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英语音标表发音规律记忆口诀 - 英语口语
英语音标发音规律记忆口诀
一、尝试用“胸腔辅助送力---—口腔后部发声法”背诵念读26个英文字母,感觉学习标准发音,直到感觉音准,流利,升降调式自如为止。
印刷体:大写 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z  M* P2 M. |6 H# x  x4 T) O" Q
小写 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
手写体倾斜:(注意四线格占格要求)
大写 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z) G3 O" t: M) J; {/ z3 N! H
小写 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
[ ei / bi: /si: /di: / i: /ef /dVi: / eitF / ai / dVei / kei / el
/em /en /Eu /pi://kju: /B: /es /ti: /ju: / vi: /dQblju: /eks /wai
/zi:]
u 先观察以上字母的读音,然后,把含有共同元音因素的字母进行分类:
(1)    [ei] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ]( {'' `7 b, D" h0 L! P% ?'' h  b+ g
(2)    [i:] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[   ] ___[ ] ___[ ]
___[ ] ___[ ]'' o$ M6 Q! `1 z6 Y'' H6 V1 k9 y
(3)    [ai] ___[ ] ___[   ], x4 o/ ]  G; r" g$ K1 A
(4)    [Eu] ___[ ]% s* d) u$ o) a9 z5 V+ K  C
(5)    [u:] ___[ ] ___[   ] ___[         ]$ d( ^. a- Z# i/ q: a4 P7 f3 S+ h1 i
(6)    [e] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ] ___[ ]
(7)    [B:] ___[ ]
二、英语中元音和辅音(母音和子音)的分类表
英语音标(采用口腔后部发声法发音)发音特征
元: J8 ^! V+ Z, {% ]" Y2 {
音*母音 单元音声带振动前元音:[i:/ I:] [e] [A]发音清晰响亮气流通畅
中元音:[Q] [E] [E: / \:]
后元音:[B:] [C:] [C] [u:]
双元音振动[ai] [ei] [Ci] [iE] [ZE/ eE] [uE] [au] [Eu]& `% O% t( s& E6 e
辅% M; O'' ~5 ^- w$ E1 I
音*子音哑辅音不振动[p][t][k]   [f][W][F] [h]
[tF][tr][ts]发音含糊晦涩气流受阻
浊辅音振动[d][g] [v][z][T][V] [r] [dV][dr][dz]% s% d$ ?/ C5 C" S% W- H
[m][n][N]   [l]/[l]   [w][j ]/ l* e( a) l7 ?( L9 b: g
辅音连缀[pr][pl]
[bl][kr][kl][gr][gl][fr][fl][sn][sl][sk][sp][sw][dw][hw][kw][tw]
[Wr]
[pju:][bju:][tju:][dju:][kju:][gju:][fju:][vju:][lju:][mju:][nju:][hju:][zju
三、英语拼音怎么来拼读:(也就是单词的音标怎么读。/与我们汉语拼音很相似)6 ]/ C1 n/ _0 _
(拼读规则:以元音为中心划分音节,按音节来拼读。)7 N" F! r4 G) _3 L
拼读口诀:元音为中心,划分音节、按音节拼读;多音节加重音、多音节一重多轻发音,轻音节怎么轻怎么发音。重开音节读长音,轻/闭音节读短音。例子:he[hi:],  m; b'' C# [6 w'' ]
name [neim], table[`teibl], bicycle[`baisikl], teacher[`ti:tFE],'' X! K0 A3 S* o, f% j" d9 V
red, cap, and, thank, basket, yellow, umbrella,
*****{详细内容见后面第五节(本材料第8页):五、音节划分。。。}
u 小测试:音标拼读练习。
[ai] + [E] →[aiE] [au]+ [E]→ [auE] [h]+ [iE]→ [hiE] [p]+ [ZE]; u5 }  d9 v/ e3 ~9 f
→[pZE] [t]+[Ci] →[tCi]
[ei]+ [tF]→ [eitF] [tF] +[ei]→[tFei] [g]+[Eu]→[gEu] [k]+[au]→[kau]
[sn]+[Eu]→[snEu]$ P* x4 t6 ^% K0 a! s$ m2 C2 k5 C$ V
[pr]+[au]→[prau] [pl]+[ei]→[plei] [gr]+[i:]→[gri:]
[gl]+[u:]→[glu:] [kl]+[B:]→[klB:]
[kl]+[B:]+→[klB:s] [t]+[u:]+[W]→[tu:W]
+[au]+[n]→[braun]& |$ X$ M* d8 _, b# U
[r]+[Q]++[E]→[`rQbE]
+[B:]++[k]++[t]→[`bB:skit] [t]+[i:]+[tF]+[E]→[`ti:tFE]
[Q]+[m]+
+[e]+[l]+[E]→[Qm`brelE] [bai]+[si]+[kl]→[`baisikl]- T4 e1 P) ]* i6 x4 a4 Y% [2 j% `
[brQ]+[TE]→[`brQTE]. f, ^7 X/ `. m2 E+ {
四、英文字母和常见字母组合的发音规则(或一般规律):5 U3 w9 ~7 G! @8 ~$ E
