孔浩Spring mvc 笔记

Spring mvc 配置：

Web.xml:

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?><web-appxmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaeehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">         <servlet>           <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>           <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>           <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>         </servlet>         <servlet-mapping>           <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>           <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>         </servlet-mapping>                 <filter>           <filter-name>CharacterFilter</filter-name>           <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>           <init-param>            <param-name>encoding</param-name>            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>           </init-param>         </filter>         <filter-mapping>           <filter-name>CharacterFilter</filter-name>           <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>         </filter-mapping></web-app>

Hello-servlet.xml

(名称必须与web.xm文件中的servlet-name相同，放到web-inf下)  

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?><beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvchttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd  http://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">          <context:component-scanbase-package="zttc.itat.controller"/>  <mvc:annotation-driven/>  <!--将静态文件指定到某个特殊的文件夹中统一处理 -->  <mvc:resourceslocation="/resources/" mapping="/resources/**"/>  <beanname="/welcome.html"class="zttc.itat.controller.WelcomeController"></bean>          <beanclass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">     <propertyname="viewClass"value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>     <propertyname="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>     <propertyname="suffix" value=".jsp"/>  </bean>          <!--设置multipartResolver才能完成文件上传 -->  <beanid="multipartResolver"class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">     <propertyname="maxUploadSize" value="5000000"></property>  </bean>          <beanid="exceptionResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">     <propertyname="exceptionMappings">       <props>         <propkey="zttc.itat.model.UserException">error</prop>       </props>     </property>  </bean></beans>

UserController .java

@Controller@RequestMapping("/user")public class UserController {  private Map<String, User> users = new HashMap<String, User>();  public UserController() {    users.put("sdy",new User("sdy","123","宋冬野","[e-mail]"));    users.put("ldh",new User("ldh","123","刘德华","[e-mail]"));    users.put("gfc",new User("gfc","123","郭富城","[e-mail]"));    users.put("lm",new User("lm","123","黎明","[e-mail]"));    users.put("zxy",new User("zxy","123","张学友","[e-mail]"));  }  //列表页面  @RequestMapping(value = "/users",method = RequestMethod.GET)  public String list(Model model){    model.addAttribute("users", users);    return "user/list";  }  //添加用户页面  @RequestMapping(value = "/add",method = RequestMethod.GET)  public String add(Model model){    //开启ModelDriven    model.addAttribute(new User());    return "user/add";  }  //添加用户  @RequestMapping(value = "/add",method = RequestMethod.POST)  public String add(@Validated User user,BindingResult br, @RequestParam("attachs")MultipartFile[] attachs, HttpServletRequest req) throws IOException {    if(br.hasErrors()){      //如果有错误直接调整到add视图      return "user/add";    }    //System.out.println(attach.getName() + "," + attach.getOriginalFilename() + "," + attach.getContentType());    String realPath = req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/resources/upload");    System.out.println(realPath);    for(MultipartFile attach : attachs){      if(attach.isEmpty()) continue;      File f = new File(realPath + "/" + attach.getOriginalFilename());      FileUtils.copyInputStreamToFile(attach.getInputStream(), f);    }    users.put(user.getUsername(), user);    return "redirect:users";  }  @RequestMapping(value = "/{username}",method = RequestMethod.GET)  public String show(@PathVariable String username, Model model){    model.addAttribute(users.get(username));    return "user/show";  }//	@RequestMapping(value = "/{username}",method = RequestMethod.GET,params = "json")//	@ResponseBody//	public User show(@PathVariable String username){//		return users.get(username);////	}  @RequestMapping(value="/{username}",method=RequestMethod.GET,params="json")  @ResponseBody  public User show(@PathVariable String username) {    return users.get(username);  }  @RequestMapping(value = "/{username}/update",method = RequestMethod.GET)  public String update(@PathVariable String username, Model model){    model.addAttribute(users.get(username));    return "user/update";  }  @RequestMapping(value = "/{username}/update",method = RequestMethod.POST)  public String update(@PathVariable String username, User user, BindingResult br){    if(br.hasErrors()){      //如果有错误直接调整到add视图      return "user/update";    }    users.put(username, user);    return "redirect:/user/users";  }  @RequestMapping(value = "/{username}/delete",method = RequestMethod.GET)  public String delete(@PathVariable String username){    users.remove(username);    return "redirect:/user/users";  }  @RequestMapping(value = "/login",method = RequestMethod.POST)  public String login(String username, String password, HttpSession session){    if(!users.containsKey(username)){      throw new UserException("用户名不存在！");    }    User user = users.get(username);    if(!user.getPassword().equals(password)){      throw new UserException("密码错误！");    }    session.setAttribute("user", user);    return "redirect:/user/users";  }/*	@ExceptionHandler(value ={UserException.class})  public String handlerException(UserException e, HttpServletRequest req){    req.setAttribute("e", e);    return "error";  }*/}

Rest风格 

/user_show?id=120/user/120 /user_delete?id=123/user/123/delete /user_updateInput?id=123/user/123/update /user_list/users/user/users REST的风格不等于使用了REST技术GET，POST，PUT，DELETE topic/23/delete

