我们苦逼学生们每天在学习上花的时间最多，因为学习量实在是太大。但其实学习量是固定的，如果学习速度能够提升，那么我们需要学习的时间就可以缩短，然后就能留下更多的时间做自己想做的事情～所以一个好的学习方法真的真的太重要了，今天给大家带来的这篇文章里，一位大神用两年时间研究了8000个学生，总结出了最强学习方法，学生必看！
What are the best study methods?
最好的学习方法是什么？
This is my personal research on how to study over two years. I succeeded to get a distinction in 8000 students from many colleges. I did not spend more than two months in my college.
关于这个问题我已经研究了有两年了，我花了不到两个月时间，成功的从不同的学校分类出了不同学生（8000人）的学习方法。
There are two important concepts worth sharing before I describe my study method. The first concept is about memory graph and the second one is about concentration span.
在分享我研究出的学习方法之前有必要先介绍两个其他的研究成果，第一个就是人类记忆曲线图，第二个就是人类注意力集中值柱状图。
The human memory graph:
人类记忆曲线图
The concept is when you read something, your memory of what you read or heard is almost alive. If we represent this with graph it is horizontally at 100%, and it slowly declines over time.
第一个研究结果告诉我们，在你背过某些东西之后的那一段时间里你记住的是100%的东西，之后随着时间流逝会慢慢忘记。
When you review it after one day, memory connections are strengthened. Now its declination is very slow as compared to without review. This speed decreases with every review of the thing you want to remember.
一天之后当你回顾一遍之后会加强记忆效果。现在你忘掉它的时间会比没有回顾的时候慢上许多，当你回顾的次数越多记得越牢。
It is explained in the graph below.
具体走向如下图所示：
Instead of memorizing, try setting a review plan without any tension and be relaxed. Read with concentration, and then leave it. Read again in the evening, then again the next day, and then again the next week.
不要因为背过之后会忘记而感到恐慌，试着制定一个轻松点的回顾计划，在背过之后的当天晚上再看一遍，之后第二天再看一遍，一周之后再看一遍。
Test yourself on the 15th day, and then review after one month. You'll notice that your memory, of what you heard, read, or listened, will not decline so easy now plus you remember most of it including subtle details related to or within the material.
在第15天的时候看看自己是否都记住了，到了一个月的时候在回顾一遍。这时候你想忘掉这些东西就比较难啦。
The human attention span:
人类注意力集中值：
As it's clear from this graph, the human attention span is at 30% after 45 minutes. Mostly, that is the length of one class for schools below university level. In universities it is increased to one hour or more. You can improve your attention span by increasing the time slowly, but it is better to take a short break (~5 minutes) after about an hour of focused study. The short break will allow you to regain about 90% of your attention span.
上图很明确的告诉我们在45分钟之后人类只能集中30%的注意力了，因此大多数学校会把一节课的时间设定在45分钟。而大学里则变成了一节课一小时。上了一小时课之后最好活动几分钟，这样你会重新回归到90%的集中注意力。
Another important thing regarding memory is reading a topic from many sources. It has two benefits, less boredom and many different aspects of the same scenario. Later one increases latency of information from different areas of mind when required. The more connections your brain makes with the information, the more likely it will stick in your mind.
另一个关于记忆的重点就是从不同渠道去了解这个知识点。这样做有两点好处，第一点就是这样不至于太无聊而且你还能从多方面看待一个问题，第二点好处就是这时你的脑中已经记住了不同领域的潜在知识。你的大脑和一个知识点关联的越紧密，你牢记它的可能性就越高。
Another important consideration is the productive hours. It may be different for few people but mostly early morning is the most productive time.
还有一个需要注意的方面就是效率时间。小部分的人可能不同，但大多数人都是早上的时候记东西更有效率。
Remember to keep the room temperature a little warm. It will help in focusing.
另外就是当房间温度比较暖和的时候对集中注意力比较有帮助。
After a lot of study about how to study, I devised a plan, which was refined over time according to the results. Now here is a refined plan, is a refined plan, in which are inherent many researches and experiences I have come across during or after that 2 year study period. I have always been interested in education, human evolution and psychology.
