorates with the peony and the chrysanthemum.(symbolize Christian's technical expert from China and Japan)
The 4 F constitutes to°from 10 section Lin Si Zhu's types and 3 window wayses and on the window lintel all has seven rose ectype adornments, in the center the window way side is two to be decorated with palm tree, the side window hole both sides pillar is symmetry to establish a niche, and the oblation is 4 sages.
5 F memorial arch most the bottom layer has 3 entrances also 10 love Ao Ni pillar type prop up and decorate wall noodles, center door two the sides are 3 for each, but side door part 2 for each;Write to there is Italy"MATER DEI" on the center door.(the meaning is this church is a female oblation God and have the door that lead to the Kingdom of Heaven of meaning)There is the ectype pattern of "slogan" IHS(the meaning is mankind to save lord) of Society of Jesus on lintel in the side door door.
Macau is big three expect namely the saint protect Luo bema historic relic and be located in Macau to greatly expect the hill of street neighborhood up.It is the cathedral of biggest east at that time.In 1835 its shape is similar to traditional memorial arch in China, so call "is big three Ba stone tablet shop".Is big three Ba the memorial arch is below the hills one of"eight views in Macau"ses, be located in fort, left border on Macau of museum and big gun set famous spot, descend connect 68 class stone stairses, show Wei E very much grand view.Is big three Ba the memorial arch protect ruins(the Cantonese transliteration of "three expect"namely" the saint protect Lu") in the Lu church for saint.The church starts to set up in 1637 and successively experiences 3 wildfire, often the Fen often sets up, till October 26, 1835, the last wildfire burns it leave a center door big wall in church, this wall gets "big three Ba memorial arch" because of traditional memorial arch in similar China.Carving on the memorial arch wall is elegant, among them Chinese stone lion the head is the exquisite article that the western religious art combines together with traditional stone carving art in China.
There are a lot of cathedrals in Macau and construct ages among them the longest ago, the saint is most famous to protect a Lu church.The saint protects a Lu church to lay foundation stone in 1602, completed in 1637, the church dissolved to go into some characteristicses of east building in the type building of Ba Luo Ke of Europe.At that time, the church is in the south of R.O.C a take very famous, many foreign missionaries all came to study doctrine here and studied Chinese culture, take western culture to the east at the same time.The church once experienced three a fires, but often the Fen often set up, until the last wildfire on January 26, 1835 gobbled up the whole building, left a door wall, because of shape the memorial arch of China but was greatly been called by the native son three Ba memorial arch.
Is big three Ba the memorial arch is one of signs in Macau, also "three Ba saint vestige" of eight one of the viewses in Macau.
Is big three Ba the memorial arch is ex- to extend before facing 68s but next of the stone stairs constituted to be known for vestige in winning of Macau.Is big three Ba the memorial arch is totally divided into 5 F, from up arrive descend all inset and carve appearance entirely different, cover with the arts of strong Christianity color to be like.The first floor is a bema is 3 noodles front doors, center door and two side tops in the door engrave the certain context of "God the Holy Mother" and"Jesus" with Latin text respectively;It carves to there is a Jesuitical sage being like in the second floor niche;The 3 F exact center has one virginity the Holy Mother statue, several angels and 2 surround both sides, among them the peony flower symbol China, the chrysanthemum symbolizes Japan and engrave to have on the left stone pillar representative tree and the Holy Mother of the life conquers devil also pierce Jesus of tool, win to die by symbol;The 4 F has one Jesus El Nino statue, it engraves beside useful with the tool that nails fast Jesus;The 5 F engraves to have a representative the pigeon form of the saint absolute being a bronze statue and side rounds the sculpture carvings of having the representative's the sun, moon and stars;Most the memorial arch top contains a cross.The whole memorial arch carves and insets very fine, blended thing square construct the essence of art, is the art object that an inside Spanish turns to blend.
Be located in Macau to greatly expect there is a cripple wall historic relic on the hill of street neighborhood, this is the saint to protect a Luo church.It is finished in 1637, the whole church embodied European the Renaissance construct the style and east construct a combining of special feature, is eastern biggest cathedral at that time.In 1835, the saint protects Luo the church be burned down by wildfire, only survived forepart for cent, again its shape is similar to traditional memorial arch in China, so call "is big three Ba stone tablet shop".
The tour is big three Ba memorial arch, in addition to appreciate Wei E grand view of ex- wall, also want to browse wall with quiet attention up fine ectype and its meaning.Pursue a layer from the memorial arch coping but descend, is Gao Gao first in the last cross, its bottom again divide 3 F, each wall hides one bronze statue and is cast by making of early years in Macau cannon factory.Is a pigeon form bronze statue under the cross, it is said that that the flank that cloud is to represent saint absolute being, be like rounds the sculpture carvings of having the sun, moon and stars, symbol the Holy Mother virginity pregnancy split second time.Copper pigeon under is a Jesus El Nino statue, the flank being like engraves useful with the tool that nails fast Jesus.From big three Ba the memorial arch close to of big gun set fortress the bottom hope, can see original vestige in the whole church and afterward some sculpture carvingses of noodles square.
Is big three Ba the memorial arch is Macau's most well-known building, also the symbol of Macau."Do not go big three expect, didn't once arrive Macau on the whole" is very popular the region words.
Is big three Ba memorial arch namely the saint protect Luo bema historic relic and be located in Macau to greatly expect the hill of street neighborhood up.Be placed in the busy streets area of Macau.
It is the cathedral of biggest east at that time.In 1835, the saint protects Luo the church be burned down by wildfire, the wall is part of just before surviving.Its shape is similar to traditional memorial arch in China, so call "is big three Ba stone tablet shop".
Elegant and incomparable art carvings, will big three Ba the memorial arch decorate ancient plain cultured.
Is big three Ba the memorial arch have already become one of the symbol of Macau, is necessarily also a trip to visitor's Macau to of ground.
