上海外滩

您好！欢迎您来到上海最为著名的景区--外滩。常言说：“到上海来旅游，不到外滩乃是憾事。”外滩，北起外白渡桥，南抵新开河，全长1.8公里，被视为上海的窗口和象征。那您知道为什么叫外滩呢？ 相传，过去上海的地名习惯上以河流为界，上游地段称“里”，下游地段叫“外”。外滩曾分别称为“里黄浦滩”和“外黄浦滩”。那时的外滩是芦苇丛生的荒滩和几条狭窄的羊肠小道，四周是河流纵横的田野，偶尔有几间零星的农舍。据说，过去这里有许多外国人在周末乘着小船，来这里打野鸡烧野味，又因为这里是城外的一块滩田，所以就把这里叫做外滩。但是，在列国侵华的动荡时期，我们上海也沦为了殖民地，后来上海经历了什么，才能成为我们中国东方的一颗明珠呢？我们一起来看一下这段过程！在1843年，英国公使仆鼎查，他代表了让英国政府与清政府，签订了第一个不平等条约《中英南京条约》推选巴富尔担任驻上海的第一任英国领事。巴富尔原来是英国派驻印度马特拉斯的炮兵上尉，后被提升为英国陆军参谋。同年8月1日，巴富尔抵达上海，当天便进城递交照会，照会指的是国际间交往的书信形式，是对外交涉和礼仪往来的一种重要手段。第二天巴富尔就到上海道台见宫慕久，要求租房设立领事馆，随即以每年400元的租金在城西姚家弄，租得姓顾的人家一幢52间房间的大房子，作为住宅和领事馆。11月14日，巴富尔发出通告，宣布领事馆正式成立，11月17日，巴富尔和宫慕久宣布上海开埠，允许英商租地居留。从那之后各式各样的西洋建筑随着外国政客、商人等进入上海。以后租界不断扩张，西洋建筑不断翻新，各种类型的高楼大厦、豪华的花园洋房也渐渐由东向西延伸，至20世纪30年代，上海从太平洋西岸一个海滨小城一跃而成为远东最大的都市。那为什么巴富尔会看中这块外滩呢？想知道答案，那就请您继续往下听吧！ Hello! Welcome to the most well-known scenic site in Shanghai—the Bund. The Bund is 1.8 km long, and is a symbol of Shanghai. The saying goes, 'If you don't visit the Bund when you're in Shanghai, you're missing out.' Listen as I tell you about the history of the Bund. During the turbulent times of foreign invasion in the 19th century, Shanghai became a colony. So how did Shanghai later rise to become China's pearl of the East? Let's see what happened! In 1843, Sir Henry Pottinger represented the British government in signing the unequal Treaty of Nanking with the Qing government, which installed George Balfour as the first Shanghai consul of the UK. On August 1, 1843, Balfour arrived in Shanghai, and was tasked with establishing a consulate. He rented a 52-room mansion 400 yuan a year and the building served as his personal residence and the British consulate. On November 14, Balfour announced the official establishment of the consulate, allowing British businesspeople to rent property and reside in Shanghai. With the influx of foreign politicians and businesspeople, a wide variety of buildings with Western architectural styles appeared in Shanghai. Afterwards, the concessions continued to expand, and were separated into the British, American, and French concessions. The Western architecture along the Bund also continued to develop and evolve, as skyscrapers and luxurious mansions of all shapes and sizes gradually expanded westward. By the 1930s, Shanghai had grown from a small coastal city on the west side of the Pacific Ocean into the largest metropolis in the Far East.