1.  P8 @+ O" ]1 f* i4 o
为什么要掌握字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律?目的只有一个,让我们能够做到------见字读音、音义结合。记住词形、服务拼写。第二步就是要/ C7 j% h! \1 R2 V'' i
反过来,学会语音认字(类似我们的拼音认字),通过多加练习,逐步达到听音写字、音义结合的水平。第三步是形义结合,练习英语汉语意义对应翻译。$ s: e/ S2 ^; t$ x8 l  u2 ]  u8 `* k
例如:
1:假如你知道字母组合ee一般发音是[i:] (规律), 那么,meet这个单词就脱口而出了。
单词(词形): meet 词义:遇见;初次见面/认识;满足迎合;迎接/出迎。
[ __-__-__ ] → [     ] 读音/音标  R4 O3 h0 X/ t6 l; _& ^$ s+ Y
2. 英语26个字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律:(要求熟记于心,脱口而出)0 }" K, N5 y; U. Q( F
总口诀: 元音字母音多变,熟记规则也不难。辅音字母显易单,见面就把音来念。# I, z8 p. f3 f0 d- [: i9 e5 A
字母组合固定音,千锤百炼习语感。遇见生词找规律,划分音节顺口连,
元音字母在中间,辅音字母两边站,字母组合算一个,熟能生巧难亦简。
辅音字母发音小口诀:辅音字母显易单,见面就把音来念。- _1 |# a. U; [9 ]) U
b发, c发[k], ci(y) ce多发; 例词:blue, table, Crisp, class, picture,/ p0 Z/ t. f4 j4 c) [" Q
actor, pencil, bicycle, nice,/ f. S% K, O2 p
d发[d], f [f], g发[g] [dV], [V]少见;    Sandy, dog, red, fly, coffee,, a3 C  K5 Q2 j- c+ u'' {
green, egg, orange, garage
h [h], j发[dV], k / l [k] [l]可分连;      her, here, his, jeep, Japan,
book, look, blue, Klan class+ p- U2 }* D7 [
m [m], n [n][N], p [p] q [k] r 发[r];   meet, am, no, green, thank,0 u1 x) Z# G/ B7 S# G
English, pen, cap, quickly, Crisp,
s 最多和[z], 趋唇[F] [V]也常见; sir, this, sit, is, his, whose, please,
sure[F], usually[V], pleasure: d0 P! |# d, G- Z- ]/ _
x 发音剪头端,[ks]多于[gz]面; six, pencil-box, excuse, exercise; exam,
(后接重读元音)
t 发[t], v 发[v], w 辅音[w]来念; teacher, it, very, voice, river, with,
swim, wash, which, white
最后一个字母z,发好[z]音才算完。zoo, zero, size, puzzle,9 A1 a* c& Y! q3 W* K
辅音字母一见发音表:
bcdfghjklmn, ?  X5 R/ l$ }4 K
[k]cap[d][f][g]egg[h][dV][k][l][m][n]& k! C'' l; T0 ^9 j  r* ?1 d. k
city [dV]   [-l] [N]g/k
tablericebedcoffeeorangehighjeepbook bluemeetnose/ S; Q4 E/ C9 M8 W. }
bluebicycledogflygarbagehelloJapankeepballroompen
[V]garage   table thank
pqrstvwx(y)z( k) K! A8 P+ q( Y" O9 a
[p][k][r]desk[t][v][w][ks][j]yes[z]* W, F% N3 S. n8 B+ ?
[-r][z]easy   [gz][ai]my
pencilquickrose[V]usuallysitvoicewashboxbusyzoo5 B# ?8 R. c* t) k3 _
openquartersorrypleasureteacherinviteswimexamveryzero( R1 u( a8 Q5 p2 ]3 S. }
teacher[F]surelittle   quicklyfreeze8 E) h# T5 G2 R8 H$ m( S. H* ^
常见辅音字母组合的发音口诀: 字母组合固定音,千锤百炼习语感。, A* x7 C- \; a  ?, i
wh发音 [h] 和 [w], th 常发 [W] 和 [T];
ch/tch多发 [tF], 有时发音 [F] 或 [k];
sh [F], ph [f], gh 不发或发 [f](词尾);
ge\dge 多发 [dV], ck 发 [k], kn [n];  }) t7 r+ K$ w3 T
ng 易发 [N] [Ng], qu发音 [kw] 和[k]。# x; L  T9 m$ P8 s: i% p
wr 发卷趋 [r], 双写分节不分音。{ 动词或复数词尾s /es, 多发[z]/ 和[iz]; ts [ts] ds[dz]}: S: t* N5 e: y) @- C8 t9 U'' q
例词:
wh发音 [h] 和 [w],& t1 I8 K* x% e) k/ r4 l& H
wh ---[ ] which, white, what, where, when, why [ ] whose, who,
whole {*whew [hw-]}
th 常发 [W] 和 [T];th --- [ ] this, that, the, they, with [ ] thank,# g4 y  J9 [7 |1 [& I* o7 p
three, tooth, forth, eleventh8 m+ `; O# d; @  K" l) ?
