条件、让步、地点状语从句
一、条件状语从句
条件状语从句用来表示实现主句中某一动作发生的条件，或表示主句中某一状态是在什么情况下产生的。引导条件状语从句的连词有if, unless(= if…not), as/so long as, on condition that, in case, suppose/ supposing that, provided/providing that等。如：
① If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll hold the sports meeting.
如果明天不下雨的话，我们就举行运动会。
② Unless you call me to say you’re not coming, I’ll see you at the theatre.
除非你打电话告诉我你不来了，否则我会在剧院等你的。
③ In case anything important happens, please call me up.
万一发生什么重要的事，请打电话给我。
[特别提示]
① “in case +从句”还可以表示“以防、以免”的意思。
② 近三年高考围绕if, unless, as/so long as和in case考查的频率极高。
[即学即练]
1. The medicine works more effectively _______ you drink some hot water after taking it. (2009 浙江卷)
A. as B. until C. although D. if
2. — Shall we have our picnic tomorrow?
— _______ it doesn’t rain. (2009 山东卷)
A. Until B. While C. Once D. If
3. You may use the room as you like _______ you clean it up afterwards. (2009 北京卷)
A. so far as B. so long as
C. in case D even if
4. Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow _______ I forget. (2008 上海卷)
A. though B. so that C. in case D. until
Key: 1-4 DDBC
二、让步状语从句
让步状语从句表示尽管有某种不利于主句动作发生的条件存在，主句中的情况依然会出现。引导让步状语从句的连词比较多，常见的有：①although, though, while；② even if = even though；③no matter + wh-word = wh-word + ever；④ whether…
(or)等。如：
① Air exists everywhere although we can’t see it.
尽管我们看不见空气，但它却无处不在。
② While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you.
虽然我理解你说的话，但我不同意你的观点。（while多位于句首）
③ No matter where he hides, we will find him out.
无论他躲到哪里，我们都要把他找出来。(= Wherever he hides)
④ Whether you like it or not, you must do it well.
无论你愿意还是不愿意，你都要把这事做好。
[特别提示]
① although/though不与but连用，但可与still, yet或all the same连用。
② “wh-word +ever (不管、无论)”与“no matter + wh-word”的转换仅限于状语从句中。
③ 近三年高考考查让步状语从句的范围比较广，应全面掌握。
[即学即练]
1. _______ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him. (2009 湖南卷)
A. Although B. As long as
C. If only D. As soon as
2. _______ the Internet is of great help, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it. (2008 湖南卷)
A. If B. While C. Because D. As
3. _______ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread. (2008 辽宁卷)
A. Whatever B. Whenever
C. Wherever D. However
4. All people, _______ they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster. (2008 重庆卷)
A. even if B. whether
C. no matter D. however
5. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _______ they knew it to be valuable. (2007 浙江卷)
A. as if B. now that
C. even though D. so that
Key: 1-5 ABDBC
三、地点状语从句
地点状语从句是表示主句谓语动作发生的地点的状语从句，引导词有where, wherever, anywhere,everywhere等。
1. 表示具体地点: 地点状语从句表示具体地点时，从句可位于主句之前或之后。如：
① The castle stood where the two roads meet.
那座城堡曾位于这两条公路交汇的地方。
② Wherever I went, the dog followed me.
无论我走到哪里，那只狗都跟着我。
2. 表示抽象条件: 地点状语从句有时含有条件的意义，此时需放在主句之前。如：
① Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。
② Where there is smoke, there is fire. 无风不起浪，无火不生烟。
[特别提示]
引导地点状语时，where≠介词＋which；只有引导定语从句时，where =介词＋which。如：
Put the book where we can all see it. (≠ in which)
[即学即练]
1. _______ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.
(2009 江苏卷)
A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Until
2. You’d better not leave the medicine _______ kids can get at it. (2008 山东卷)
A. even if B. which C. where D. so that
3. If you are traveling _______ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.
(2006 天津卷)
A. in which B. what C. when D. where
4. — Mom, what did your doctor say?
— He advised me to live _______ the air is fresher.(2006 四川卷)
A. in where B. in which
C. the place where D. where
5. In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help _______ there is human suffering. (2006 江西卷)
A. whoever B. however
C. whatever D. wherever
Key: 1-5 BCDDD
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