Hello,boys and girls！我回来啦！Do you miss me?
Today is May.7，距2015年高考还有一个月的时间，加油~~
今天安然老师给大家分享——“分”“解”推理判断题~~
推理判断题不但要求学生要理解具体事实细节，也要理解抽象的含义；既要理解字面意思，又要理解其深层含义，包括作者的态度、观点、意图等，领悟作者的言外的意（即我们所说的 read between lines）。因此，难度较大。
还好，有我，让我们一起“分”“解”吧
“分”析推理判断题类型
1. 推断隐含意义
2. 推断作者观点或态度
3. 推断写作目的
4. 推断文章出处
5. 推断人物的观点、情感、品性
6. 推断读者对象或文章的作者
7. 推断作者的情感
“解”答判断下列问题的类型
第1题What does the author think of her mother’s English now? _______________
第2题This text is most probably taken from a ____________________
第3题The author intends to__________________________
第4题The second paragraph indicates the importance of __________________
第5题How did the author probably feel after he talked with his friend? __________
第6题Rae Armantrout’s colleagues think that she_______________
第7题Who probably wrote the letter? ___________
【答案点拨】
第1题：推断作者观点或态度
第2题：推断文章出处
第3题：推断写作目的
第4题：推断隐含意义
第5题：推断作者的情感
第6题：推断人物的观点、情感、品性
第7题：推断读者对象或文章的作者
“分”析推理判断题的提问形式和标志性词语
1. 推断隐含意义
It can be inferred from the text that________________________.
The story indicates that______________________.
标志性词语：infer, indicate, suggest, imply, conclude...
2. 推断作者观点或态度
What does the author think of __________________?
What's the author's attitude toward_______________________?
In the author's opinion, _________________________.
标志性词语：according to the writer, attitude, think, opinion, consider...
3. 推断写作目的
What is the author's main purpose in this passage?
In the passage the author wants to tell__________________________.
The article is intended to ________________________________________.
标志性词语：purpose, intend to, show, want ...
4. 推断文章出处
Where would this passage most probably appear?
The passage is most likely a part of ______________.
标志性词语：be taken from, appear, a part of, be taken out of ...
5. 推断人物的观点、情感、品性
Sb think that _________________.
What do we know/learn about sb in the text?
How did …feel about…?
标志性词语：attitude, learn form, know from, feel about ...
6. 推断读者对象或文章的作者
Who probably wrote the letter?
Who is the passage written for?
Who are the intended readers of the passage?
标志性词语：the intended reader, writer, author…
7. 推断作者的情感
How does the author feel about_______________?
The writer probably feels that______________________.
标志性词语：feel, feel about...
破“解”推理判断题的命题“微技”
1.正确选项的特点
推理判断题的正确选项往往不是文章直接或明确说明的内容，而是间接表达出来的，除符合文章主旨外，还符合逻辑，让考生有推敲的余地，另外，正确选项大多含义深刻，不是常识选项。有的考生要么仅凭自己的常识或主观想象理解文章中的细节，缺乏文章信息的支持；要么断章取义或片面理解，缺乏思维的严密性，导致无法选出正确选项。
2.干扰选项的特点
干扰项的强弱直接影响试题的难度，推理判断题的干扰项一般具有很强的迷惑性，但如果能破解干扰项设立的种种“伎俩”，问题就会迎韧而解。
下面列举几例加以说明。
①扩大概念：
②以偏概全：
③偷梁换柱：
④张冠李戴
⑤断章取义
⑥曲解原意
⑦添油加醋
⑧颠倒是非
⑨混淆视听
⑩无中生有
“解”题技巧——不同文体之推理判断题
（1）对于记叙文，特别是夹叙夹议的文章，一定要注意文章的最后一段（句）话，这往往是文章的中心，体现作者的写作目的，作者的态度，要阐述的道理，要吸取的教训。
（2）说明文是科普类的文章，高考每年都考。对于这类的文章，我们要通读全文，了解如何解释文章，抓住文章的关键词（句）。这类文章的一般结构是：a.导语（在首段，探讨问题）。b.背景（起因）。c.主题（对导语概念的详细叙述）d.结尾（对中心思想的概括）。
（3）议论文要注意把握文章的结构，抓住作者的观点，还要理清文章中为了说明论点而给出的论据。
（4）应用文要采取跳读、略读等快速阅读法，快速浏览信息，搜索对比。最好要带着问题阅读，多注意细节。抓住所需信息，理解文章内容。
“解析”高考真题
第1题
When I was a teenager, my mother’s broken English embarrassed me. But now, I see it differently. To me, my mother’s English is perfectly clear, perfectly natural. It is my mother tongue. Her language, as I hear it, is vivid, direct, and full of observation and wisdom. It was the language that helped shape the way 1 saw things, expressed ideas, and made sense of the world. [广东卷A篇44]
【题目】What does the author think of her mother’s English now?
