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王尔德:我们都生活在阴沟里,但仍有人仰望星空。


王尔德(OscarWilde,1854-1900)何许人也?诗人、小说家,剧作家、批评家,唯美主义代表人物。而且是有史以来敢于承认自己是天才的天才之一。他在进纽约海关时对海关官员说:

“除了天才之外,我没有什么可申报的。”
“I have nothing to declare except my genius.”

在他短短46年的传奇人生里,王尔德留下了无数惊世骇俗又逼格甚高的妙句,其中不少是他作品中人物的话。如果他活在今天,就算他没有写过那些才华横溢的童话、小说和剧本,光靠每天发发微博,也一定能成为千万粉丝的大V和最有逼格的自媒体。以他的毒舌和反鸡汤的功力,干掉十个陆琪级的鸡汤导师,应该不成问题。


有人说毒舌分两种,有些人毒舌是因为自己不爽,还有些人毒舌是为了让自己爽。张爱玲是第一种人,而王尔德就是第二种人。


对于自己、对于人生、对于理想、对于女人、对于爱情……他都妙语连珠,毫不留情地犀利点破真相,这除了源于他天生的才华之外还与他波折的人生经历有关……

王尔德是19世纪美学运动的主力和颓废派运动的先驱。他对英国社会的市侩哲学和虚伪道德深恶痛绝,他要用艺术的来同鄙俗现实中的相对抗。

王尔德认为美高于一切,艺术高于生活,艺术的美与价值不存在于生活与自然之中,艺术应该超脱人生。

尽管王尔德的悲剧童话作品不论故事背后暗藏的是同性还是异性的情愫,他所用的语言词藻对情爱的修饰近乎一种浮华的美,但这种美对于世俗之爱的爱情最终的幻灭与消逝无济于事,能够达成完满的唯有博爱的基督和至上的艺术。正如王尔德自己所言“艺术的目的不是简单的真实,而是复杂的美。


生不逢时,因为不被当时社会所容忍的爱情(王尔德是一名同性恋者),他身陷牢狱,被爱人背叛,被世人所不齿。任性的道年轻爱人甚至曾对王尔德说过:“如果你不再是那个高高在上的王尔德,那一切都不再有趣。”


在悲情而传奇的46年之后,风流传奇的奥斯卡·王尔德化为一座别致的墓碑,在巴黎的墓地,按照他在诗集《斯芬克斯》中的意象,雕刻成了一座小小的狮身人面像。


(王尔德的墓碑)

在同性恋不再被视为异端、被普遍接受的20世纪末,在遭到毁誉近一个世纪以后,英国终于给了王尔德树立雕像的荣誉。1998年11月30日,由麦姬·汉姆林雕塑的王尔德雕像在伦敦特拉法尔加广场附近的阿德莱德街揭幕。雕像标题为“与奥斯卡·王尔德的对话”,同时刻有王尔德常被引用的语录:“我们都在阴沟里,但仍有人仰望星空。”(We are all in the gutter,but some of us arelooking at the stars.)


(“与奥斯卡·王尔德的对话”雕塑)

他在美和智慧的怀抱里孤独地死去,但前赴后继的人们为他献上鲜艳的红唇,献上对至真至纯至美的敬畏和追寻。


时间会给出一切答案,后世看来,王尔德无论是他的个性或者作品都是充满魅力并且不朽的。

“除了天才之外,我没有什么可申报的。”王尔德到底是不是说过这句话如今已很难考证。但即便是伪造,这句话也完全符合王尔德的身份、性格和气质,因为王尔德就是这么一个恃才傲物又舌灿如莲花的毒舌天才。


下面请欣赏一位古典时期段子手,英伦毒舌第一人王尔德先生的妙语连珠。

关于
傲娇

我简直太聪明了,有时连我自己都不知道自己在说什么。

I am so clever that sometimes I don’tunderstand a single word of what I’m saying.

每次人们赞同我的时候,我都觉得自己一定错了。

Whenever people agree with me I always feelI must be wrong.

我整个早上都在校对自己的一首诗,我去掉了一个逗号。下午我又把它加了上去。

I was working on the proof of one of my poemsall morning, and took out a comma. In the afternoon I put it backagain.

我喜欢人甚于原则,此外我还喜欢没原则的人甚于世界上的一切。

I like persons better than principles, andI like persons with no principles better than anything else in the world.

我不想生存;我想生活。

I don’t want to earn my living; I want tolive.


我不想去天堂,我的朋友都不在那里。”

I don't want to go to heaven. None of myfriends are there.


除了诱惑,我可以抵抗任何东西。
I can resist anything but temptation.


我喜欢有未来的男人和有过去的女人。

I like men who have a future and women whohave a past.


当我年轻时,我以为金钱是人生中最重要的东西。现在我老了,我发现果真如此。

When I was young I used to think that moneywas the most important thing in life. Now that I am old, I know itis.

请转告我对这家饭店厨师的赞誉,
这是全世界最糟糕的三明治了,
还有,我点的是豆瓣菜三明治,我并不是要面包片中夹一块菜田。

Tell the cook of this restaurant with mycompliments that these are the very worst sandwiches in the whole world,and that when I ask for a watercress sandwich I do not mean a loaf with afield in the middle of it.

声望是我从未经受的侮辱之一。

Popularity is the one insult I have neversuffered.

关于
鸡汤

爱自己就是开始一场延续一生的罗曼史。

To love oneself is the beginning of alifelong romance.

我们都生活在阴沟里,但仍有人仰望星空。

We are all in the gutter, but some of usare looking at the stars.


梦想家只能在月光下找到自己的路,他的惩罚是第一个看见黎明。

A dreamer is one who can only find his wayby moonlight, and his punishment is that he sees the dawn before the restof the world.

