旅游英语

语音讲解

听力18：句子节奏

一．句子节奏

一般来说，名词，动词，形容词，副词等有意义的词要重读；冠词，介词，连词等只起语法作用的词则弱读。如：

It’s broken.

Bring it down.

I bought a book.

当一个句子出现两个以上的重读单词时，需要明确哪个为主重读词。

常规情况下，选择句中最后一个重读词作为主重读词。如：

1.名词在最后

He’s reading a book.

2.动词在最后

Do you like to read?

3.形容词在最后

She is so pretty.

4.副词在最后

You can speak English fluently.

此外，说话人在表达不同的想法时会选择不同的主重读词。如：

My mum hates to cook in the house.

重读：my

重读：mum

重读：hates

重读：cook

重读：house

实际上，在听力和口语中，以上各种情况会综合起来影响句子的节奏。例如：

There was a review in the paper which was positive.

It’s probably about a ten-minute walk to the shops and five minutes to the train station.

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语音讲解

听力18：句子语调

二．句子语调

英语中的语调也比较复杂，有升调(↗)、降调(↙)、升降调(∧)、降升调(∨)以及平调(→)等五种，但我们只要求掌握升调和降调即可。

各类句子的语调

1. 陈述句用降调：

例：Today is my birthday.  

2. 四种疑问句

1)      一般疑问句用升调：

例：—Have you had lunch yet?  —Yes, I have.

2)      特殊疑问句用降调（同时句首的疑问词用重音读出）：

例：When did you change your ticket?

3)      反义疑问句用升调：

例：You are going to the movie with us, aren’t you?

I haven’t caught you at a bad time, have I?

4)      选择疑问句用先升后降调：

例：Which language are you studying? English, Spanish or French? 

3. 祈使句用降调：

例：Leave me alone.

4. 感叹句用降调：

例：What a small world!

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作业：

1.划出以下5句的重读词并朗读各句子。

It’s necessary.

It’s a sunny day.

I didn’t know the way.

They’ll have a party.

They’ve all gone for holiday.

2.练习用正常语调朗读下列7句。

New York is a modern city.

Is the house big enough?

Why do you like this movie so much?

You haven’t finished it, have you?

Do you want water, coffee or tea?

Be careful when you cross the road.

It includes breakfast, and all the rooms have a bathroom so that’s good.