下面进入正题，在经过了对如何学习进行大量研究之后我制定出了一个计划，随后这个计划又被不断地完善。现在要说的就是这个完善过的版本，它融合了多种研究成果和我的个人经历。我一直对教育、人类发展和心理学感兴趣。
When you want to be confident about some topic or field of study first read about the input and output, end results, its uses, how it works and why you are into it and then dive into.
当你想要对某课题或者研究领域有拥有自信，首先得先读懂该方面的相关知识背景和已有作品，结果，应用，如何使用，你为什么喜欢它并愿意全身心投入。
Planning and managing your study:
计划并管理你的学习情况：
Define a Study Schedule; I scheduled 11 hours for study per day. It is the first step to success. I was studying, and interested in it, so I was giving most of my time to studying. You may schedule less than 11 hours of course.
做个时间表。我个人的时间表是11个小时，这是成功的第一步。我个人本身就是个学霸因此制定的时间比较长，当然了你也可以制定个短一点的时间表。
Humans can concentrate for 40 minutes on a subject, or maximum 1 hour. Do change your study material/subject after every 40 minutes or 1 hour. But later on you can increase this time slowly to 2 hours. I did this.
人类可以在一科上专注学习45分钟，撑死了也就一个小时。因此每40分钟或者一小时转换你学习的学科。但在转职成高级学霸之后你可以把一科的时间增加到两小时，我就是这么做的。
Start on your daily schedule by learning new things, learning new things at start gives you hope and makes you motivated.
每天开始学习时先学新知识，因为一学新知识能给你希望并激发起兴趣。
Don’t start one subject or module after the other. Take a break of 5 to ten minutes. During your break time eat some chocolate, fruits, and vitamins. Get out of your seat and get your blood flowing by walking around or doing a few sit-ups, push-ups, or jumping jacks.
别在学完一科之后立马学下一科，中间歇五到十分钟。这段时间可以吃点巧克力水果补充点维他命。离开座位，出去散步，做些仰卧起坐坐，俯卧撑，跳跃运动等促进血液循环。
Even better, step outside to get a breath of fresh air and enjoy nature. This is a right click and refresh for you on your desktop to start another application.
出去运动下呼吸下新鲜空气享受下自然感觉会更好。这就像右击电脑桌面刷新，再打开另一个应用程序。
Study each subject three times a day, design your schedule such that every subject has 3 shifts per day. Take notes in the first shift, and rehearse them in second shift and so on. Notes taken should not be an exact copy of the book text.
每天每科要学三轮，你定制的时间表里每科应该每天转换三次。第一次学习就记笔记，第二次看是复述一遍，第三次巩固。笔记不该是全部照抄书本。
Re-allocate time for your modules in your schedule after every (maximum of) two weeks. Or test yourself after one week and review your schedule; focus on areas you need work in based on the results of your self-testing.Test yourself sometime in the middle of a study schedule in a day.
最多每两个星期要重新计划你的时间表，或者是在每周自我测试之后根据你的每科成绩来重新分配时间。边学习边检测你的时间表是否合适。
Remember to review topics of this day you have studied, at the end of study time table.
在每天时间表的最后要留出时间来回顾今天所学的重点。
Second day, start with looking at the topics of the last day. But never do an exam at the start of study time. Later chapters in books mostly have references from former ones. Increase difficulty slowly from start to end. A basic rule in all of our lives.
第二天的时候先回顾一下昨天的要点，但不要上来就给自己找张卷子做。学习的难度应该是慢慢增加的,课本内容安排也是循序渐进的。这是我们生活的基本法则。
Do some statistics on important and less important subjects or difficult and easy subjects and divide time with statistics methods.
先统计出哪科重要哪科不重要，或者哪科比较难哪科比较容易。
If studying something which could be easily implemented in home or lab, don’t miss it. I, when studying biology, had tried to produce a new family of a tree though it was just a try and nothing resulted. I have been programming to simulate the physics concepts which helped a lot.
当学过的东西能在家里或实验室里实践的时候，大胆的做吧。我在学生物的时候就曾试着用一棵树繁殖出新的小树苗，虽然最后失败了。另外我还用计算机编程模拟一些物理理论，这对我很有帮助。
Subject Specific Study Techniques:
具体学科的学习方法：
For math subjects, try to solve a question, if you fail, just do it with your hands by looking at some help book. After you finish copying by hands, you will infer what was missing. This is called learning with hands not mind. This is because some time an answer tells you about the solution in math.
