状语从句高考考点

状语从句

状语从句是在复合句中作状语的从句。状语从句是历年高考试题中一个测试热点。一起来复习一下各类状语从句。

一、各类状语从句常见的连接词

时间状语从句：when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as, by the time, no sooner ... than, hardly / scarcely / ... when, every time, the moment，the minute, immediately等。

原因状语从句：because, since, as, for, now that（既然），seeing that（既然）, considering that(照……来看), in that（因为）等。

地点状语从句：where，wherever, anywhere, everywhere等。

目的状语从句：so，so that（为了）, in order that, in case / for fear that（以防，以免），lest（以防）等。

结果状语从句：so that（以致）, so ... that, such ... that等。

条件状语从句：if, unless, so / as long as, on condition that（只要……）, if only (要是……就好了), suppose / supposing（that）(假使……)，provided (that)(如果……的话，只要……)等。

让步状语从句：although, though, as（尽管）, even if /though, whether ... or, no matter + wh- (=whenever, whatever, ...) 等。

方式状语从句：(just) as, as if / though, the way, rather than 等。

比较状语从句：than, (not) so / as ... as, the more ... the more等   。

二、要点提示

1. 在时间和条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表示将来完成时。如：

You’ll feel a lot better about yourself if you work on solutions to your upsetting situations.

You will get paid as soon as you have finished your work.

2. 有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句，如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致，或主语是it，且从句的谓语又包含动词be，那么从句中的“主语 + be”部分可省略。如：

When （you are） eating a whole cooked fish, you should never turn it over to get at the flesh on the other side.

If (it is) necessary, the airship can stay up there for days to keep out of danger.

3. 注意区分不同的从句：大多数的引导词能引导状语从句、定语从句和名词性从句，因此，它们引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据引导词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判断。

4. 使用从属连词引导状语从句时，主句部分的前面不可以再使用并列连词。也就是说，从属连词和并列连词不能同时出现在一个句子中。如：

Because it is an area of outstanding natural beauty, so the number of boats available for hire on the river is limited. (so多余)

5. 由其它词转化来的从属连词（常见的有the moment, each / every time, immediately, the minute 等）也常用来引导状语从句。如：

The moment I closed my eyes, I fell asleep.

Immediately I’ve done it I feel completely disgusted with myself.

三、常用连词的用法

1. when

① when引导时间状语从句时，意为“当……的时候”。从句的动作既可与主句的动作同时发生，也可先后发生。如：

When the family came here from Russia, they were penniless.

I’ll phone you again when I get home.

【考例1】Nancy enjoyed herself so much _____ she visited her friends in Sydney last year. (福建2008)

A. that           B. which     C. when      D. where

② when可以引导条件状语从句，意为“如果；在……情况下”。如：

I’ll start to think about it when I have to write my report.

When mixed with water, the powder forms a smooth paste.

【考例】 There were some chairs left over _____ everyone had sat down.  (四川2008)

A. when         B. until          C. that     D. where

③ when可以用作并列连词，意为“正在那时，突然”，此时所引导的从句只能放在主句之后。如：

She claims she was at a friend’s house when the shooting took place.

【考例】 She had just finished her homework _____ her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. (福建 2009)

A. when        B. while            C. after   D. since

2. while

① while引导时间状语从句时，从句要使用持续性动词（如stay，wait，live等）。如：

The two ministers have to meet, but may do so while they stay in New York.

② while可用作并列连词，连接表示对比的并列分句，意为“而，然而”。如：

Schools in the north tend to be better equipped, while those in the south are relatively poor.

【考例】

—I wonder how much you charge for your services.

—The first two are free _____ the third costs $30. (安徽 2009)

A. while         B. until         C. when         D. before

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