语法填空题解题技巧

 

我们首先来看一下此题型的题目要求：“阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语；用括号中的词语的适当形式填空”。虽然是“语法填空”，但还是离不开词汇。而且，在英语学习过程中，词汇和语法学习是分不开的。因此，要想答好此种类型的题，需要学生掌握多种能力。

一、词汇的积累。

要想做好语法填空题，词汇量是一大关。高中阶段，单词的记忆是不成问题的，关键是在阅读中可能出现两种问题：一是由于时间仓促，把词形极其相近的词读错，导致无法正确理解，如worm和warm；二是一个单词可能有两个或两个以上完全不同的意思，不考虑具体情况或只知其一不知其二，都会导致理解错误，如break即有动词“打破”的意思，又有名词“休息”的意思。在语法填空题中，词组的固定搭配也尤为重要，需要平时多总结、积累。

另外，还要注意名词可数、不可数以及单复数形

式，形容词、副词、介词等用法。所有要填入的词语，一定要根据所给短文的具体语境来判断词的具体意思。

请看下面的语法填空题：

Recently, Jessica Meeker, an 18-year-old girl became the youngest student   31   (receive) an MBA (Master of Business Administration) from Indiana University of Pennsylvania. She is not the average MBA. She likes wearing black    32   and listening to punk rock (朋克摇滚).

   33   the age of 12, Jessica became the youngest student at Pennsylvania State University and when she was 16, she was the youngest to get a bachelor's degree in psychology.

Jessica's father, 49 years old, and her mother, 46, always knew their   34   was smart.   35   to them, she could spell at 18 months. In first grade,   36   complaining many times that she was   37  (bore), her parents took her out of public school system and taught her at their home.

Now these classes are over, it's time to look toward the future. “  38   wants to hire me because   39   I have an MBA I have no experience,” Jessica said. She also said she was   40   getting a doctor's degree in psychology.

参考答案：

31. to receive 32. clothes 33. At

34. daughter 35. According 36. after 37. bored

38. None 39. even though 40. considering）

上述短文里对词汇和固定搭配的考查如下：

32. clothes （名词） 33. At （介词） 34. daughter （名词） 35. According （According to固定短语） 36. after （介词） 38. None （代词） 39. even though （连词）

二、语法的正确使用。

一般在语法填空题中，常考的语法是：动词的时态、非谓语动词形式、主谓一致、名词性从句、状语从句、定语从句等。我们来看一下上述短文中对语法的考查。

1. 不定式： Recently, Jessica Meeker, an 18-year-old girl became the youngest student   31   (receive) an MBA (Master of Business Administration) from Indiana University of Pennsylvania. （参考答案：31. to receive）

2.过去分词： In first grade,   36   complaining many times that she was   37   (bore), her parents took her out of public school system and taught her at their home. （参考答案：37. bored）

3. 状语从句： Now that classes are over, it's time to look toward the future. “  38   wants to hire me because   39   I have an MBA I have no experience,” Jessica said. （参考答案：39. even though）

4. 动词的时态（过去进行时）： She also said she was   40   getting a doctor's degree in psychology. （参考答案： 40. considering）

三、培养短文阅读能力。

（一） 寻找主题句和中心句。

每篇短文都是一个有机的整体，一个段落只有一个主题思想，每个段落都有一个句子表达这个段落的主题思想，这个句子叫做主题句。看空白处你所要填的词与文章的主题句和中心意思是否相吻合。

（二） 正确判断和推理。

在填完后，再认真把短文读一遍，看一看所填的词语是否符合上下文逻辑关系，并进行必要的改正。