【分析题型】________________________
【判断选项】A. It confuses her.
B. It embarrasses her.
C. It helps her understand the world.
D. It helps her tolerate rude people.
【答案点拨】
第1题的题型是推断作者观点或态度。由文章最后一句It was the language…and made sense of the world.可知我现在对母亲的汉语式英语有了新的认识。C选项正确。
技巧点拨：
1) 注意转折词but的意味；
2) 注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子，推断出作者的弦外之音。
第2题
Batteries can power anything from small sensors to large systems. While scientists are finding ways to make them smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves. University of Missouri researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient.
…
Together with J. David Robertson, chemistry professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery. In the future, they hope to increase the battery’s power, shrink its size and try with various other materials. Kwon said that the battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.【2010山东卷D篇75】
【题目】The text is most probably a _________________.
【分析题型】________________________
【判断选项】A. science news report B. book review
C. newspaper ad D. science fiction story
【答案点拨】
第2题的题型是推断文章出处。综合全文可知，这是一篇科技新闻报道。报道了一种超薄的新能源电池的研究近况。由此看出A项正确。
技巧点拨：
这类问题应从文章的内容,结构和体裁来判断其出处。
第3题
Forget Twitter and Facebook, Google and the Kindle. Television is still the most influential medium around. Indeed ,for many of the poorest regions(地区)of the world, it remains the next big thing——finally becomes globally available. And that is a good thing, because the TV revolution is changing lives for the better.
...
Too much TV has been associated with violence, overweight and loneliness. However, TV is having a positive influence on the lives of billions worldwide.
【题目】The author intends to______. [福建卷B篇62]
【分析题型】________________________
【判断选项】
A. stress the advantages of TV to people’s lives
B. persuade women to become more independent
C. encourage people to improve their reading skills
D. introduce the readers some websites such as Google
【答案点拨】
第3题的题型是推断写作目的。文章开始到结束都在强调电视对生活的积极影响，特别是首段中的“And that is a good thing, because the TV revolution is changing lives for the better.”和尾段中的“However, TV is having a positive influence on the lives of billions worldwide.”可看出作者的写作意图，故A项为正确选项。
技巧点拨：
1） 找写作目的，特别注意首段和末段；
2） 注意转折副词however。
第4题
Dress to impress: Stylist and business consultant Daniela Smith says, “Girls should keep in mind that your college professors will often be the bridge that connects you to your future career and your classmates will become your professional network. You don’t need to dress like you’re going to the office, but you should display an ability to properly present yourself with appropriate maturity and confidence, and look put together.”[广州市高三年级调研测试A篇26]
【题目】The second paragraph indicates the importance of ________.
【分析题型】________________________
【判断选项】A. impressing professors
B. getting on well with classmates
C. creating a professional image
D. dressing appropriately
【答案点拨】
第4题的题型是推断隐含意义。文段强调了穿戴要合适，文中提到“but you should display an ability to properly present yourself with appropriate maturity and confidence, and look put together.”故选项D是正确的。
技巧点拨：
1） 全面分析,忠实原文，不要选择表层信息；
2） 注意连词but。
第5题*
But in London, dinner parties are in people's homes. Not only that, the guests are an interesting mix. The last time I went to one, the guests were from France, India, Denmark and Nigeria; it was like a gathering at the United Nations. In New York the mix is less striking. It's like a gathering at Bloomingdale's, a well-known department store.[2010年辽宁卷B篇62]
【题目】What does the author think of the parties in London?
