T
take along / take care of / take place / take out
1) Miss Wang ＿＿＿ a handkerchief and blew her nose．
2) Mr Zhang ＿＿＿ some of his pictures in the hope of getting a job there．
3) Since 1996, great changes ＿＿＿ in our school．
4) My grandmother was ill．I must stay at home to ＿＿＿ her．
解析: ①took out表示“拿出；掏出”。 ②took along表示“携带；随身带着”，其中along是副词。 ③have taken place表示“发生”,相当于一不及物动词,无被动语态。 ④take care of表示“照料；照管；照顾”。
take...as .../ take ...for...
take...as...：把...看作，相当于regard...as。My parents take me as a baby.
take ...for...: 把...认定是... He took John for Tom.
take one’s place / take the place of / take place
take one’s place：就座，就位。相当于take one’s seat。
Please take your places; we are ready to begin our class.
take sb’s place / take the place of sb：替代（某人）。
The manager is going on business. Who can take his place? =Who can take the place of the manager?
Nothing can take the place of a wheel. （没有什么能取代轮子。）
take place：发生，举行。无被动结构。
Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past five years.
A class meeting is to take place tomorrow afternoon.
take turns to do / by turns / in turn
take turns to do 轮流做某事 The three daughters took turns to attend their mother.
by turns 轮流，交替 We do cleaning by turns.
in turn 依次 The students turned their papers in turn and went out of the classroom.
tell...from / tell...between
tell A from B意为“区分A和B”，也可以说成tell the difference between A and B。
Can you tell American English from British English?你能分辨出美国英语和英国英语吗？
To tell the truth, I really can’t tell the differences between the Maori and American Indians．
老实说，我真的分不清毛利人和印第安人。
the red and white T-shirt / the red and the white T-shirts
The red and white T-shirt is costly. （那条红白相间的T恤很贵。）
The red and the white T-shirts are costly. （那些红色和白色的T恤都很贵。）
the same as / the same that
the same as是表示“相似或同一类的人和事”之意。
Many of the sports were the same as they are now． 过去的很多体育项目和现在的一样。
This is the same book as Mr Wang lost． 这本书跟王先生丢失的那本一模一样。 ?
the same that作“同一个人或同一件事”解。
This is the same book that Mr Wang lost． 这本书就是王先生丢失的那本书。
That is the same bike that I lost． 那辆自行车就是我丢失的那辆。
the three of us / three of us
Three of us are going. （我们中有三个人要去。）
The three of us are going. （我们这三个人都要去。）
think of／think about／think over
这三个词组都与“想”有关，但所表达的含义有所不同。
think of多用来指“想起，认为”。
Last night,before I went to bed,I thought of my parents．昨晚我睡觉前,想起了我的父母
What do you think of that book？你认为那本书怎么样？
think about 多用来指“考虑某事情或对某事进行思考”。
Think about what you have done！想想你所做的这一切吧！
think over意思是“仔细考虑，认真思考”。
Before you answer this question,please think it over. 回答这个问题之前,请认真考虑一下
this kind of / of this kind
“this kind of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数常与kind保持一致
“名词＋of this kind”作主语时，谓语动词的数常与该名词保持一致。
This kind of actress is easy to find but directors of this kind are scarce．
这种女演员不难找，可是这种导演却不多见。
though / although / as / even though / as though
though和although引导让步状语从句时，常可互换，只是although的语气更强一些。
Though/Although it was late,the farmers kept on harvesting the crops by the lights of the tractors．
此外，though可以用于省略句，although很少这样用though引导的从句可以部分倒装，although引导的从句不用倒装语序。
Though poor, he is always neatly dressed．
Poor though I am, I can afford it．
as表示“虽然”、“尽管”引导让步状语从句时,从句要用倒装语序,将表语、状语等置于句首。
Tired as he was, he went on working with his workmates．
Child as he is, he knows a lot about the computer．
注意：as引导让步状语从句时，若充当表语的名词位于句首，则该名词前面不用冠词。
even though即使。等于even if。例:I wouldn’t attend his party, even though invited to.
as though好像=as if。eg:He runs as though he were mad. （他跑起来像发疯似的。）
through / over / across / into
1) The PLA man jumped ＿＿＿ the water to save the boy．
2) The highway goes under the river ＿＿＿ the tunnel．
3) There is a bridge ＿＿＿ the river．
4) The ship sailed ＿＿＿ the Atlantic．
5) The students walked ＿＿＿ the gate with Mr Liu．
解析: ①into意为“进入；到……里”，含动作方向为由外向里之意。 ⑤through意为“通过；穿过”，侧重于指从物体的中间穿过。 ③over此处意为“（位置）横跨；在……上面”，表示动作时为“越过……”之意。 ④across意为“横过；穿过”，一般指从房间、原野、海洋等一端横越到另一端或两个动作方向成十字交叉状。
to oneself / of oneself
to oneself 暗自，在心中 "What's wrong?" he said to himself.
of oneself 自行地 The big fire died of itself.
too much / much too
too much：太多（后接不可数名词）；太过分（后接for短语）。
There is too much work today.
