雅思阅读第007套P2-Recent research
READING PASSAGE 2
You should spend about 20minutes on Questions 13-25, which are based on Reading Passage 2below.
Recent research
A. Recent research in Hong Kongindicates that staying in bed after a long week at school is just what childrenneed to avoid becoming obese, The research, which focused on children aged fiveto fifteen, discovered that those who slept late on Saturdays and Sundaysdecreased the probability of having weight problems as they grew up. Publishedin the journal Paediatrics, the findings add to previous research thatindicated a connection between regular sleep deprivation and obesity.
B. The scientists involved believe theweekend lie-in is vital for school-age children to catch up on the sleep theylose during a busy week at school. This catch up sleep helps the children toregulate calorie consumption by cutting down on eating snacks during wakinghours, Scientists and others in the medical fields have long known that a lackof sleep and irregular sleep patterns causes obesity as this combinationaffects the body’s natural metabolism and tends to also encourage snacking toreduce the feeling of tiredness. However, this is thought to be the first timeresearchers have found sleeping in at weekends to be a key factor in helping'reset’ children’s sleeping patterns.
C. Since the 1980s, obesity rates amongchildren in the UK and in the United States have been on the rise and medicaland childcare experts fear a diabetes and heart disease epidemic is developing.Although estimates for obesity rates have recently been lowered, currentexpectations are that close to one in three boys aged from two to eleven arelikely to be overweight or obese by the year 2020. The prediction for girls isslightly over one in four, a much lower prediction than ten years ago whenforecasts were that almost half would be overweight.
D. The relationship between sleepdeficiency and obesity has been drawing much attention in the past severalyears with studies showing that sleeping just a few hours a night can seriouslydisturb the body’s natural metabolism, leading to an increase in overallcalorie intake and a much greater danger of weight-related illnesses. Yun KwokWing of Hong Kong University and other experts investigated the possibilitythat catching up on sleep at the weekends would help youngsters to overcomesuch disruption of the bodies metabolism. They questioned the parents of over5,000 schoolchildren and accumulated data on diet, lifestyle, weight andsleeping habits. During school time, the average amount of sleep was a littleover nine hours on average. However, a surprising number of kids slept wellunder eight hours a night.
E. What the researchers found mostinteresting was that those children who managed to catch up on missed sleep onthe weekend actually remained relatively slim while those who did not had ahigher probability of putting on weight (as measured by body mass index, orBMI). A report the researches published revealed: “Overweight and obesechildren tended to wake up earlier and had shorter sleep durations throughoutweekdays, weekends and holidays than their normal-weight peers. Our studysuggests sleeping longer on weekends or holidays could lower the risk of beingoverweight or obese.”
F. The study authors mentioned thatreduced sleep duration has become a hallmark of modern society, with peoplegenerally sleeping one to two hours less than a few decades ago and childrenwere no exception to this. However, the researchers were not quite sure why obeseand overweight children were less likely to sleep late on weekends, butindicated that they tended to spend more time doing their homework and watchingtelevision than their normal- weight peers. Still, the researchers urgedcaution in the interpretation of their findings, acknowledging that “anirregular sleep-wake schedule and insufficient sleep among school-aged childrenand adolescents has been documented with a variety of serious repercussions,including increased daytime sleepiness, academic difficulties, and mood andbehavioral problems.”
G. The precise nature of the linkbetween short sleep duration and obesity remains unclear, said Mary A. Jackson,Professor of Psychiatry and Human Behavior at Brown University’s Alpert MedicalSchool in Providence, and Director of Chronobiology at Bradley Hospital in EastProvidence. “Evidence has shown that there are changes in satiety and in levelsof the hunger hormones leptin and ghrelin,” Jackson said. “But there’s alsoevidence that kids who are not getting enough sleep get less physical activity,perhaps simply because they’re too tired. It’s just not cut-and-dried.” Thefindings could be of help in slowing down the ongoing increase in childhoodobesity, but for the time being, parents should be observant of theirchildren’s wake-sleep cycles, and take steps to ensure they are getting enoughsleep, the researchers advised. Perhaps this is a reminder to us all thatdespite school, homework, extracurricular activities, and family time, sleepstill needs to be a priority in a child’s life.
SECTION 2: QUESTIONS 13-25
Questions 13-15
Choose THREE letters A-G.
Write your answers inboxes 13-15 on your answer sheet.
NB Your answers may be given inany order.
Which THREE ofthe following statements are true of the research in Hong Kong?
AResearchers discovered thatoverweight children tend to sleep more.
BThe researchers believe theweekend lie-in is very important for busy children.
CThe findings show thatoverweight children tend to wake up earlier and sleep less.
DObesity in children may betriggered by a fluctuation in sleep patterns.
EThe researchers do not know thereasons why obese children are less likely to sleep late on weekends.
FThe researchers interviewed thechildren’s teachers to gain information.
GAll children investigated sleptmore than eight hours a day.
Questions 16-21
Reading Passage 2 has sevenparagraphs A-G.
Which paragraph contains thefollowing information?
Write the correct letter A-G inboxes 16-21.
16 ________________ Predictions on rates of obesityin children.
17 ________________ An outline of the most notableresearch finding.
18 ________________ Ideas on why overweight childrendon’t sleep in on weekends.
19 ________________ How sleeping in on weekends canhelp a child keep slim.
20 ________________ A study looking into sleepdeprivation and the affect on body metabolism.
21 ________________ Advice for parents concernedabout their children becoming overweight.
Questions 22-25
Complete the summary with thelist of words A-L below.
Write the correct letter A-L inboxes 22-25 on your answer sheet.
A
recent
B
past
C
lost
D
gain
E
put
F
difficulty
G
inconclusive
H
reveal
I
remain
J
future
K
immediate
L
poor
The main findings of the research showed that children who were able to catch up on 22 ____________ sleep stayed fairly slim whereas children who did not were much more likely to 23 ____________ weight.
The researchers mentioned that in 24 ____________ times a reduction in sleep time has become common with most people sleeping an hour or two less than in the past. However, the reasons why overweight children tended to sleep less on weekends than their slimmer peers 25 ____________ a mystery.
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