对于数学科目，在你解题失败后照着答案手抄一遍。在你抄完之后你会发现自己到底哪步错了，好记性不如烂笔头，这是因为在数学题里答案一般都包含着解题步骤。
For physics subjects, start with writing the topics equation, prove it on paper same as stated above in (math method), then start with the theory. Attach equation with the topic.
对于物理科目，先写一些定理的等式，照着上述数学方法一样把他证明出来，之后再去学习跟这个定理等式有关的内容。
For English, write difficult words on the note book. Learn them first.
对于英语，把难词写在本上，先把他们学会了。
For theory subjects, read a lot on the same topic from different sources, read the topic on book, leave it. Now read it on Wikipedia and leave it. Learn it on some other book.
对于理论性课程，找不同的关于同一个理论的文献看看。比如先看看书里说的，再看看维基百科里怎么说的，最后再看看别的书里怎么说的。
This is easy and very useful method. Don't try to learn from your book only this will bore you and you won’t remember well.
这是个简单有效的方法。单看书本里的内容会让你觉得很枯燥并且你记得也不会太牢。
Exam tips:
考试技巧:
End preparing for exams about one week before. Design your exams timetable so that your intense preparation ends about one week before the first day of paper.
在考试要开始的前一周就要把所有东西都复习过一遍。制定你的考试复习时间表并在考试开始前一周结束它。
Tension free preparation. Inside your heart you know I have one week, as a backup.
在遵循考试时间表的时候不用太紧张，因为你知道你还有一周的备用时间。
One week extra preparation. The last EXTRA week is now more valuable than one month. Everything you will do in this week will be extra and very motivational for you.
最后一周的额外准备时间是最有价值的，这一周里你所做的一切都是为你额外增添信心的。
If there is 2, 3 days break between papers, don't stick with one subject. As mentioned above it kills productive study and focus.
如果每场考试之间有两三天的休息时间，不要用这几天只看一科。如前面所说，这样效率会大打折扣。
Review your notes the day before paper. This will give you an overview of all topics plus strengthening the memory connections for those topics.
考试前复习下你的笔记。回顾一下把各个专题知识联系起来并加强记忆。
After paper is over, don’t throw the question paper into dust bin, thinking that it’s gone now. It can help your mind settle down. Read and examine how much you did correctly.
考完试后别以为把考卷扔垃圾桶就完事了。检查你做对了多少，这样更安心。
Keep calculating marks you obtained in each paper and adding to total. It will motivate you, like we do in scoring games.
每次考完记录下分数并算出总分，这就像得分游戏一样会激励你。
Don’t forget the one and only solution for refreshment and energy of mind, the exercise and healthy foods in exams.别忘了考试期间保持运动和健康饮食，这是唯一让你精力充沛的方式。
Miscellaneous facts:
多方面的小建议：
Don't listen to love music or such type of songs. Listen to some good motivational music like "K'NAAN - WAVIN' FLAG" (Wavin' Flag.)
不要听一些爱情歌曲等靡靡之音，多听点激励人心的歌曲，比如说南非世界杯的主题曲“飘扬的旗帜”。
Do take some time for spirituality or loneliness, for many reasons it’s important.
花点时间去寻找灵感和独处，这很重要。
Play some sports or exercise, not too much.
适当地锻炼，不要过量。
Eat different things in daily life and especially in break times.
每天均衡饮食，尤其是休息时间。
Listen to news for some time. If learning English, listen to BBC.
听会儿新闻。学英语的可以听BBC。
Play with children, they are also learning, observe them and their interest.
和小孩玩，因为他们也在成长学习的阶段，观察他们并发现他们的兴趣所在。
Do spend some time with family and share your status.
花时间陪陪家人并分享你的现状。
If possible, do have some time to teach someone. It will be best, if you can teach what you are learning yourself.
有可能的话去做做家教吧。如果你能教别人你自学会的东西，那会受益无穷。
For your tasks apart from study, make a to-do list. It’s very important to lessen the distraction and burden from your mind.