ch/tch多发 [tF], 有时发音 [F] 或 [k];
(t)ch ---[ ] chicken, chair, child, sandwich, catch, watch) E/ X! m  D& i/ d
chase(追赶,追击,追求),/ l'' c5 ?9 I9 k7 z1 j7 v
[ ] ache, headache, chemist   [ ] machine[mE`FEn], chaise [Feiz]
(带篷二轮马车)7 M3 l- f7 L, a% L& h1 v'' _) E
sh [F], ph [f], gh 不发或发 [f](词尾);   sh ---[ ] shoe, ship, sheep," [9 p4 V5 F( A8 v& G
fish, wash, ash( Z) c. ?: d. C/ V$ v! C# K
ph ---[ ] photo, telephone, phrase    gh ---[ ] right, light,
daughter [ ] laugh, cough
ge\dge 多发 [dV], ck 发 [k], kn [n];
(d)ge ---[ ] orange, page, bridge, fridge, porridge(麦片粥,稀饭)
ck ---[ ] black, kick, lock, back/ G7 e# [" i5 z- n7 ~* t
kn ---[ ] knife, know, knock, knee(膝盖), kneel(跪下), knit (编织),9 p. M5 d3 o$ I! A
knob(球形把手, 旋钮),
knack (诀窍), knight(骑士,武士; **《金山游侠》,金山公司出品的游戏修改软件),# _7 {; J2 J'' n4 `'' S9 J* W
ng 易发 [N] [Ng], qu发音 [kw] 和[k]。ng ---[ ] sing, song, long, wing [+ Q, m* N7 s6 z'' c+ Z+ b! z
] English, hungry
qu ---[ ] quick, quite(相当,十分), quiet (安静的,平静的), quarter, require,
[ ] cheque(支票), unique(唯一,独有独特的), technique(技巧),'' k" R5 ]/ _5 e
wr 发卷趋 [r],
wr ---[ ] wrong, write, wrap(包,裹), wrist(手腕), wrest(拧,扭),9 p. G6 |6 n# E7 }
wrestle(摔跤), wring(绞,扭)
双写分节不分音:miss, apple, egg, sorry, yellow, umbrella {双写元音字母:see,
zoo, book}
ts/tes ---[ ] its tail(它的尾巴), two baskets /boats(两个篮子/小船), my coats
/shirts (我的上衣/衬衫), three hats(三顶帽子), five cats(五只猫), many
streets(许多街道), two packets(两个包裹/两包..), some presents/6 @: T& ~2 |: r1 [7 Z0 e3 ]
sweets(一些礼物/糖果), two biscuits (两块饼干), a box of chocolates (一包巧克力糖),
ten minutes (十分钟), two gates (两扇大门), in my pockets (在我的口袋里), two
lights /kites (两个灯 /风筝), two nests (两个鸟巢/窝), two tea-pots (两个茶壶),- q6 H9 t/ B4 l- J
some carrots (一些胡萝卜), What’s this? It’s a pen. sits,
ds/des---[ ] two birds, two hands, English words, their beds, their! J" @- Z* j7 |$ ^; g/ {
heads, two blackboards, goods(商品/货物),
辅音连缀:pr ---[ ] practice, praise, pray, press, price, proud,'' m, H# q- b$ B/ u/ ?+ f
pl---[ ] please, play, plane, plan, place, plain, plenty (丰富, 大量),
pliers (钳子(如老虎钳,手钳,扁嘴钳等),镊子),
plod(沉重地走, 辛勤工作), plop (扑通落下), plum(李子), plug(插头,插上),! V& p3 I5 Y% t( `6 x" Y: |( v
br---[ ] brag(吹牛), brake (闸,刹车), brain, break, bread, breed (使)繁殖,
教养, 抚养), brown, bride(新娘),. s) e8 D" d6 P'' F4 [: I: b) o* C" o'' J
bribe(贿赂, 向…行贿), brush, Q; r  X  W/ _: l
bl---[ ] black, bleed, blind, blouse, blood, blue,
cr-/kr---[ ] crab(螃蟹), cradle(摇篮), cream, crop, cricket([昆]蟋蟀,* r; M8 B! H8 b( ]
[运动]板球) criticize(批评, 责备), cry,, ~. d'' o1 n. \" k8 X
cruel(残忍的), kraut(泡菜), Kremlin (克里姆林宫),
cl-/kl---[ ] class, claim((根据权利)要求得到, 认领, 声称, 主张, 需要) clean, clear,7 T3 _6 a2 {  R  i
clock, close, click(发出滴答
声,单击n.滴答声) , club(俱乐部, 夜总会,), klaxon (高音喇叭/气笛, 电喇叭), Klan (=Ku6 T% i" H2 P% l1 U4 `  Y5 \
Klux Klan)三K党)
gr---[ ] grade, grass, grape, graceful(优雅的,温文尔雅),green, great,
grief(悲痛, 伤心事, 不幸, 忧伤), grin(露
齿笑, 裂口笑), groan(呻吟(着说), gruffly (说话或态度粗暴地, 粗声地, 生硬地)( n3 M'' e$ o3 H( P$ `  F
gl---[ ] glass, glad, gleam (发微光, 使闪烁), glide(滑行,滑翔), globe(地球仪),'' M0 f( f* v- |2 L
glove(手套), glue(胶水/胶合)
fr---[ ] France, French, free, fresh (新鲜的, 无经验的), frequent (频繁的),/ V" T4 {$ J9 W* g) l+ {
friend (朋友), fried, fry, frog (青蛙),