使用hibernate+spring+springmvc完整的实现一个用户管理系统

dao-->service-->controller

增加分页，增加sitemesh 

/** * 局部异常处理,仅仅只能处理这个控制器中的异常 */@ExceptionHandler(value={UserException.class})public StringhandlerException(UserException e,HttpServletRequest req) {  req.setAttribute("e",e);  return"error";} 全局异常处理 <bean id="exceptionResolver"class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">  <propertyname="exceptionMappings">     <props>       <propkey="zttc.itat.model.UserException">error</prop>     </props>  </property></bean>

<!-- 将静态文件指定到某个特殊的文件夹中统一处理--><mvc:resourceslocation="/resources/" mapping="/resources/**"/>

Spring mvc 文文件上传

1,UserController.java 

//在具体添加用户时，是post请求，就访问以下代码@RequestMapping(value="/add",method=RequestMethod.POST)public String add(@Validated Useruser,BindingResult br,@RequestParam("attachs")MultipartFile[]attachs,HttpServletRequest req) throws IOException {//一定要紧跟Validate之后写验证结果类         if(br.hasErrors()){           //如果有错误直接跳转到add视图           return"user/add";         }         Stringrealpath =req.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/resources/upload");         System.out.println(realpath);         for(MultipartFileattach:attachs) {           if(attach.isEmpty())continue;           Filef = new File(realpath+"/"+attach.getOriginalFilename());           FileUtils.copyInputStreamToFile(attach.getInputStream(),f);         }         users.put(user.getUsername(),user);         return"redirect:/user/users";}

2,Hello-servlet.xml

<!-- 设置multipartResolver才能完成文件上传--><bean id="multipartResolver"class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">         <propertyname="maxUploadSize" value="5000000"></property></bean>

3,jsp 

<!-- 此时没有写action,直接提交会提交给/add--><sf:form method="post"modelAttribute="user" enctype="multipart/form-data">  Username:<sf:inputpath="username"/><sf:errorspath="username"/><br/>  Password:<sf:passwordpath="password"/><sf:errorspath="password"/><br/>  Nickname:<sf:inputpath="nickname"/><br/>  Email:<sf:inputpath="email"/><sf:errors path="email"/><br/>  Attach:<inputtype="file" name="attachs"/><br/>	<input type="file"name="attachs"/><br/>    <inputtype="file" name="attachs"/><br/>  <inputtype="submit" value="添加用户"/></sf:form>

Sitemesh:

步骤：

1，  定义相应的模板文件（main.jsp）

2，  编写装饰器文件，说明哪些页面要引入模板

decorators.xml:

<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><decoratorsdefaultdir="/WEB-INF/decorators">  <!-- Any urls that are excluded willnever be decorated by Sitemesh -->  <excludes>     <pattern>/exclude.jsp</pattern>     <pattern>/exclude/*</pattern>  </excludes>   <decorator name="main"page="main.jsp">    <pattern>/*</pattern>  </decorator></decorators>

3，  在web.xml中开启sitemesh的过滤器

<filter>  <filter-name>sitemesh</filter-name>  <filter-class>com.opensymphony.sitemesh.webapp.SiteMeshFilter</filter-class></filter><filter-mapping>  <filter-name>sitemesh</filter-name>  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping>

Spring mvc总结：

1,在xml中配置DispatcherServlet

2,在web-inf下配置：xxx-servlet.xml

3,异常处理分局部异常处理(handlerException方法)，和全局异常处理（配置xxx-servlet：SimpleMappingExceptionResolver） 

异常处理(handlerException方法示例： /** * 局部异常处理,仅仅只能处理这个控制器中的异常 */@ExceptionHandler(value={UserException.class})public StringhandlerException(UserException e,HttpServletRequest req) {  req.setAttribute("e",e);  return"error";} 全局异常处理示例：<bean id="exceptionResolver"class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">  <propertyname="exceptionMappings">     <props>       <propkey="zttc.itat.model.UserException">error</prop>     </props>  </property></bean>

 4,页面传值到Controller可以用方法的参数直接接收，或者用@PathVariable接收：

@RequestMapping(value = "/{id}",method = RequestMethod.GET)public Stringshow(@PathVariable int id, Model model){}

5,从Controller传值到页面可以从方法参数注入session,request,或者用Model,ModelMap

6,上传文件可以直接在方法参数中加：

@RequestParam("attach")MultipartFile    //上传一个文件，file input的名称为attach@RequestParam("attachs")MultipartFile[]  //上传一组文件，file input的名称都为attachs

Spring mvc上传文件示例：  

@RequestMapping(value="/add",method=RequestMethod.POST)public String add(@Validated Useruser,BindingResult br,@RequestParam("attachs")MultipartFile[]attachs,HttpServletRequest req) throws IOException {//一定要紧跟Validate之后写验证结果类         if(br.hasErrors()){           //如果有错误直接跳转到add视图           return"user/add";         }         Stringrealpath =req.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/resources/upload");         System.out.println(realpath);         for(MultipartFileattach:attachs) {           if(attach.isEmpty())continue;           Filef = new File(realpath+"/"+attach.getOriginalFilename());           FileUtils.copyInputStreamToFile(attach.getInputStream(),f);         }         users.put(user.getUsername(),user);         return"redirect:/user/users";}

7,spring mvc方法返回json对象示例：

导入json包：jackson-all-1.9.4.jar

@RequestMapping(value="/{username}",method=RequestMethod.GET,params="json")@ResponseBodypublic User show(@PathVariable Stringusername) {         returnusers.get(username);}