除了学习之外列个必做清单。这很重要，可以避免分心并减缓压力。
Understanding the problem, half solves it.
能够完全理解问题，这相当于已解决了一半。
Imagine your success every day, imagine the future. You are investing on your future.
想象下有天会成功，想象下未来。现在就是在投资未来。
Spread knowledge.
扩充知识。
What learning strategies do people who are "quick learners" follow? 问：学霸们有什么特殊的学习技巧？
I am smart but a slow learner, I have seen people who learn things quickly have a different approach to new things and a different attitude but I can't clearly tell these things apart. Can you?
我很聪明，但学的很慢。我见过一些人，他们学起东西来非常快，对待新知识有自己独特的技巧和态度。但是我区分不了，你可以吗？
I've been in the web development industry for 16 years and have had to learn countless new technologies. I've also been a guitar, graphic design & video editing teacher for the better part of 2 decades. As a result, I've learned some very efficient ways to help people learn new things quickly:
我从事网页开发工作长达16年，不得不学习无数的新技术。这20年来的大部分时间里，我还教人弹吉他、做平面设计和编辑视频。因此我学到了一些十分有效的方法，能帮助大家快速学习新事物。
Drown your way to swimming.
学习要破釜沉舟。
Don't start at the bottom, start at the top. Find the very best person in the field and follow what they say. If you don't understand their words because they're over your head. Listen to them more - Google their terminologies - until you do understand the world they live in. Compare your work to the best on earth, not to your peers.
不要从底层出发，要从最顶端开始。找到你所在领域最优秀的人，关注他们说了什么。如果因为他们的层次太高，你不能理解他们的话，那就多听听他们是怎么说的，上谷歌搜一下他们说的专业术语，直到你真的能够理解他们的世界。跟世界上最出色的人作比较，而不是你的同侪。
Put yourself in a place that's way over your head. Apply for a job that you probably won't get ... The failed interview will provide invaluable information as to what people value on the playing field you want to be on.
让自己处于一种远远超出你能力范围的环境，找一份你很可能应聘不上的工作……失败的面试经历能让你获得非常宝贵的信息，让你了解在你想进入的领域中，人们都看重些什么。
"Play with the big boys" any chance you get. Get addicted to the feeling of being the worst on the team. If you become the best, find a new place to work where you aren't anymore.
抓住一切可以和大牛接触的机会。迷上做“凤尾”的感觉。如果你成了最棒的那个，那就跳槽去一个你不再是最优秀的新环境工作。
Refuse to learn without doing.
切忌光学不做。
Don't read a blog on how to code without hand-coding/copying every example.
不要光读教你如何写代码的博客，而要自己动手敲代码，或者模仿其中的范例。
If you listen to a lecture, take unnecessarily complex notes—this will lock in information.
听讲座的时候，笔记要尽可能详实——这能帮助你牢记信息。
Edit: Research shows that taking more selective notes causes you to process the information and retain it better.
注：研究表明，有选择性地做更多笔记能促使你的大脑处理信息并记得更牢。
Start a blog. Disseminate the valuable information you're learning to others.
开始写博客。把你正在学习的有价值的信息传播给其他人。
The simple act of teaching will cause you to process the knowledge to a level of simplicity that greatly increases your understanding. Plus, any human interaction surrounding the knowledge - comments, arguments, corrections, will cause it to lock-in deeper into your memory.
教别人能帮你整合所学，由繁化简，从而更好地理解所学知识。此外，任何与这些知识点相关的人际互动——评论、辩论、指正，都会加深你的记忆。
Practice shorter, but more frequently rather than longer, but less frequently.
短时间、高频率地练习，而不是反之。
A guitar student who practices 10 minutes every day will do far better than one who plays 2 hours once a week. The latter will simply keep re-learning much of the same thing each week, forgetting it by the next week.
每天练十分钟吉他的学生，弹得会比每周练两个小时的学生好很多。后者只是每周重复学习大致相同的内容，然后下周又忘了。
Your brain remembers the first and last things the most, so make sure to recap each "learning session" with the most important things you want to remember.
你的大脑对第一件事和最后一件事的印象最深刻，所以一定要简要回顾每个“学习阶段”中的要点。
Good luck.
祝你好运啦！
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