from(自,从),front (前面,前线,阵线), fruit (水果, 果实, 果类, 成果), frustrated
(感到灰心/失败的), D  A'' ~( J1 q! Y'' v
fl---[ ] flat, flag, flame(火焰,热情), flap (拍打, 鼓翼而飞, 飘动), flares
(喇叭裤), flash (闪光, 闪现, 一瞬间), flea1 `( |$ U- _'' Z) U- p
(跳蚤), flee (逃跑, 逃走), fleer (狞笑, 讥笑), flesh (肉,果肉), flinch (畏缩, 退缩,+ R/ ^  D* x& H. K
畏首畏尾), floor (地板,楼层),5 d  q) j; x- {
float (漂浮,浮舟,彩车), flood (洪水, 水灾, 淹没, 涌进,涌出) flour (面粉), flow (流动,8 W; s$ H4 g2 R! G9 ?0 g: s" u+ I
(河水)泛滥, 洋溢), flower
(花) , flu (流感), fly (飞翔,飞行),flub (做得不好, 弄糟), fluent (流利的, 流畅的),0 D. |; W, v'' p$ z* y7 K7 C0 @3 a4 s) q
sl---[ ] slave (奴隶), slander (诽谤), slaughter (屠宰, 残杀, 屠杀), sleep
(睡眠, 睡觉), sleet (下/雨加雪, 下冰雹),
sleeve (袖子), slice (薄片, 切片), slim (苗条的, 纤细的), slip (滑倒, 失足), slogan
(口号, 标语), slow(ly)
(慢的/地), sly/ slily [slaili](狡猾的/地),
sm---[ ] small (小的, 少的), smart (聪明的, 漂亮的, 灵巧地, 时髦地), smarty (=wise; b  m/ R* Q! Y; T7 _'' w8 y& e8 `
guy自作聪明的人), smell; T'' K  V4 _- T. g: P1 m+ V* k
(气味, 臭味, //嗅, 闻到, 散发(...的)气味, 有(...的)气味), smile ((~ at) 微笑), smog
(烟雾), smoke (n.烟, 烟/ k: g1 g4 l* G9 P* ^
尘, 烟幕//v.抽烟, 吸烟vi.冒烟), smuggle (n.走私, 偷带v.走私),+ L  k: Q5 H/ s) k, Z; V
sn---[ ] snow, snake, snack (吃)快餐/小吃)), snail (蜗牛), snap (猛咬),
sneer (冷笑,轻蔑的笑), sneeze (打/ 喷嚏),
snob /snobling (势利的年轻人, 势利小人),
sk---[ ] skate, skating, skirt, ski (=skee滑雪), skim (掠过, 滑过, 浏览),
skin (皮肤, 兽皮, 皮毛), skint (身无分文'' a- ?" H$ S$ Z- T
的, 穷光蛋的), skip (跳, 蹦,跳读), sky-blue (天蓝色的, 淡蓝色, 蔚蓝色)
sp---[ ] space (空间, 间隔, 距离, 空地, 余地), spade (铲, 铁锹), Spain (西班牙),
spare (多余的, 剩下的/分让给),: d/ i; c'' i2 O2 b
spell, speak (说话, 谈话, 发言, 演讲, 说明事实, 表示意见,操(某种语言)), spear ([spiE]矛,
枪), specific ([spi`sifik]特效药, 详细而精确的, 明确的), spice (香料, 调味品,情趣),
spider (蜘蛛), sport(运动,运动会), spume [spju:m](n.泡沫v.(使)起泡沫), spumous
(adj.起泡沫的, 泡沫状的), spur[spE:](n.踢马剌, 剌激物v.鞭策), sputter1 Q4 [, |: d/ G* i- l
[`spQtE](n.vi.vt.说话急快/唾沫飞溅/飞溅出/喷溅声), sputum [spju:tEm](唾液, 痰), spy
(特工, 间谍, 侦探,//秘密侦察),1 e+ W0 n2 H4 a. G& j- Z
st---[ ] stand, stamp (邮票, 跺(脚), 顿(足)), stage (舞台,戏剧,举行), star (星,
恒星, 明星, 名角), start (动身,开始,着手
惊动,惊起,起动,发动), staff (棒, 杖, 杆, 支柱, 全体职员), stadium (露天运动场/体育场),( ^0 M'' _! \. {  [3 D) I9 E. `& e
step, steep(陡峭的),       stick (棍, 棒, 手杖/粘住, 粘贴), stop, student,
stupid (愚蠢的, 麻木的), stupidity (蠢事,糊涂事), stutter (口吃, 结结巴巴的说), style" p& A# D1 g0 k& W
(风格, 时尚, 文体),  |* \" j; r. }& s8 Z. ?
sw---[ ] swab ([swCb]n.拖把, 药签,vt. 拭抹, 擦洗), swag(摇晃, 水潭,垂花饰),8 h6 U& V5 P7 `. ]
swear(宣誓, 发誓), sweat(n/v.(使)出汗),+ t" t" E  v- L'' m" [8 {
sweater(厚运动衫, 毛线衫), sweep(扫, 打扫, 清扫, 席卷, 冲光), sweepup(n.大扫除),+ I) U  Y7 q, {8 D
sweet(甜的, 可受的, 美好的, 芳香的/n. 糖果),swim (swam,swum), swing (swang,
swung,秋千, 摇摆, 摆动), swicky([美]威士忌酒), swig(n/v.痛饮, 大喝特喝(尤指从瓶口喝的)),
swiftly(迅速地, 敏捷地), swindle (sb of…骗走某人的), swob(拖把, 海棉),
swobble(大口地吃), swoon(vi.昏晕, 昏厥惊讶, 酣睡n.狂喜, 陶醉), swoop(n.突然下降,: P+ \" G5 w9 F8 [, M
猛扑vt攫取vi.飞扑, 突然袭击), sword(剑), swot(at../ for../up;
vi.用功读书vt.用功学习n.苦读的人, 辛苦的工作),
dw---[ ] dwarf ([dwC:f]n.矮子, 侏儒v.(使)变矮小), dwell(at../in...居住
停留于;on../upon..细想, 详述),& B  f  V5 C+ k& x& X1 v
tw---[ ] twelve, twelfth, twenty, twentieth, twain ([twein]n.两, 双,9 w6 K7 x# _7 s
二, 一对), twin(s), twig ([twig]n.嫩枝, 小& I% e; I" Y/ s
枝, 末梢), twice([twais]adv.两次, 两倍), twiddle (with…v.玩弄, 旋弄,捻), twill
([twil]n.斜纹织物vt.把...织成斜纹adj.
