MAD建筑事务所在北国冰城设计的哈尔滨大剧院近日终于竣工。MAD在2010年赢得“哈尔滨文化岛”设计国际竞赛后，历时6年完成哈尔滨大剧院的概念设计到建成竣工，并对市民文化中心和剧院周围景观湿地作出整体规划设计。哈尔滨大剧院是文化岛的焦点，其规划用地1.8平方公里，总建筑面积7.9万平方米，由包含1600座的大剧场及400座的小剧场组成。
From the architect. MAD Architects unveils the completed Harbin Opera House, located in the Northern Chinese city of Harbin. In 2010, MAD won the international open competition for Harbin Cultural Island, a master plan for an operahouse, a cultural center, and the surrounding wetland landscape along Harbin’s Songhua River. The sinuous opera house is the focal point of the Cultural Island, occupying a building area of approximately 850,000 square feet of the site’s 444 acres total area. It features a grand theater that can host over 1,600 patrons and a smaller theater to accommodate anintimate audience of 400.
哈尔滨大剧院坐落在松花江北岸江畔，以风与水为灵感，对周围的湿地自然风光与北国冰封的地貌特征作出回应，成长为一座生于自然的灵动温和建筑。MAD的创始人马岩松说道：“我们希望作为城市文化中心的哈尔滨大剧院，在拥有巨大表演艺术空场地和城市公共空间的同时，也成为一处人文，艺术，自然相互融合的大地景观。”
Embedded within Harbin’s wetlands, the Harbin Opera House was designed in response to the force and spirit of the northern city’suntamed wilderness and frigid climate. Appearing as if sculpted by wind and water, the building seamlessly blends in with nature and the topography—a transfusion of local identity, art, and culture. “We envision Harbin Opera House as a cultural center of the future – a tremendous performance venue, as well as a dramatic public space that embodies the integration of human, art and the city identity, while synergistically blending with the surrounding nature,”said Ma Yansong, founding principal, MAD Architects.
哈尔滨大剧院的建筑外立面采用白色铝板包裹在与周边自然景观相吻合的优美建筑形体上，那张力十足的动感形体宛如雪峰，也宛如一首融入北国风光的史诗。
On the exterior, the architecture references the sinuous landscape of the surrounding area. The resulting curvilinear façade composed of smooth white aluminum panels becomes the poetry of edge and surface, softness and sharpness. The journey begins upon crossing the bridge onto Harbin Cultural Island, where the undulating architectural mass wraps a large public plaza, and during winter months, melts into the snowy winter environment.
大剧院大厅
The lobby of the grand theater
从大堂望向楼梯
View from side of the grand theater’s staircase
哈尔滨大剧院的内部空间序列十分具有戏剧性。宏伟大堂的顶部有一个跨越整个大堂空间宛如飞龙在天的天窗，天窗上的金字塔般的结晶幕墙单元体就像是透明龙鳞，阳光从这里倾泻而入，洒满整个气势磅礴的大堂。在这里，丰富的光影与精练的材料还有戏剧性的空间共同作用，直击人心，让人终生难忘。
The architectural procession choreographs aconceptual narrative, one that transforms visitors into performers. Upon entering the grand lobby, visitors will see large transparent glass walls spanning the grand lobby, visually connecting the curvilinear interior with the swooping façade and exterior plaza. Soaring above, a crystalline glass curtain wall soars over the grand lobby space with the support of a light weight diagrid structure. Comprised of glass pyramids, the surface alternates between smooth and faceted, referencing the billowing snow and ice of the frigid climate.Visitors are greeted with the simple opulence of natural light and materialsensation—all before taking their seat.
此外建筑师将温暖的水曲柳木材做成环绕大剧场室内外的曲面墙体，以简单材料和精妙空间实现了世界级的声学效果。精心设计的照明效果引导观众自然而然的进入接下来的艺术表演世界中。
Presenting a warm and inviting element, the grand theater is clad in rich wood, emulating a wooden block that has been gently eroded away. Sculpted from Manchurian Ash, the wooden walls gently wrap around the main stage and theater seating. From the proscenium to the mezzanine balcony the grand theater’s use of simple materials and spatial configuration provides world-class acoustics. The grand theater is illuminated in part by asubtle skylight that connects the audience to the exterior and the passing of time.
小剧场大厅
Lobby of the small theater
小剧场的舞台后方是一片巨大的隔音玻璃幕墙。这扇窗联系自然与舞台，让小剧场能以自然为背景，成为室外环境延伸的一部分，激荡出观众与艺术家之间的更多的艺术火花。
拥有全景窗户，联系景观的小剧场
Panoramic window backdrops the small theater stage with the surrounding landscape
Within the second, smaller theater, the interior is connected seamlessly to the exterior by the large, panoramic window behind the performance stage. This wall of sound-proof glass provides a naturally scenic backdrop for performances and activates the stage as an extension of the outdoor environment, inspiring production opportunities.