The problem is too much for the five-year-old boy.
much too：太。比too语气强，相当于far too，rather too等；其后接形容词和副词。例如：The problem is much too difficult for the five-year-old boy.
trip / journey / travel / tour / voyage
trip是非正式用语，指短时间内往返的商业旅行或观光旅行。
We went on a pleasant trip to the nearest seaside during our vacation．
在假期里我们到最近的海滨作了一次愉快的旅行。
journey常指由某一地点到另一地点的旅行，也指旅行的路程，是比较正式的用语。
He made a long journey from Beijing to London． 他从北京到伦敦做了一次长途旅行。
travel泛指旅行、游历，是最为普通的用语，但无路程的含义。
He came home after five years of travel． 五年的旅行后，他回到家中。
tour常指访问多处的观光旅行，常指周游后回到原出发地之意。
Confucius began to make his tour among the states． 孔夫子开始周游列国。
voyage：航行,指航海或航空The voyage through the Pacific took them nearly one month.
try on / try out
try on指“试穿（衣服、鞋子）”及“试戴（帽子）”等，其中的on为副词，当宾语是代词时，该宾语要放在on之前；如果宾语是名词，该宾语放在on之前或之后均可。
try on a coat＝try a coat on 试穿衣服
The new hat is for you．Please try it on这新帽子是给你的，请试试看。
try out指“试验或试用”某种机器、理论或方法,其中的out为副词,当宾语是代词时,try out要分开用。
We tried out this new crop on a large area last year． 去年我们大面积试种这种新庄稼。
I'll try it out and see if it works． 我来试试看能否行得通。
try to do / manage to do
try to do：试图、企图做某事（未必成功）。相当于attempt to do。
They tried to push the door open but failed.
manage to do：成功、设法做某事。相当于succeed in doing。
I just managed to get there in time.
In spite of the storm, he managed to get here in time.
U
used to / be used to / get used to ?
used to意为“过去常常(做某事)”,后接动词原形。常用来表示今昔对比,含“(现在)已不那样做了”之意。
She used to work hard．她过去工作很努力。（暗指现在工作不努力了。）
be used to 有两个含义：①“被用来做某事”，后接动词原形。②“习惯于；适应”，后接名词、代词或v－ing，表示一种状态。
Computers are used to do many things for people now． 现在计算机被用来做许多事情。
He is used to hard work．他现在习惯于艰苦的工作。
She isn’t used to living in the countryside now． 她不习惯在乡下生活。
get used to 意为“习惯于”，表示一个动作，含“由不适应向适应的转变”，其后接名词、代词或v－ing。You’ll soon get used to the weather here．你很快就会适应这儿的天气。
unless / if not
unless 除非（此意可与if not 换用）I shall to there unless it rains.=I shall go there if it doesn't rain.
if not (也可引导假设的条件,unless没此用) She would have died if the doctor had not saved her.
V
value / price / cost
value：价值
The book is of no value. （这本书没价值。）
I hope this book will be of value to both teachers and students.
I hope this book will be valuable to both teachers and students.
price 价格，价钱，定价。The book was sold at a low price.
cost cost：价格，成本，费用。
The book was sold at a cost price. （这书以成本价出售。）
What’s the cost of the journey? （这趟旅行的费用多少？）
vast / huge
vast强调面积和范围的宽广或博大
huge指体积或容量等方面“巨大、超过一般标准”
This area is covered in vast forests． 这个地区被一片广阔无垠的森林覆盖。
That’s a huge ship． 那艘船好大。
very / quite / fairly / rather
都有“十分”的意思。
rather可用于修饰形容词或副词比较级，也可放在too（太）之前，very，quite和fairly则不可以。另外，very通常不修饰以a字母开头的形容词（如afraid, alone, asleep, aware, ashamed等，而要用much修饰），也不直接修饰动词；
quite侧重于“完全地、彻底地”，相当于completely或entirely，可修饰形容词、副词或动词；
fairly侧重于“还算”，通常修饰“使人感到愉快的”形容词或副词；
rather侧重于“极，相当”，通常修饰表示“使人感到不愉快的”的形容词或副词。
—Instead of using “I very like English”, we often express “I like English very much.”
（我们不说“I very like English.”，通常说“I like English very much.”。）
—Quite right. It’s very important. （完全正确。这一点很重要。）
—His pronunciation is fairly good, but his handwriting is rather poor.
—I quite agree with you.
very / right / just
三者都含有“正好；就是”之意
very是形容词，用来修饰名词，位于the, this，my等限定词后；?
right和just作副词，用来修饰谓语（常为动词be）或作状语的介词短语等，须放在the, this，my等限定词之前。
At the very beginning of this term, they took an exam．就在学期开始的时候，他们举行了一次考试。
He is just the actor I want．他正是我所想要的演员。
The police looked at the thief right in the eye．警察目不转睛地盯着小偷。
visit / call / see / drop in
visit：拜访，访问；参观。可表示正式的访问或朋友间或亲戚间的拜访。
At present, they are visiting all parts of the country.
see 看望，探望。用于非正式的而且是熟人之间的拜访。
“I’ve just arrived by train,” she said. “I’m coming to see you.”
call：拜访，走访。call on接某人作宾语，call at接某地作宾语。
I called on him yesterday, but he could not help us.