斜纹织物的), twine ([twain]n.合股线, 细绳, 麻线, 搓v.搓, 织, 编饰, (使)缠绕), 6 [) S'' g1 O) W3 J4 x" T5 j
twinge([twindV]n.一阵一阵痛, 如刺一样痛, 剧痛vt.使一阵一阵痛, 刺痛), twinkle '' [: O6 Y* W3 m5 r'' Y
([5twiNkl]v.闪烁, 闪耀, (使)闪光n.闪烁, 发光, 牛眼), twist([twist]n.一扭, 扭曲,手法, 7 u/ }7 |4 F, k% q4 y
螺旋状vt.拧, 扭曲, 绞, 搓, 捻, 使苦恼, 使转动, vi.扭弯, 扭曲, 缠绕, 扭动, 呈螺旋形),two,
thr---[ ] three, thread(线,细丝, 线索, 思路, 螺纹), threaten(恐吓, 威胁),
threnode (哀歌), thrive(兴旺, 繁荣, 茁壮成长, 旺盛), throw(扔,抛,投,摔,掷,丢), through
(通过,穿过,透过/〔时间〕从…的开始到末了,从头到尾;〔场5 N+ n8 D! p'' D. I( @
所〕到处,全面), throat (咽喉, 喉咙, 嗓音, 窄路), throne (王座, 君主), throstle (=wood 8 s8 f) {9 S+ n+ w0 C
thrush画眉鸟), thruput(吞吐量), thrust(力推, 冲, 插入, 挤进, 刺, 戳),
thrypsis([5Wripsis]粉碎性骨折),2 N  R$ g7 I6 q1 W: H
*****************************************************************
u 提前练一练,看看有何难。小测试:
1). 见字读音: 写出下列单词的音标。* i. z- C* q- y5 C9 g- X/ @: {4 d
class [      ] this [    ] your [    ] you [   ] here [    ] 6 D; d) i; }3 s'' `0 Q( [: }
Sandy [     ] Crisp [      ]
2). 音义结合:写出下列读音所对应的汉语意义。; o  [; M. u: D" H
[klB:s] _______; [hiE] ______; [blu:] ______; [sku:lbAg]
___________; [kQm] ______;+ s* ?# ]6 R) o  m
3). 听音写字:根据音标写单词。% `1 }1 K& K% U2 O3 D
[klB:s] _______; [hiE] ______; [blu:] ______; [sku:lbAg]
___________; [kQm] ______;
[hu:z] ________ [it] ___ [pli:z] ________ [daun] _______ [`ru:lE]
_______ [kQm] ____2 g9 ]$ W/ M4 J0 c
4). 形义结合:英汉互译(即,写出对应的英语或汉语意思)。0 ^& r6 K3 Z! D1 [: P8 ~* I
her -____; thank-_______; 定冠词/ 这个或那个-______; 书-______; rubber : |5 r4 m$ y. g0 O  X6 K" e
-_______;
小姐 -______; 帽子 -_____; Sit down please. ________; Thank you. : S% c3 |( j* Y
_______; Here you are.
_________; Yes, it is. ________; Come here, please. ___________; , a) g3 \# E% p0 x- q; v0 I
字母L的两种读音口诀:音节开头发清音[l -], 音节末尾模糊音[- l],
[l - ] lazy, like, look, long, lubber ([`lQbE] adj.粗笨的, 笨拙的n.傻大个), 1 j% A! `+ Z& J  Y
black, please, clock, color, toilet, holiday, English, Italian,   H6 p* p5 K1 s# Y4 A'' J3 j
nationality, lollipop,
[- l ] girl[E:l], ball [C:l], small, school[u:l], well[el], smell, ( ]1 U9 a6 n* \# R- v( \% D2 \
level[(E)l], smile[ail], hill[il], old[Eul], cold, child[ail], 1 O7 N, l( @  z/ s0 k4 B: y( W
children [il], full [ul], beautiful [ul], apple [pl], people, pupil, / P7 @3 p: ~% J* d( x6 z/ G) N# v
table [bl], impossible, label ((贴)标签), little [tl], bottle, title, # S; e; ^9 U. g- j9 a'' |
middle [dl], cradle(摇篮),bicycle [kl], eagle [gl], pencil [sl], 5 X& M% l$ h* N" @0 \4 u$ e; R
puzzle [-zl], dazzle[5dAzl](眩目,晃眼,耀眼), 4 r$ s/ t7 X% P, Z- e'' W$ c
常见音节尾音总结:[i:l / il / el/ Al / Ql / El / E:l / C:l / Cl / u:l / ul /
ail / eil / Cil / iEl / uEl / aul / Eul / ]2 o+ w4 w* R2 s% P+ z'' z: }
[-pl / -bl / -tl / -dl / -kl / -gl / -fl / -vl / -sl / -zl / ]   d1 _8 q: o* P% ]- w
[-pEl / -bEl / -tEl / -dEl / -kEl / -gEl / -fEl / -vEl / " S) u- p, p3 q( o" m  ^'' D- z
-sEl / -zEl ]
元音字母a e i(y) o u 的发音口诀: 元音字母音多变,熟记规则也不难。
重开音节多长音,[ei][i:][ai][Eu][ju:/u:]来拼;重闭音节/轻音短,[A][e][C][Q][E]8 s/ [" y, q& }
a接r /ss常发[B:/A], 还有[ei][A] [C/C:] [E]。e的发音首数[e],空尾/重[i:]轻[E]。
重开音节i发[ai],重闭/轻音短[E]。o发长音[Eu][C:][u:],短音[Q][C][E] one殊。4 G* X, y; Z6 k& h" V; t* h" z7 n  Z- I
u字多发 [ju:]和[Q],忙碌busy(i)加[u:]。y头发[j]重读[ai],轻音/结尾变来。
ay ,ey, o/uy,多发[ei],[Ci][ai]。r前元音常卷舌,S后弱音须强化。1 p8 n1 {  j, X2 f9 u- [  e6 _
相近发音不规则,省力顺口是关键。相近/强化加弱化,使得元音多变化。, ?! K3 i* t! d0 M( Y
例词:, r0 H'' q'' s9 }4 T7 e
a--- [/ ei / B:/ A/ C:/ C/ E/ i / ] 强化音[ei],弱化音[E]a接r /ss常发[B:/A], ) ~- i; z# t3 }- i'' Z
还有[ei][A] [C/C:] [E]。
name [ei], table [ei], car [B:], park [B:], class [B:], basket
[B:/A], as [A], ass [A], father [B:], afterward(s) [B:/E](然后, 后来),
dollar [E],cap [A], catch [A], grammar [A/E], America [E], asleep, $ w, \1 g  w* w0 W'' u, I. Q% [
alone, afraid, banana [E /B:/E], woman [E], water [C:], watch [C],
what [C], war [C:], orange ,
e--- [/ i:/ e/ i / E/ -*(词尾空音) / ] 强化音[i:],弱化音[E/ i ] 7 A) A'' z  L* d( t, V- X'' J
e的发音首数[e],空尾/重[i:]轻[E]。5 p5 H1 j0 L5 H* p& i. f7 e0 U+ X8 L
he [i:], she [i:], we [i:], me [i:], evening [i:], red [e], 9 y: k+ ]" r/ ~6 [3 d, A
pencil [e], empty [e], desk [e], umbrella [e], French [e], basket / X2 R$ y$ p# o( N% [; \- J6 n
, women , pretty , the [E / i:], children [E], open [E],
hundred [E / i:],
/ -*(词尾空音) /---- whose [z], house , nice , face , white - S0 y! ]. m+ Z- G
[t], name [m], give [v], side [d], wake [k], prize [z], fine [n], : X; s4 h5 x! {0 m" q! y
tube , orange [dV], employee [i:] (职工, 雇员, 店员), apple [pl], table
[bl], little [tl], middle [dl], bicycle [kl], eagle [gl](鹰), 0 x9 N( g  D# r* r; \
i--- [ /ai / i:/ i / E / ] 强化音[ai/i:],弱化音[E/ i] 重开音节发[i:
/ai],重闭/轻音短[E]。8 Q8 P  A7 {6 ]/ ~4 S$ y, ?
