四级听力新增样题分析

    2015年12月30日晚间，四六级官方网站发布听力部分改革信息，具体情况为：四级听力占全卷比例35%，总比例不变。新闻听力三段，占比7%（新增）；长对话两段，占比8%（旧题型）；短文听力三篇，占比20%（每题2%，分值增加）；

    也就是说，四级新增了新闻。以下部分就是新增环节的题目，原文和简单分析~

Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.

1. A) Christmas-time attacks made by Somali rebels.
B) An explosion at a bus station in central Nairobi.
C) The killing of more than 70 Ugandans in Kampala.
D) Blasts set off by a Somali group in Uganda’s capital.

2. A) On Christmas Eve. C) During a security check.
B) Just before midnight. D) In the small hours of the morning.

解析：

1，视听一致。ACD虽然也有部分单词被读到，但属于拼凑起来的选项，搭配不对，可直接排除。

2，视听一致。

听力原文：

Kenyan police say one person was killed and 26 injured in (1) an explosion at a bus station in central Nairobi. The blast hit a bus about to set off for the Ugandan capital Kampala. Last July, the Somali group al-Shababsaid it was behind the blasts in the Ugandan capital which killed more than 70 people. Will Ross reports from the Kenyan capital.

The explosion happened beside a bus which was about to set off for an overnight journey from Nairobi to the Ugandan capital Kampala. Some eyewitnesses report that a bag was about to be loaded on board, but it exploded (2)during a security check. Windows of the red bus were left smashed, and blood could be seen on the ground beside the vehicle. Just hours earlier, Uganda’s police chief had warned of possible Christmas-time attacks by Somali rebels.

1. What is the news report mainly about?

2. When did the incident occur?

原文翻译：

肯尼亚警方表示，内罗毕中部一个巴士停车场发生的爆炸造成1人死亡，26人受伤。爆炸袭击了准备前往乌干达首都坎帕拉的一辆大巴车。去年7月份，索马里组织青年党宣称为乌干达首都造成70多人死亡的爆炸事件负责。Will Ross在肯尼亚首都报道。

爆炸发生在准备夜间从内罗毕开往乌干达首都坎帕拉的一辆大巴车旁边。一些目击者称，一个包裹即将被装上车，但是在安检的过程中爆炸。这辆红色巴士的车窗被炸碎，车辆旁边的地面上可以看到血迹。就在几个小时前，乌干达警察局长已经警告圣诞节期间索马里反叛分子可能制造袭击的危险。

生词解析；

rebel n.叛乱者 v.造反

explosion n.爆炸

blast n.爆炸；（爆炸引起的）气浪

overnight adj.夜间的；只供一夜的

security check 安检

smash v.打碎

Kenya n.肯尼亚

Kenyan adj.肯尼亚的； n.肯尼亚人

Nairobi n.内罗毕（肯尼亚首都）

Uganda n.乌干达

Kampala n.坎帕拉（乌干达首都）

al-Shabab 索马里激进伊斯兰组织青年党

Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.

3. A) It is likely to close many of its stores.
B) It is known for the quality of its goods.
C) It remains competitive in the recession.
D) It will expand its online retail business.

4. A) Expand its business beyond groceries.
B) Fire 25,000 of its current employees.
C) Cut its DVD publishing business.
D) Sell the business for one pound.

解析:：

3：视听一致

4：视听一致。ABC三个干扰选项并列被读到，都排除，不需要等待问题。

听力原文：

Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.

Woolworths is one of the best known names on the British High Street. It’s been in business nearly a century. （3）Many of its 800 stores are likely to close following the company’s decision to call in administrators after an attempt to （4）sell the business for a token ￡1 failed.

The company has huge debts. The immediate cause for the collapse has been Britain’s slide toward recession, which has cut into consumer spending. However, the business had been in trouble for years.

Known for low-priced general goods, Woolworths has struggled in the face of competition from supermarkets expanding beyond groceries and a new generation of internet retailers. 

Many of the store group’s 25,000 employees are likely to lose their jobs. Some profitable areas such as the DVD publishing business will survive.

3. What do we learn about Woolworths from the news report?
4. What did Woolworths attempt to do recently?

背景介绍：

英国家喻户晓的老牌零售商 Woolworths 濒临倒闭。这家有着99年历史的企业很可能会关闭其下的几百家连锁超市，其上万名员工将会面临失业危机。

生词解析：

recession  n.经济衰退

internet retailers 网络零售商

consumer spending 消费者消费

token adj.象征性的

Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.

5. A) All taxis began to use meters. 
B) All taxis got air conditioning.
C) Advertisements were allowed on taxis.
D) Old taxis were replaced with new cabs.

6. A) A low interest loan scheme. C) Taxi passengers’ complaints.
B) Environmentalists’ protests. D) Permission for car advertising.

7. A) There are no more irregular practices.
B) All new cabs provide air-conditioning.
C) New cabs are all equipped with meters.
D) New legislation protects consumer rights.

解析：

5，考察了同义替换。Old taxis were replaced with new cabs.（旧出租车替换成了新的）= the removal of many of the capital’s old-fashioned black and white taxis.（去除首都许多过时的黑白出租车）

6，视听一致

听力原文：

Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.

Cairo is known for its overcrowded roads, irregular driving practices and shaky old vehicles, but also for its air pollution In recent months, though, environmental studies indicate there have been signs of improvement. That’s due in part to (5)the removal of many of the capital’s old-fashioned black and white taxis.

Most of these dated back to the 1960s and 70s and were in a poor state of repair.

After new legislation demanded their removal from the roads,(6) a low interest loan scheme was set up with three Egyptian banks so drivers could buy new cars. The government pays about $900 for old ones to be discarded and advertising on the new vehicles helps cover repayments.

The idea has proved popular with customers ― they can now travel in air-conditioned comfort and because (7)thenew cabs are metered, they don’t have to argue over fares. Banks and car manufacturers are glad for the extra business in tough economic times. As for the taxi drivers, most are delighted to be behind the wheel of new cars, although there have been a few complaints about switching from black and white to a plain white colour.

5. What change took place in Cairo recently?
6. What helped bring about the change?
7. Why do customers no longer argue with new cab drivers?

背景介绍：

开罗开展老旧出租车报废计划，以此减少污染。银行向司机提供低利息贷款，帮助他们购买新车。顾客和司机从各自的角度都觉得很好。

生词解析：

legislation n.法律

loan scheme 贷款方案

discard v.抛弃

meter v.用仪表计量 n.计量表

fare n.车费

Cairo 开罗（埃及首都）