可以欣赏到松花江全景的观景屋顶平台
Rooftop terrace with observation deck that provides panoramic views of Harbin and the Songhua River
哈尔滨大剧院是一座如同自然地形般的建筑，是一座允许人们能够从四面八方自由达到的谦逊建筑。人们甚至能通过大剧院外立面上的通道，在这座“白色冰山”上进行攀爬，到达筑顶部的露天剧场和观景平台，享受独一无二的壮美哈尔滨城市全景。当游客重返宽广的地面广场，宏伟的大堂空间正以开放的姿态迎接他们。
办公区大厅
Office Lobby
Harbin Opera House emphasizes public interaction and participation with the building. Both ticket holders and the general public alike can explore the façade’s carved paths and ascend the building as if traversing local topography. At the apex, visitors discover an open, exterior performance space that serves as an observation platform for visitors to survey the panoramic views of Harbin’s metropolitan skyline and the surrounding wetlands below. Upon descent, visitors return to the expansive public plaza, and are invited to explore the grand lobby space.
排练室
Rehearsal Room
歌剧院是极为复杂的建筑项目，但是MAD的创作远远超越了建筑学范畴，以一颗尊崇自然的心，妙手天公的完美囊括了复杂功能和建筑多样化身份的诉求。这座与环境深深关联，与人的精神产生共鸣的大剧院，也是人与自然的一座桥梁。
Surpassing the complex opera house typology,MAD articulates an architecture inspired by nature and saturated in local identity, culture and art. As the Harbin OperaHouse deepens the emotional connection of the public with the environment, the architecture is consequently theatrical in both its performance of narrative spaces and its context within the landscape.
一层平面图
First Floor Plan
二层平面图
Second Floor Plan
屋顶平面图
Roof Plan
大剧场纵断面
Longitudinal Section of the grand theater
大剧场横断面
Transversal Section of the grand theater
小剧场纵断面
Longitudinal Section of the small section
项目信息
建筑设计：MAD建筑事务所
业主：哈尔滨松北投资发展集团有限公司
项目位置：哈尔滨，黑龙江省，中国
主持建筑师：马岩松，党群, 早野洋介
建筑面积：79,000平方米
建筑高度：56米
设计时间：2010-2015
摄影：Hufton+Crow, Adam Mørk
Architects: MAD Architects
Location: Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
Directors: Ma Yansong, Dang Qun, Yosuke Hayano
Area: 850000.0 ft2
Project Year: 2015
Photographs: Hufton+Crow, Adam Mørk
合作建筑师：北京市建筑设计研究院幕墙顾问：英海特幕墙顾问公司，中国京冶工程技术有限公司BIM：铿利科技有限公司景观设计：北京土人景观与规划设计研究院室内设计：MAD建筑事务所 深圳市科源建设集团有限公司室内装饰顾问：哈尔滨唯美源装饰设计有限公司建筑声学顾问：华东建筑设计研究院有限公司声学及剧院专项设计研究所建筑照明设计：中外建工程设计与顾问有限公司舞台灯光和舞台音响设计：华东建筑设计研究院有限公司声学及剧院专项设计研究所舞台机械设计：北京新纪元建筑工程设计有限公司标识设计：深圳市自由美标识有限公司
Associate Engineers: Beijing Institute of Architectural Design
Façade/cladding Consultants: Inhabit Group, China Jingye Engineering Co., Ltd.
BIM: Gehry Technologies Co., Ltd.
Landscape Architect: Turenscape, Earthasia Design Group
Interior Design: MAD Architects, Shenzhen Z&F Culture Construction Co., Ltd.
Lighting Design: Toryo International Lighting Design Center, Beijing United ArtistsLighting Design Co., Ltd.
Acoustic Consultants: Zhang Kuisheng Acoustics Research Institute of Shanghai ModernDesign Group
Stage Lighting Design: EKO Lighting Equipment Co., Ltd.
Stage Mechanical Engineers: Chinese PLA General Armament Institute of Engineering Design
Signage Design: Shenzhen Freesigns Signage Co., Ltd.
设计团队：Jordan Kanter, Daniel Gillen, Bas van Wylick, 刘会英, 傅昌瑞, 赵伟, 李健 ,郑芳, Julian Sattler, Jackob Beer, J Travis Russett, Sohith Perera, Colby Thomas Suter, 于魁, Philippe Brysse, 黄伟, Flora Lee, 王伟, 谢怡邦, Lyo Hengliu, Alexander Cornelius, Alex Gornelius, 毛蓓宏, Gianantonio Bongiorno, Jei Kim, 陈元宇, 于浩臣, 覃立超, Pil-Sun Ham, Mingyu Seol, 林国敏, 张海峡, 李广崇, Wilson Wu, 马宁, Davide Signorato, Nick Tran, 向玲, Gustavo Alfred Van Staveren, 杨杰
Design Team: Jordan Kanter, Daniel Gillen, Bas van Wylick, Liu Huiying, FuChangrui, Zhao Wei, Kin Li ,Zheng Fang, Julian Sattler, Jackob Beer, J TravisRussett, Sohith Perera, Colby Thomas Suter, Yu Kui, Philippe Brysse, Huang Wei,Flora Lee, Wang Wei, Xie Yibang, Lyo Hengliu, Alexander Cornelius, AlexGornelius, Mao Beihong, Gianantonio Bongiorno, Jei Kim, Chen Yuanyu, YuHaochen, Qin Lichao, Pil-Sun Ham, Mingyu Seol, Lin Guomin, Zhang Haixia, LiGuangchong, Wilson Wu, Ma Ning, Davide Signorato, Nick Tran, Xiang Ling,Gustavo Alfred Van Staveren, Yang Jie
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