right [ai], bicycle [ai], white [ai], police [i:], this , 7 A$ \5 \" Y$ X$ [3 q
which , his ,building , beautiful [E], holiday [E], 2 I# v& r6 f2 L8 Q
o--- [ /Eu/ Q/ C/ C:/u:/ u / E / wQ-] 强化音[Eu/ C:/u:],弱化音[E]+ u  i6 {3 Y2 X- z7 o2 V
o发长音[Eu][C:][u:],短音[Q][C][E] one殊。* P! x  `2 A  y  D  O
no [Eu], cold [Eu], those [Eu], come [Q], some [Q], mother [Q], 6 g/ o/ d2 }! Z9 {; Q* n
brother [Q], son [Q], month [Q], dog [C], not [C], hot [C], sorry
[C], shop [C], locker [C], box [C], orange [C:], whose [u:], who 7 Z2 y" S% v3 k$ L) M8 @
[u:], do [u:], to [u:], two [u:], woman , policeman [E], today
[E], occasion [E](场合, 时机, 机会), aeroplane [E], // one [wQn], once
[wQns], reservoir [`rezEvwB:],   X" n5 l( a; i
u--- [ /ju:/ Q / u / u: /i / ] 强化音[ju:/u:],弱化音u字多发 0 g9 {( a'' T! [" `% [$ a9 B. s
[ju:]和[Q],忙碌busy(i)加[u:]。4 l/ h# y+ R! B* B# t
use [ju:], usually [ju:], tube [ju:], music [ju:], pupil [ju:],
rubber [Q], umbrella [Q], mum [Q], hungry [Q], bus [Q], just [Q],cup
[Q],put , full , pull , ruler [u:],Sue [u:],blue + L( _: g- p- E5 q2 ]* p
[u:],minute , busy
y--- [ /ai / j / i /] 强化音[ai],弱化音   y头发[j]重读[ai],轻音/结尾变来。
your [j], you [j], yes [j], yellow [j], young [j], my [ai], why
[ai], tyre [ai], style [ai], fry [ai], cry [ai], bicycle , baby 7 o5 F5 v3 r( |; }1 z'' r
, ready , hungry , very , thirsty , empty , busy
, body , slowly ,
常见元音字母组合发音口诀: 字母组合固定音,常受影响发音变;千锤百炼习语感。
组合爱发长/双元(音(重读音节));常受影响发音变;为了顺口图方便,近似发音相变换。
另有强化加弱化,多个字母省略念。外来/古语不规则(发音),熟读百遍字腔圆。
a--- ay [ei] day, say, play, way, weekday, birthday, // * |. Q8 W3 K$ a, V9 a
Sunday, Monday, …; L7 I4 N* I  A. G
ar [B:] car, star, farm, are, park, garlic, // [E] dollar, / K. |) M; i1 [; D8 ?3 j4 L
collar, grammar, particular [pE`tikju:lE], - k& k& m5 o& D; B+ M8 }$ F- {& D
al [C:] all, ball, small, hall, walk, chalk, // [B:] half,
[C:l / Al / El ]非组合式的情况:although[C:l], alga [`AlgE](藻类, 海藻), algal
[`AlgEl](adj.海藻的), algebra [Al`dVibrE] (代数学), signal
[lsigEl](信号/发信号, 用信号通知),
au [C:] daughter, fault, audience, cause, August[`C:gEst] (八月),
august [C:`gQst](令人敬畏的, 威严的),
[C] because, [au] kraut(泡菜), [B:] laugh,
air [ZE] air, chair, hair, pair, fair, 7 @6 j( C8 X8 z& w- R
ai [ei] aid, aim, rain, afraid, wait, maid, straight, faith ; U9 b. [6 q8 ?$ a9 R
(信念, 宗教信仰, 忠实,),
aw [C:] draw, law, saw, awful, raw, 2 ?7 ~$ P7 K! y6 `) l# {
e--- ea [i:] teacher, tea, eat, meat, read, clean, heal, [e] bread, - ]! Z( c( S( u! p" |) C: X
breakfast, head, [ei] great, break, steak,
ee [i:] meet, teeth, see, three, green, week, freezing, queen,6 ~7 D+ a, o* L  g, @'' a% V- O  ]
ei [ei] eight, weigh, weight, [i:] receive, ceiling, deceit % m; ?3 J( |) w9 J: M
(n.欺骗, 谎言), deceive(v. 欺骗, 谎言), receipt (收条, 收据, 收到), perceive ( Z: ^% T- Q- S% ?( e  K- O% _! f
(v.察觉感知, 感到), conceit (原义;自负, 幻想),
er [E:] her, herd(兽群, 牧群/放牧), emergency (紧急情况, 紧急突发事件, 非常时刻,),
[E] teacher, sister, brother, farmer, worker, letter, over,
ear [iE] ear, hear, near, year, fear, earwig (偷听者), [ZE] pear,
wear, swear(宣誓, 发誓), 6 g) ^2 N, d+ E1 \
[E:] early, earth, earn, 6 j) _8 ?'' v) S# }+ r. U  F
ere [iE] here, sphere (球体), hemisphere (半球),   [ZE] there, ere