【分析题型】________________________
【判断选项】A. A bit unusual. B. Full of tricks.
C. Less costly. D. More interesting.
【答案点拨】
第5题是推断作者观点态度。上段讲到，在伦敦dinner parties不仅家中举行，而且客人都是来自四面八方有趣的组合。文中讲到“an interesting mix”和“a gathering at the United Nations”也暗示伦敦的派对更好玩，故D选项正确。
第6题**
My mother has long realized the limitations of her English as well. When I was fifteen, she used to have me call people on the phone to pretend I was she. I was forced to ask for information or even to yell at people who had been rode to her. One time 1 had to call her stockbroker (股票经纪人). I said in an adolescent voice that was not very convincing, 'This is Mrs. Tan. '[2010年高考广东卷A篇42]
【题目】From Paragraph 2, we know that the author was _________ .
【分析题型】________________________
【判断选项】 A. good at pretending
B. rode to the stockbroker
C. ready to help her mother
D. unwilling to phone for her mother
【答案点拨】
第6题是推断作者的情感。由第二段I was forced to ask for information…以及One time I had to call…等关键信息可知，作者“我是被迫打听信息，或对她粗鲁的人大喊大叫”“有一次我不得不给她的股票经纪人打电话”中作出推断，作者是不愿意帮母亲打电话，D选项为正确答案。
第7题***
He talked to me because he wants his editors to demand so much more of him. He wants to be pushed, challenged, coached to new heights.
The reporter believes that good stories spring from good questions, but his editors usually ask how long the story will be, when it will be in, where it can play, and what the budget is.
He longs for conversations with an editor who will help him turn his good ideas into great ones. He wants someone to get excited about what he's doing and to help him turn his story idea upside down and inside out, exploring the best ways to report it. He wants to be more valuable for your paper. That's what you want for him, too, isn't it?
...[高考北京卷B篇60]
【题目】What does the writer think of the reporter?
【分析题型】________________________
【判断选项】A. Optimistic. B. Imaginative.
C. Ambitious. D. Proud.
【答案点拨】
第7题是推断作者观点。根据文章内容可知，文中的那位记者想在自己的工作岗位上不断挑战新的高度，由此可知他很有抱负。故C选项正确。
第8题**
Columbus College , 241 Queen Elizabeth Drive ,Kowloon City
To: All Staff
From: Jakie Mok , Secretary;Sports Development Committee
Date: May 20, 2010
A week ago , “Sports for Life” pregramme was sent to the parents, requiring them to select a sport they wanted their child to play. Since then , our staff have received lots of calls from parents asking for more information about it . Here is a memo (备忘录) for your reference when you answer the phones.[2010年高考福建卷D篇71]
【题目】The purpose of the memo is to_____________.
【分析题型】________________________
【判断选项】A.attract students’interest in the programme
B.require the parents to select a sport for their child
C.help the staff explain the programme to the parents
D.remind teachers and lifeguards to be present on time
【答案点拨】
第8题是推断写作意图。文中“Here is a memo for your reference when you answer the phones.”清楚说明了这个备忘录的作用就是为了让工作人员更好地向咨询的家长解释和介绍相关的信息，故C选项正确。
第9题*
One day a man walked a pet shop and said to the shop assistant，“I need two small mice and about five dozen roaches（蟑螂） and two spiders（蜘蛛）.”
“What do you need these things for?” the shop assistant was very surprised.
“Well，”replied the man，“I’m moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.”
【题目】The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the apartment，it was ______.
【分析题型】________________________
【判断选项】
A. very clean B. just cleaned by the landlord
C. tidy and comfortable D. dirty and full of insects
【答案点拨】
第9题是推断文章隐含意义。文中“I need two small mice and about five dozen roaches and two spiders”和“I’m moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.”隐含了作者搬进的公寓，有很多虫子。故D选项正确。
公众号：快乐学英语
搜索号：happily-xue-english
安然心语：我不是英语天才，我只是每天都在学英语
我在这里等你！
