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南京师范大学蔡祖聪教授团队分析了农田中不同状态的洋桔梗（Eustoma grandiflorum）的根际土壤微生物群落的差异，相关结果发表于Biology and Fertility of Soils。
来源：农业环境科学公号（2019年3月15日）
Abstract
The microbial community in the rhizosphere soil highly affects plant health and vice versa. However, the differences in soil microbial communities associated with different pathogenic statuses in the same field and their causes have not been comprehensively investigated. Here, we deciphered the dissimilarities in the rhizosphere soils of lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) with different pathogenic statuses in a field under uniform management strategies at multiple scales. The rhizosphere soils of diseased plants harbored higher bacterial abundances and diversities compared to that of healthy plants. The relative abundances of three keystone operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and cumulative relative abundance of members in the central module (the largest module) of microbial network significantly decreased by 51.1%, 49.4%, 47.6%, and 42.0% in the rhizosphere soil of infected plants and by 64.3%, 58.8%, 63.4%, and 61.8% in that of dying plants, while the relative abundances of Flavobacteriales, Sphingobacteriales, and Xanthomonadales significantly increased to 4.89-, 1.88-, and 1.44-fold in the rhizosphere soil of infected plants and to 2.89-, 1.55-, and 1.66-fold in that of dying plants, respectively compared with that of healthy plants. Some human disease-related pathways and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis were more prevalent in the rhizosphere soils of diseased plants. Stochastic processes contributed more than 50.6% and 86.4% to the assembly of different bacterial and fungal communities in these soils, and plants further shaped the bacterial communities, compared to fungal communities, probably by actively recruiting some potential suppressive agents in their rhizosphere when attacked by the pathogen. Overall, here, we firstly reported that the keystone taxa and members in the central module were enriched in the rhizosphere soil of healthy plants, which might be a potential indicator for the soil supporting plant health.
根际土壤中的微生物群落高度影响植物健康，反之亦然。然而，与同一区域不同致病状态相关的土壤微生物群落差异及其原因尚未得到全面研究。本研究分析了不同尺度下，管理措施相同的农田中不同状态的洋桔梗（Eustoma grandiflorum）的根际土壤微生物群落的差异。与健康植物相比，患病植物的根际土壤具有更高的微生物丰度和多样性。与健康植物相比，患病植物根际土壤微生物中的三个关键种的可操作分类单位（OTUs）的相对丰度显著下降了51.1％、49.4％、47.6％，微生物网络的中心模块（最大模块）和累积相对丰度显著下降了42.0％，对应地，死亡植物分别为64.3％、58.8％、63.4％和61.8％。患病植物根际土壤中Flavobacteriales、Sphingobacteriales和 Xanthomonadales的相对丰度显著增加到4.89倍、1.88倍和1.44倍，死亡植物分别为2.89倍、1.55倍和1.66倍。一些与人类疾病相关的过程和荧光素二乙酸酯的水解在感染植物的根际土壤中更加普遍存在。随机过程对这些土壤中不同细菌和真菌群落的组成的贡献超过50.6％和86.4％，并且与真菌群落相比，细菌群落更受植物的影响，可能是因为当植物受到病原体攻击时，其根际会主动吸收一些潜在的抑制剂。综上所述，健康植物根际土壤的中心模块含有丰富的微生物关键种类群和物种，这可能是评判植物赖以生长的健康土壤的一个潜在指标。
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