(prep/conj. 前于...; 在...以前),
eir [ZE] their,
eer [iE] beer, deer, cheer(欢呼/喝彩), sneer(冷笑,讥笑), jeer(讥讽嘲弄), $ c/ ^3 g7 N* u, F% o  }" Q$ L( f# F
engineer, ,
ey [ei] they, grey, hey,
ew [ju:] new, few, hew(砍), view(景色, 风景, 观点, 见解), ewe (母羊), 9 S# `6 I" }6 _% R8 Y# |# K& p
i--- ir [E:] girl, sir, thirsty, shirt, skirt, first, thirty,
whirl((使)旋转), stir (轰动, 激起,搅动),, h8 j  z. D1 d
ie [i:] piece, niece(侄女, 甥女), field, thief, believe, belief, . j0 R/ m6 i7 U$ p7 l. B. c8 o, {
achieve(完成, 达到), chief(首领, 领袖, 酋长, 长官//主要的, 首要的, 首席的, 主任的), 1 ^! y7 p+ a* K9 b  g
grief(悲痛, 伤心事, 不幸, 忧伤), relief((痛苦等的)减轻), . k8 a( m- X8 y7 H" L
ire [aiE] tire(轮胎;使劳累), tired(累的,疲劳的), wire(金属丝, 电线),
igh [ai] right, light, fight, might(也许, 或许; 可能), night, knight,
o--- or [C:] or, for, fork, morning, short, torch, more, [E:]
work, worker, [E] actor, doctor, forget, " f% x. u) w8 S9 g, M0 c, q. v
oa [Eu] boat, coat, goat, goal,
oo [u:]school, food, too, room, tooth, spoon, moon, boot, root, - z5 u9 I& M6 o, w; ~0 h
wool, mood(心情, 情绪, 语气, 状态),
book, look, cook, good, football, foot [Q] blood, flood, " |8 d'' x3 v( A) d: C) u
ou [au] house, blouse, trousers, mouse, mouth, south, ouch, out, 4 |( y8 T! ^; K
our, hour, flour, sour, mountain, % u& D) X! J/ N/ n+ z
[Q] young, touch, rough(粗糙的, 粗略的, 大致的, 粗野的), [u:] you, through,
rouge [ru:V](擦口红/胭脂), would, could, should,    [C:] cough,
ow [au] brown, down, how, now, towel, tower, [Eu] yellow, bowl,
show, blow, snow, throw" T4 i  D# |: ?, f5 b
oy/oi [Ci] boy, toy, enjoy, employ, // noise, noisy, toilet,
oil, boil,
our [au] our, flour(面粉)   [C:] your, four, course,
ore [C:] before, more, forehead, foresee,   B4 N% Y: D'' o# A5 o) G4 t
oor [C:/ JE]/ door, floor, moor(荒野;停泊, 系住),
u--- ur [E:] turn, Thursday, hurt, fur, urge, further, urban (城市的,
市内的), suburb, suburbia (郊区居民),
ure picture, future[tFE], // sure[FuE],   //pleasure, 9 ]* B- ]'' }. Y/ D
measure[VE],
ua [JE] usual, usually, February, graduate [`grAdJEt](大学)毕业生, . e! k2 J7 o: P4 }: {9 ]9 @+ h# e'' a
研究生),
非组合发音: graduate [`grAdjJeit] (v. (使)(大学)毕业),   [jJE]January,
uy [ai] buy, guy,
+ @, w9 h% j2 d2 E0 H% @; N. j
五、音节、音节的结构和类型、音节划分、音节重音和拼读:$ k; E2 K5 H4 E; i: n% k
1.         音节就是英文单词字母(或发音)的排列单位,一个单位算一节。连读起来轻重缓急,流利有节奏,便于听说阅读。
2.         音节的结构、类型:口诀:
完全结构头中尾(音头/音中/音尾),元音字母占中央(包含组合),缺头少尾有开闭(音节),e尾/成音/r音节。
开音节/闭音节:以元音或不发音的e结尾的叫开音节,以辅音结尾的是闭音节。
开音节(词) :[以开音节结尾] a, area, tea, by, day, no, boy, buy, grey, ba*by,
ru*ler, rub*ber, fa*ther, the, she, we, he, bee, ta*ble, ap*ple,
name, bi*cy*cle, banana, orange, some, ) J9 E& H  Z1 ]8 z% Q3 a( x* H
闭音节(词):bas*ket, bag, cap, class, miss, cross, rain, ti*red, bed, 8 s0 m, V+ `0 E% Y
red, yes, egg, sit, it, begin(开始), hot, not, boat, boil(沸腾,煮沸,激动),
cup, sun, cut, put, but, mutton(羊肉), meet, woman, : _/ }# o* D# ~5 x4 u# i
r音节:元音字母(a e i o u) + r构成的独立的音节,也可以前后加辅音字母共同构成音节。6 Z+ n/ k  l" V# \& w8 d) B
例如:far(远的), arm, er (嗯~), her, tea*cher, ru*ler, sir, girl, ! d) |6 T9 _1 {. q
stir(轰动, 激起), or, for(为了,对于,因为,适合), short, fur(毛皮), turn, // 4 d* c: X7 k% P  L
ar?ti?cle(文章), or?der (命令, 定购, 定制;次序, 顺序,秩序), ur?gent (急迫的, 紧急的),
