Brexit, Covid, war, climate disasters, a tanking economy, political instability, global insecurity, a sense ofimpendingdoom. There’s a single word for this, and it has just become Collins Dictionary’s word of the year:permacrisis.
英国脱欧、新冠肺炎疫情、战争、气候灾难、经济衰退、政治不稳定、全球性安全问题、一种即将来临的厄运感。如果用一个词来形容以上的这些，或许“长期危机”是个合适的选择，而它也刚刚荣登柯林斯词典的年度词汇。
The word is defined as “an extended period of instability and insecurity”, which some may argue is an accurate summary of the past few years. Collins said it chose the word as it “sums up quitesuccinctlyhow truly awful 2022 has been for so many people”.
这个词被定义为“一段长期的不稳定和不安全的时期”，一些人可能会认为，这就是对过去几年的准确总结。柯林斯表示，之所以选择这个词，是因为它“相当简洁地总结了2022年对这么多人来说是多么的糟糕”。
Permacrisis tops a list of 10 words, six of them new entries in the dictionary, which represent 2022, Collins said.
柯林斯表示，长期危机在10个单词中位列首位，而在它们中6个都是柯林斯词典中的“新晋”词汇，代表着2022年人们的整体状态。
“Partygate”refers to the scandal of social gatherings in Downing Street during the pandemic, contravening public health rules and contrasting markedly with most people’s sense of isolation and loss.
“聚会门”指的是疫情期间在唐宁街发生的社交聚会丑闻，这违反了公共卫生规范，与大多数人在疫情中经历的孤立自闭和怅然若失形成了鲜明对比。
“Kyiv”made the list after the name of the Ukrainian capital came to symbolise the country’s stand against Russian aggression.
“基辅”之所以入选该名单，是因为乌克兰首都的名字象征着该国反对俄罗斯侵略的立场。
“Warm bank”describes a building such as a public library or place of worship that is opening its doors over the winter months to provide a welcoming space for people struggling to heat their homes due tospirallingenergy costs.
“取暖银行”描述的是那些在冬季开放的公共图书馆或礼拜场所等建筑，它们欢迎那些由于能源成本不断上升而难以取暖的人们在此躲避严寒。
The growing practice of“quiet quitting”– doing basic duties at work but no more, in rejection of competitive careerism and out-of-hours emails – made the cut, as did“vibe shift”, meaning a “significant change in theprevailingatmosphere or culture”.
越来越多“职场摸鱼”的做法取得了成功，他们在工作中做好分内的事，除此之外绝不多做，拒绝内卷，拒绝回复非工作时间的电子邮件，而“vibe shift”也是如此，意为“主流氛围或文化的重大变化”。
解析
impending/ ɪmˈpendɪŋ adj.即将发生的
succinctly/ səkˈsɪŋktli / adv.简洁地
spiralling/ ˈspaɪrəlɪŋ / v. 急剧增长
prevailing/ prɪˈveɪlɪŋ / adj.现存的，盛行的
“Carolean”refers to the newmonarchicalera after the end of the second Elizabethan age this year and the accession of King Charles.
“卡洛琳”指的是今年第二个伊丽莎白时代结束和查尔斯国王即位后的新君主时代。
“Lawfare”is the strategic use of legal proceedings to intimidate or hinder an opponent.
“法律战”是指利用法律程序来恐吓或阻碍对手。
Humankind’s four-legged friends contributed the term“splooting”– the act of lying flat on the stomach on a cool surface with legs stretched out as a way of countering unusually high temperatures. Cats, dogs, cows, polar bears and squirrels have been spotted splooting on social media throughout 2022.
人类的动物朋友们贡献了“splooting”这个词——腹部平躺在凉爽的表面上，伸直双腿，以对抗不寻常的高温。2022年，人们在社交媒体上频频见到各种趴着的猫、狗、牛、北极熊、松鼠。
The final word is“sportswashing”, a term for organisations and countries that use sports activities to enhance their reputations or distract from unacceptable policies.
最后一个是“体育洗白”，是指利用体育活动来提高声誉或将人们的目光从不合理的政策上移开。
Qatar, the host of the 2022 football World Cup starting this month, has been accused of sportswashing after concerns over the mistreatment of migrant labour,homophobiaand freedom of expression.
卡塔尔是本月开始的2022年足球世界杯的主办国，出于对虐待移民劳工、恐同症和言论不自由等情况的担忧，卡塔尔被指控进行体育洗白。
The list reflected “the state of the world right now”, said Alex Beecroft, the managing director of Collins Learning.
柯林斯公司的董事总经理亚历克斯·比克罗夫特说，这份列表反映了“当下的世界状况”。
“Language can be a mirror to what is going on in society and the wider world and this year has thrown up challenge after challenge.
“语言可以反映社会和更广泛的世界正在发生的事情，今年接二连三地出现了许多挑战。
“It is understandable that people may feel, after living throughupheavalcaused by Brexit, the pandemic, severe weather, the war in Ukraine, political instability, the energy squeeze and the cost-of-living crisis, that we are living in an ongoing state of uncertainty and worry.”
“在英国经历了脱欧、新冠疫情、恶劣天气、乌克兰战争、政治不稳定、能源紧缩和生活成本危机之后，人们可能会感到，我们正生活在一种持续的不确定和担忧的状态中。”
Collins Dictionary monitors its 18bn-word database and a range of media sources, including social media, to create an annual list of new and notable words.
《柯林斯词典》跟踪检测了其包含180亿个词汇的数据库以及社交媒体在内的一系列媒体来源，以创建一个年度最“大热”的新词列表。
解析
monarchical/ məˈnɑːkɪkl / adj.君主的
homophobia/ ˌhoʊməˈfoʊbiə /n.对同性恋的憎恶
upheaval/ ʌpˈhiːv(ə)l / n.激变，剧变
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