今天,我们要看看英语里最常用的连词。除了大家熟悉的because、so、although、but,不同的情况下多储备一些表达绝对会帮你提升英语流利度和沟通质量!而且,你知道吗?英语里用了because,就不要用so;用了although,就不能用but。和中文完全相反!
连词的学问
Conjunctions: 连词
But there are many other expressions to vary your speech and use in different settings: 但是在不同的场合中需要用到不同的词。
We'll cover conjunctions you can use in informal and formal situations, in speaking as well as in writing: 我们今天会教大家在非正式、正式场合、在口语和书写中分别用哪些连词最恰当。
各种“因为”
Because: 因为
虽然这个词很简单,但用法上大家一定要注意2个重点!
1)用了because,不要用so!
有没有很惊讶呢?虽然它不是语法上的硬伤,但是英语逻辑上认为because已能清楚表明因果关系,再加so是多余的。
Don't use 'so.' It's redundant: 不要用so,是多余的。
2)虽然你可能学过because不能用来开始一个句子,但其实是可以的!
关键是这个句子必须是完整有因果关系的句子,就像下面的例句,不能是Because I was sick这样只有原因,没有结果的句子。
I didn't go to work today because I was sick: 我今天没去上班,因为病了。
Because I was sick, I didn't go to work today: 因为我病了,所以今天没去上班。
Since: 因为、由于
比because稍微正式一些,(有点像“因为”和“由于”的区别)。它可以用在正式的发言或书写里,但口语里还是可以用,不会奇怪。它可以用在句子的开头,或者一半,逗号后的位置。
Since I was sick today, I didn't go to work: 因为今天病了,所以我没去上班。
We need to cut costs since our revenue is lower than expected: 由于营业额低于预期,所以我们要缩减开支。
As: 由于、鉴于
比because和since都更正式,但口语中也可以用。跟since一样,它可以用在句子的开头,或者一半,逗号后的位置。
I missed your call as I was busy cooking: 我忙着做饭,所以没听到你的电话。
As climate change is a global issue, countries around the world need to work together: 由于气候变化是全球性问题,不同的国家需要携手合作。
更正式的“因为”
这些都非常适合在正式书写中使用,大家也经常会在新闻报道、正式的报告、学术书写中看到这些词:
Due to: 由于、归咎于
Due to the rising cost of living in America, many young people are moving out of big cities: 由于美国的生活成本不断升高,很多年轻人都在搬离大城市。
Considering: 考虑到(由于)
Many are switching to EVs considering their cost and environmental benefits: 考虑到开支和环境上的双重益处,许多人都开始买电动汽车。
各种“所以”
So: 所以
口语中最常用的“所以”表达,不适用于正式书写(马上教大家可以用的)。
The restaurant was full, so we had to go to another one: 饭店满了,所以我们不得不去另一家。
更高阶的“所以”
以下这一组都是适合用于更正式场合的,尤其是书写中:
Therefore: 因此、于是
Hence: 因此、于是
Thus: 因此
As a result: 结果是、所带来的结果是
Consequently: 所以、因此、结果是、引致了
各种“虽然”
Although: 虽然
大家千万要记住,用了although,绝对不要用but,是个语法硬伤,尽管有些native speakers偶尔也会犯。逻辑也和because与so一样,有了although,but是多余的。
Although the wait was long, the food was amazing: 虽然等了很久,但是菜很好吃。
Though: 虽然
意思和although一样,但是它更多用于句尾。
I like noodles. I don't like these noodles though. 虽然我爱吃面,但我不喜欢这种面。
Even though: 虽然
用法和although一样。
Even though the wait was long, the food was amazing: 虽然等了很久,但是菜很好吃。
Despite: 尽管
比although那组词更正式一些,在书写里用得更多 。
In spite of: 同上
We still went hiking despite the rain: 尽管下了雨,我们还是去爬山了。
We still went hiking in spite of the rain: 尽管下了雨,我们还是去爬山了。
各种“但是”
But: 但是
I didn't like the movie, but my husband loved it: 我不喜欢那部电影,但是我先生喜欢。
However: 但是
比but要正式一些,但口语里也常用。
I didn't like the movie. However, my husband loved it. 我不喜欢那部电影,但是我先生喜欢。
也可以用在句尾:
I didn't like the movie. My husband loved it, however.
这两个词更多表达对比、突出区别,不光是转折
Whereas: 尽管、但是、却
I didn't like the movie, whereas my husband loved it: 我虽然不喜欢那部电影,我先生却很喜欢。
While: 同上
I didn't like the movie while my husband loved it: 我虽然不喜欢那部电影,我先生却很喜欢。
今天的节目内容好多,但是希望我们比较深入浅出地为大家介绍了这些英语连词的用法。
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