中考英语冠词语法专题突破

专题三　冠词

一、命题规律和常考考点

冠词是中考必考考点，常在单项填空中设置1分的题目，常考考点均为冠词的常规用法。

考点复习

考点1：冠词的分类

词性	分类	例词
冠词
不定冠词	a，an
定冠词	the

考点2：不定冠词

1．辨析不定冠词a与an

分类	区别	易错警示
a	用在辅音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前	有些单词虽然是以元音字母开头，但发音却是非元音，因此其前用a，如：university，European，one­way，usual，useful，one­leg等
an	用在元音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前	有些单词虽然是以辅音字母开头，但发音却是元音，因此其前用an，如：hour，honest，honor等

2．不定冠词的基本用法

考点3：定冠词

1．定冠词的基本用法

基本用法	例句/常用短语
1	表示数量“一”的概念	There is a football behind the door.
2	泛指一类人或事，相当于a kind of	A plane is a machine that can fly.
3	第一次提到的某人某物前，非特指	There is a b ook on the desk.
4	用于序数词前，表示“又一；再一”	I have read the books twice，but I want to read them a third time.
5	用于固定词组中	have a try，have a look，have a headache，a couple of，a bit，once upon a time，in a hurry，have a walk＝go for a walk，have a good time，have a rest，for a while，take a walk，have a cold，once in a while，in a word
6	有些不可数名词要表示“一种”“一场”“一堆”时，须加不定冠词	a heavy snow，a strong wind，make a fire，have a good time

基本用法	例句/常用短语
1	表示特指的或双方都知道的人或事	The man over there is John's uncle.
2	用在世界上独一无二的名词前	the sun，the moon，the earth
3	用于再次提到的人或事物的名词前	There is an English book on the desk.The book is Li Lei's.
4	用在乐器名词前	play the violin，play the guitar
5	用在姓氏复数形式前，表示一家人或夫妇	the Greens，the Wangs
6	用在形容词最高级、序数词前面	This is the highest building in this city.
7	用在江、河、湖、海及山脉名词前	the Yangtze River，the Himalayas
8	和形容词连用，表示一类人	The old should be looked after well.
9	用在方位名词前	in the east/west/south/north，on the left/right
10	用在固定词组中	in the morning/evening/afternoon，in the daytime，in the end，at the same time，by the way，at the age of，at the beginning of，in the middle of，at the moment，on the other hand

2．不用冠词the的用法

基本用法	例句/常用短语
1	专有名词(国名、城市名、人名、 路名) 前	Beijing University，Jack，China
2	名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词(this，that，those，t hese，my，your，some ) 等词修饰时	I want this book，not that one.

续表

基本用法	例句/常用短语
3	季节、月份、星期、节假日、一日三餐前
in summer ，on Monday，in 1995，on National Day
易 错 警 示
中国的传统节日前一般加“the”，如：the Mid­Autumn Day，the Spring Festival
具体某年的季节前一般加“the”，如：in the summer of 2017
三餐前若有形容词修饰时，可以用冠词，如：have a nice breakfast
4	物质名词、抽象名词前	Electricity is a form of energy.(物质名词) Music can bring people pleasure.(抽象名词)
5	球类、棋类、学科、语言名词前	He likes playing football/chess.
6	与by连用表示交通工具的名词前	by train，by air，by land
7	三餐饭前	have breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner
8	表示泛指的复数名词前	Horses are useful animals.
9	用在固定词组中	at home，watch TV，listen to music，on foot，in bed，in hospital，at first，in trouble，in public，by bus，at noon，at night，on time，in fact ，go to bed ，after school，by hand

3.有无定冠词短语的区别

无the的短语	有the的短语
go to school去上学	go to the school到学校去
in front of…在……(外部的) 前面	in the front of 在……(内部的) 前面
be in hospital因病住院	be in the hospital在医院里
in class上课	in the class在班级里
by sea乘船	by the sea在大海旁
sit at table吃饭	sit at the table坐在桌旁
in future今后	in the future将来
take place 发生	take the place of代替

考点真题检测

(　A　)1.(2017曲靖中考) Last summer I went to see________Terracotta Army in Xi'an.It was

fantastic.

A．the　　　B．an　　　C．a　　　D．/

(　B　)2.(2017黄石中考) On________ Children's Day，Jack received a prize for being________ honest boy.

A．the；an B．/；an

C．/；a D．the；a

(　A　)3.(2017青岛中考) Look! There is________bottle on the table.

A．a B．an C．the D．/

(　C　)4.(2017上海中考) Christine is selling her house，but on________ other hand s

he doesn't want to move.

A．a B．an C．the D．/

(　D　)5.(2017南充中考) —Who's________boy under the tree?

—Bill.He's________ active boy.

A．a；an B．a；the

C．the；a D．the；an

(　A　)6.(2017重庆A卷中考)Th

ere is_______tall man in front of the zoo gate.

A．a B．an C．the D．/

(　A　)7.(2017重庆B卷中考)The boys often play________basketball after school.

A．/ B．a C．an D．the

(　B　)8.(2017泰安中考)—Do you know________ girl with long curly hair?

—Yes，she is Mary.She plays________ tennis very well.

A．a；/ B．the；/

C．the；the D．a；the

(　C　)9.(2017长春中考)I play________guitar in my spare time.It makes my life more colorful.

A．a B．an C．the D．/

(　C　)10.(2017南通中考)Jack is________eight­year­old boy and he goes to school on________foot every day.

A．an；the B．a；/

C．an；/ D．a；the