He called at every house in the street once a month.
drop in：顺便走访。drop in on接某人当宾语，drop in at接某地当宾语。
On our way home, we dropped in on the Greens. 比较：
On our way home, we dropped in at the Greens’.
W
wait / expect
wait：等待。指动作上等待。Wait a moment, please.
I have been waiting for him for half an hour.
expect：等待，期盼。指心理上期盼。We are expecting a letter from Li Hua.
Father has been expecting you.
warn sb of / warn sb against
warn sb of：警告某人某事 warn him of the danger
warn sb against 警告某人不做,相当于warn sb not to do sth eg: He warned us against smoking.
wash／wash away
wash表示“洗（手、衣服等）”，既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词；?
wash away表示“冲走”、“冲垮”、“洗掉”，作及物动词短语用。
[EXERCISES]
①The flood some of the houses in the village．
②He his face and hands，then went downstairs．
③You must before dinner．
（Keys: ①washed away ②washed ③wash）
wear / have on / put on / dress /（be）in
wear主要用于穿衣服、戴眼镜（手套、首饰、帽）等，以强调“穿（戴）着”的状态。
Mr Wu always wears a blue coat in winter． 吴老师冬天总是穿着一件蓝色大衣。
have on作“穿（戴）着”解，同wear一样，也表状态，但不用于进行时态。
Xiao Wang has on a white shirt today．（＝Xiao Wang is wearing a white shirt today．）
小王今天穿着一件白衬衫。
put on着重强调“穿（戴）上”的动作。
I like to put on my hat when I go out in winter． 冬天，我喜欢外出时戴上帽子。
dress既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，所接宾语是人而不是衣、帽等物。
1）Her mother is dressing her． 她母亲正在给她穿衣服。
2）The nurses are dressed in white． 护士穿着白衣服。
“（be）in＋颜色或服装、眼镜等”也表示“穿着”的状态，在句中作表语或定语。
He is in uniform today． 他今天穿着制服。
when / while / as
when：当或在……的时候。从句中的动作可以表示某一段时间或某一时刻。
When we were at school, we went to the library every day.
It was raining when we arrived.
while：当或在…的时候。表示主句中的动作在从句中的动作的进展过程中发生，只能指某一段时间。
Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.
as 当/在…的时候;可与when或while通用,但它着重指主从句的动作同时发生,有"一边…一边…"含义The children sang happily as they went along the road.
wide / widely
wide：宽，大。The fox lay dead, with its mouth wide open. （张大嘴巴）
widely：广泛地。The Chinese language is widely used. （广泛使用）
work on／work at
work on表示“从事”、“创作”、“进行”，后面接名词、代词或V－ing，强调做具体的事；还可表示“继续工作”、“努力说服”，既可作及物动词短语用，又可作不及物动词短语用。
Miss Liu is working on a new book．刘老师正在写一部新书。
We'll work on till midnight．我们将继续工作到午夜。
work at表示“致力于”、“从事于”、“研究”、“学习”，后面接名词、代词或V－ing，强调把时间和精力等用在某一方面的事情上，侧重于说明所从事的工作性质。
Mr.Zhang is working at a new invention．张先生正从事于一项新的发明。
He has worked at this subject for many years．他研究这门学科已经好多年了。
worth / worthy
worth和worthy都有“值得的”的意思。
worth后接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义,或接表示钱数或相当于“代价”的名词,只当作表语；
worthy可以作表语（后接of，再接名词或动名词的被动形式，或直接跟不定式的被动形式），可以作定语（是“有价值的、可尊敬的”的意思）。
It is worth every penny of it. （所花的每分钱都值得。）
Smith is a worthy gentleman. （史密斯是个可敬的人。）
又如，“这地方值得参观。”有以下不同表达：
The place is worth visiting.
The place is worthy of a visit.
The place is worthy of being visited.
The place is worthy to be visited.
worthwhile 作定语 a worthwhile task值得做的工作
用于句型It is worthwhile doing/to do sth
would do sth．/ used to do sth / be used to / get used to
would do sth．表示过去某一段时间内习惯性的行为、活动；
I would get up early and go fishing.
Sometimes we would sit and listen to her play the piano．
used to do sth．暗含“现在已不这样了”的意思；其后既可接表示动作的动词，也可接表示认知或状态的动词。My elder brother used to be in the army. （此处不用would）
be used to 习惯于(常表现在的习惯性动做或状态;其后接动词-ing形式);被用于(其后接动词原形)。
I used to live in the country, but now I’m used to living in the city.
The skin of snakes is used to make some kinds of musical instruments.蛇皮被用于制作多种乐器。
get used to 习惯于。其后接名词或动词-ing形式。
Have you got used to the food / living here?
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