ur?ban (城市的, 市内的), . N) {- D! X& o- @7 K( f! ]# K
成音节: 辅音字母(有时跟不发音/弱化音的元音字母) + l, m, n, (常常带有不发音的e)可算作一个音节。: z- B# ]: C& z'' W
例如:la?bel ((贴)标签), pu?pil, pen?cil [sl], ta?ble, bi?cy?cle,
lit?tle [tl], ap?ple [pl], 1 Q5 V! P3 f* m2 u
peo?ple, # ^6 S# w( R1 f5 u% B. T
3.         划分音节口诀:
音节中心看母音,辅音要向两边站。中心之间辅音连,一靠后,二分手;多个中间偏左右,字母组合算一个(音)。多音节尾 -l -m
–n(e),前有辅音成音节。
例子:学会一眼识破音节数目,运用语音规则,做到见字读音。
闭音节:pen [pen], cap [kAp], bas*ket [`bB:skit], green [gri:n], book : z+ H! J/ M'' x8 d2 U4 Y
[buk], and [And], eat [i:t],+ Z* B/ H( h0 }2 g+ \- R! I3 o6 f
开音节:he [hi:], she [Fi:], tea [ti:],my [mai], tea?cher [`ti:tFE],
rea?dy [`redi], Ju?ly [`dVu(:)lai],
ru?ler [`ru:lE], her [hE:],
成音节: ta?ble [`teibl], ap?ple [pl], bot?tle [tl], mid?dle [dl], 5 O, }2 S3 i) E9 s- h
bi?cy?cle [`baisikl], pen?cil [sl],  M9 m& P/ s! V" g$ Q
se?ven [`sevn], e?le?ven [i `lev(E)n],
不发音的e 尾:come [kQm], please [pli:z], whose [hu:z], nice [nais], name 3 E; i: Y8 ~- }. P! _: V$ s5 q
[neim], give [giv],(开音节的外形,多读长音。). N: {. D6 X. n( U6 l2 U  ~
4.
单词重音(重音符号ˊ):双音节和多音节词中常常重读一个音节,其它读轻音。遇到生词,有音标当然省事,但在无音标的情况下,至于哪个音节要重读,由于英语词源、构词、例外情况等诸多因素限制,不可能将每个生词读的完全无误。只能掌握的一般规律:0 F* N2 E* y2 n( {; Q- B/ x0 T( T
重音口诀: / c) T2 V9 D! v6 q
为了顺口有节奏,张口由大变到小(省气力),大口/长音多重读,还要保持身平衡(整个单词发音),特别写法长又多(特别是写法很长的多音节词),倒数第三多琢磨。(一般是)前轻---中重----后又轻。哪儿平顺哪(儿)读重。
一般具体做法是:① 单音节都重读;这类单词很多。例如:meet, and, class, which, house, bread0 E9 Q% J( c3 i; r# r8 k2 i/ Z
② 双音节词 ▲ (发长音或大口音重读, 这类单词很多,例如:`teacher [`ti:tFE], `ruler [`ru:lE],
`basket [`bB:skit], `apple [`Apl], `table [`teibl],tired [`taiEd],
`lazy [`leizi], `open [`EupEn], // `sorry [`sCri], Ju`ly, pre`fer, ) D1 x'' K( L5 ~2 [, c0 B4 M
po`lice, to`day,
▲ (两音平(音长和张口大小接近的)开头重读; 这类单词很多,例如:`rubber, `Sandy, `sandwich, 9 S8 j0 E" e* [
`pencil, `brother, woman, `sister, `ready, `hungry, `very, `busy,
`picture, `listen, `Betty, `empty, `pretty, clever [`klevE], letter 8 h" A'' F; o# V; Z& D
[ `letE],
▲ (带前后缀多词根重读。例如:a`gain, a`loud, a`sleep, be`gin, be`fore, be`side, * e2 U# P2 R  s
be`hind, /`quickly, `friendship, `boyish, `building, 2 t- {, o; F$ u4 z0 S" t0 A
④ 多音节词倒数第三个元音字母(音节)重读。带前后缀多词根重读。
例如:`Italy,(I`talian), A`merican, `beautiful, natio`nality, " W7 m8 z. X% ?'' I( B$ B'' |
`exercise, `chocolate, `newspaper, // suddenly, inter`national, : r( K8 T: {# m. O* G/ _0 y$ \
`championship, `countable, `interesting, mechano`therapy (力学疗法),
③ 合成词保持开头单词的重音:例如:policeman, `pencil-box, `football, `ice-cream, # H0 K# {$ \" M1 J# S- y
`classroom, `schoolboy, `postman, `milkman, `tea-pot,
`Jack-in-the-box, `hide-and-`seek, `snakes-and-`ladders,
u 小测试:给下列单词划分音节, 并拼读出来。(单音节词下划线,多音节词用竖线分割。)
1). yes, here, sorry, yellow, football, brother, woman, sister,
hungry, very, thirsty, busy, tired, picture, quickly, evening,
empty, children, school, funny, actress, policewoman, open, clever, # o6 `8 @- ~- i5 F
heavy, banana, 2). exercise, beautiful, thick, light, small, French, . ?" R: M/ N'' B- b  |; T
: m; Q, b7 e0 i6 X1 j7 O
u / O9 O$ M; e, s
注意:这语音方面的技能需要在下面不断练习,我们可以把教材里的单词多多练习。一有时间就拿起教材进行训练。天长日久,会取得你满意的效果。
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