我想所有迷人的人都是被宠爱着的,这是他们魅力来源的秘密。
All charming people, I fancy, are spoiled. It is the secret of their attraction.

关于
真相

只有无聊的人才会把早餐吃出花样来。

Only dull people are brilliant at breakfast.

只有浅薄的人才了解自己。

Only the shallow know themselves.

摆脱诱惑的唯一方法就是服从它。

The only way to get rid of a temptation isto yield to it.


糟糕的画家总是欣赏彼此的作品。

Bad artists always admire each other'swork.

努力不过是无事可做的人的避难所。

Hard work is simply the refuge of peoplewho have nothing to do.

一个优秀的人没有敌人,但他的朋友也没有一个喜欢他。

An excellent man; he has no enemies; andnone of his friends like him.

借钱就要向悲观主义者借,因为他们不会期待你还钱。

Always borrow money from a pessimist. Hewon't expect it back.

生活从来不是公平的……而且,或许对我们大多数人来说,这是件好事。

Life is never fair...And perhaps it is agood thing for most of us that it is not.

生活是世上最罕见的事情,大多数人只是存在,仅此而已。

To live is the rarest thing in the world.Most people exist, that is all.

一个人总是可以善待他毫不在意的人。

One can always be kind to people one caresnothing about.

美丽要比善良好,善良要比难看强。

It is better to be beautiful than to begood, but it is better to be good than to be ugly.

时装丑陋得完全令人无法容忍,以至于我们必须每6个月就改变它的样式。

Fashion is a form of ugliness sointolerable that we have to alter it every six months.

争论者损失的只是智商。

It is only the intellectually lost who everargue.


报纸和文学的区别是,报纸没法读,而文学则没人读。

The difference between journalism and literatureis that journalism is unreadable and literature is not read.

演出相当成功,但观众则是一场灾难。

The play was a great success, but theaudience was a disaster.

所有糟糕的诗歌都源于真情实感。

All bad poetry springs from genuinefeeling.

心是用来碎的。

The heart was made to be broken.

世界上只有一件事比被人议论更糟糕,那就是没人议论你。
The only thing worse than being talked about is not being talked about.

任何人都能对朋友的不幸感到同情,但要消受一个春风得意的朋友,则需要非常优良的天性。
Anybody can sympathise with the sufferings of a friend, but it requires a veryfine nature to sympathise with a friend's success.

关于
人生

每个圣人都有过去,每个罪人都有未来。
Every saint has a past and every sinner has a future.

我喜欢看戏。与人生相比,戏剧更加真实。
I love acting. It is so much more real than life.

不满是个人或民族迈向进步的第一步。

Discontent is the first step in theprogress of a man or a nation.


年轻人想要有信仰,但他们却没有;老年人不想要有信仰,但却办不到。

Young men want to be faithful, and are not;old men want to be faithless, and cannot.

没有人富有到可以赎回自己的过去。

No man is rich enough to buy back his ownpast.


当天神想要惩罚我们,他们就答应我们的祈祷。

When the gods wish to punish us, theyanswer our prayers.

我想,上帝在创造人类时高估了他的能力。

I think that God, in creating Man, somewhatoverestimated his ability.

教育是一件可敬的事,但要时刻牢记,没有什么值得知道的事是教得会的。

Education is an admirable thing, but it iswell to remember from time to time that nothing that is worth knowing canbe taught.

经验是一个人给自己所犯的错误取的名字。

Experience is the name every one gives totheir mistakes.

世界上只有两种悲剧,一种是一个人没有得到他想要的,另一种是他得到了。

In this world there are only two tragedies.One is not getting what one wants, and the other is getting it.

对于忠告,你所能做的,就是把它奉送给别人,忠告从来就不是给自己准备的。
The only thing to do with good advice is to pass it on. It is never of anyuse to oneself.


关于
女人

恭维话从来没有让女人缴械,但可以让男人缴械。这就是性别差异。

Women are never disarmed by compliments.Men always are. That is the difference between the sexes.


女人在世上的日子要比男人好过得多。她们有太多禁忌。

Women have a much better time than men in thisworld. There are far more things forbidden to them.

女人代表着物质战胜了理智,正如男人代表着理智战胜了道德。

Women represent the triumph of matter overmind, just as men represent the triumph of mind over morals.


所有女人都会变得像她们的母亲一样,这是女人的悲剧。
All women become like their mothers. That is their tragedy.


女人如何能期望会从男人那里获得幸福,如果他坚持把她当作一个完全正常的人。
How can a woman be expected to be happy with a man who insists on treatingher as if she were a perfectly normal human being.


一个人决不能相信说出自己真实年龄的女人。如果她把这都说出来了,那她什么都会说。
One should never trust a woman who tells her real age. If she tells that,she'll tell anything.

男人的脸是自传,女人的脸是小说。
A man’s face is his autobiography. A woman’s face is her work of fiction.

如果一个女人不能把自己的错误变得迷人,那她就只是一个雌性动物。
If a woman can't make her mistakes charming, she is only a female.'

女人是用来被爱的,不是用来理解的。
Women are meant to be loved, not to be understood.


关于
婚姻


人生就是一件蠢事追着另一件蠢事而来,而爱情则是两个蠢东西追来追去。

Life is one fool thing after anotherwhereas love is two fool things after each other.


离婚的主要原因是什么?结婚。
What is the chief cause of divorce? Marriage.


结婚是想象战胜了理智,再婚是希望战胜了经验。
Marriage is the triumph of imagination over intelligence. Second marriage isthe triumph of hope over experience.

已婚男人的快乐来自那些他没有娶的人。
The happiness of a married man depends on the people he has not married.

情感的好处就是让我们误入歧途。
The advantage of the emotions is that they lead us astray.



—the end—

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