冠词的分类
定冠词：the
不定冠词:a/an
零冠词
定冠词the的用法
①表示上文提到过的人或事物。
如：He bought an English-Chinese dictionary this morning. Thedictionary is very good.
②用于单数可数名词前，表示整体或类别。
如：The panda is a rare animal.
= A panda is a rare animal.
= Pandas are rare animals.
③用来表示世界上独一无二的事物
如：the sun, the moon, the sky, the earth, the world
④用于表示阶级、党派的名词前。
如：the Chinese Communist Party, the working class
⑤常用于含有普通名词或形容词的专有名词前。
A. 用于许多江海，山脉，群岛等名词前：
The Yellow River，The East Sea, the Himalayas, the PacificOcean
B. 用于由普通名词构成的国名：
The People’s Republic of China, the United States
C. 用于机关、团体、朝代、时代、报刊杂志等名词前：
the United Nations, the State Council, the Tang dynasty, thePeople’s Daily
the Summer Palace, the Plaza Hotel, the British Museum
⑥用于表示方位的名词前。
如：in the east, on the left
⑦用于乐器名词前，但汉语拼音的乐器前不用冠词。
如：play the piano/guitar/ violin
⑧用于复数的姓氏前，表示两夫妇或全家，在此情况下，这类名词作复数对待。
如：When we got there, the Greens were waiting for us.
The Smiths watch TV every day.
⑨用于某些形容词或过去分词前，表示一类人或事物。
如：the poor, the rich, the old, the sick, the dead, the young, thewounded
⑩用在形容词的最高级前或序数词前。
如：Shanghai is the biggest city in china.
After the game, the first thing they wanted to do was to take ahot bath.
例外：Can you explain it a second time(=again)?
here is a third(=another) boy running on the playground.
Paris is a most(=very) beautiful city in theworld.
不定冠词a(an)的用法
A.不定冠词a(an)用于单数可数名词前。
如：a girl, an English book, a university
B. 不定冠词用于单数可数名词前，可以表示其全类(泛指)。
如：An English teacher teaches the students how to learnEnglish.
零冠词用法
①表示某一类人或事物的复数名词前，不用冠词。
Now people are living a happy life.
Trees are planted everywhere.
②不含普通名词的专有名词，表示泛指的物质名词和抽象名词前，不用冠词。
We are studying English.
It is a pleasant to walk in soft snow.
③季节、月份、星期等名词前，一般不用冠词。
She likes spring while I like summer.
We have no classes on Saturday.
④表示职务、头衔的名词前，不用冠词。
We have elected him our monitor.
⑤三餐饭的名词前，一般不用冠词。
When do you have lunch?
注意：有修饰词除外
We had a wonderful supper last night.
⑥节假日等名词前，不用冠词。
Children all wear their best clothes on National Day.
People give gifts to each other on Christmas Day.
注意：中国节日前有the。 The Spring Festival, The Mid-Autumn Day
⑦球类和棋类运动的名词前，不用冠词。
play basketball, play chess
⑧在某些固定词组里，名词前不用冠词。
on foot, by train / boat / plane, in class, in church, in danger,in hospital, in bed,
at school, at daybreak, at sunrise, at dusk, at sunset, at night,at noon, go to school等。
注意事项
①当man作人类讲时，用零冠词
Man can conquer nature.
②某些抽象名词具体化，其前可加a。如：surprise, fire, joy等。
She is a success as a teacher.
It is a great joy to have talked with you.
③a用于姓氏前表示某个只知道名字而不不熟悉的人。
A Mr. Liu is waiting to see you outside.
④word 作消息讲时，用零冠词。
Word came that he would go abroad.
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