1 现在进行时
表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作，常与 now,listen,look 等词连用，结构是主
语 +be 动词(am, is, are)+动词 ing.
如：It is raining now.
外面正在下雨
It is six o’clock now.
现在 6 点了
My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.
我父母正在客厅看报纸
Look! The children are having a running race now.
看！孩子们正在赛跑
问句将 be 动词移前，否定句在 be 动词后+not.
2 一般现在时
表示经常反复发生的事情或动作，常与 often, usually, sometimes, always,
every day(week year…) on Sundays 等词连用。
结构是主语 + 动词原形；当主语为第三人称单数即 he,she, it, Tom, my mother,
the boy 等词时，动词后加 s 或 es.
如：We have an English lesson every day.
我们每天都要上英语课
Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.
男孩比女孩跑的快吗？是的
问句借助于 do, does 否定句借助于 don’t, doesn’t，后面动词一定要还原。
3 一般过去时
表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态，常与 just now; a moment ago; … ago;
yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning 等词连
用。
结构是主语+be 动词的过去式（was; were）或主语+动词的过去式。
注意：be 动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。
如：My earphones were on the ground just now.
我的耳机刚刚还在呢。
Where were you last week? I was at a camp.
你上个星期去哪了？我去野营了
What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm 你
昨天去干嘛了？我去参观农场了。
问句有 be 动词将 be 动词移前，没有 be 动词借助于 did，后面动词还原；否
定句有 be 动词在后面加 not，没有借助于 didn't 后面动词还原。
4 一般将来时
表 示 将 要 打 算 发 生 的 事 情 或 动 作 ， 常 与 tomorrow, next week(year;
Tuesday…), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;…)today 等词连用。结
构是主语+be(am, is, are) going to + 动原或主语+will +动原。
如：What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic. 你
明天要去干嘛？我要去野餐。
The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week.
孩子们下个星期将参加运动会。
Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.
Tom 今晚将和父母去看演出。
问句将 be 动词或 will 移前；否定句在 be 动词或 will 后加 not.
5 情态动词
can; can’t; should; shouldn’t; must; may 后一定加动词原形。
如：The girl can’t swim, but she can skate.
女孩不会游泳，但是会滑冰
Don’t talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully.
不要再课上说话，你应该认真听老师讲。
6 祈使句
肯定祈使句以动词原形开头；否定祈使句以 don’t 加动词原形开头。
如：Open the box for me ,please.
请为我打开盒子。
Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.
刘涛，明天请早点起床！
Don’t walk on the grass!
不要在草地上走！
Helen! Don’t climb
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