小学英语语法（全）及专项练习题
一、名词复数规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives
5．不规则名词复数：
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth,
fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
练习：写出下列各词的复数
I _________him _________this ___________her ______
watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______
day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________
tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____
thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______
man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________
water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________
二、一般现在时
一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成
1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：
Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
提示词：sometimes有时 often经常usually 通常 always总是 every day 每天
单复数区分：I You We They Mike and Sarah The elephants +动词原形
He She It Mike The elephant +动词 s es
一般现在时的变化
1. be动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句：be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?
2.行为动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.
一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：
- Do you often play football? -Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：
- Does she go to work by bike? -Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?
动词+s的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks
2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：do—does, go-goes, guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, catch—catches
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies fly—flies
以元音加y结尾的，直接加s，如： play—plays
4. have—has
一般现在时用法专练:
一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________
look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____
come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________
study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20.－What day _______(be) it today? － It’sSaturday.
三、现在进行时
1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+ be + 主语 + 动词ing?
但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词+ be + 动词ing?
提示词：now现在
am is are 固定搭配：
I am You are He is She is We are They are It is Mike is
Mike and Sarah are The elephant is The elephants are
动词加ing的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make—making use—using take—taking have—having ride—riding dive—diving write—writing dance—dancing taste-tasting
3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如： stop-stopping get—getting set—setting run—running
swim—swimming put—putting
现在进行时专项练习：
一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
play________ run__________ swim _________make__________go_________like________ write________ _ski___________ read________ have_________sing ________ dance_________put_________ see________ buy _________love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________give __________fly_________ plant _________ask ________ smoke ______
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ (sing) in the classroom.
3. My mother _________________ (cook) some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look. They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now
10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes, she is.
四、一般将来时
一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。
提示词：next week 下周 tomorrow明天
二、基本结构：①be going to + do；②will+ do.
三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t
例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnicthis afternoon.
四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。
例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on anouting this weekend?
五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1. 问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New Yorksoon. →Who’s going to New Yorksoon.
2.问干什么。What … do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is yourfather going to do with you this afternoon.
3.问什么时候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed?
六、同义句：be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.
一般将来时专项练习：
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.
I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。
What ______ ______ _______ _______ ______ next Monday? I ____ ____ _____playbasketball.
What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.
3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。
_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?
Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.
4. 你们打算什么时候见面。What time_______ you _________ __________ meet?
5. Nancyis going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy ________ going to go camping.
6. I’ll go and join them.（改否定）I _______ go ______ join them.
7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）
________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?
8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）
_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.
9. She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）
________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?
10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)
_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.
11. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic thisafternoon.
12. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.
13. Tom often _______ (go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He______(go) to school by bike.
14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually ______ (watch) TVand_____ (catch) insects?
15. It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend? She______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects.
16.What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) appleson a farm. What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (milk) cows.
17. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.
18. Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.
19. David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.
20. I ________________ (plan) for my study now
用“ have, has ”填空。
1. I_________ a nice puppet.
2. He_________a good friend.
3. They__________ some masks.
4. We___________some flowers.
5. She___________ a duck.
6. My father____________ a new bike.
7. Her mother___________a vase.
8. Our teacher_________ an English book.
9. Our teachers___________a basketball.
10. Their parents___________some blankets
11. Nancy_________many skirts.
12. David__________some jackets.
13. My friends__________a football.
14. What do you__________?
15. What does Mike__________?
16. What do your friends___________?
17. What does Helen___________?
18. His brother________a basketball.
19. Her sister_________a nice doll.
20. Miss Li__________an English book.
五、一般过去时
1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2．be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）
⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’tgo home yesterday.
一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim gohome yesterday?
特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?
动词过去式变化规则：
1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied
5．不规则动词过去式：
am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got,go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put,make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode,speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat
一般过去式专项练习
一、写出下列动词的过去式
is, am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________
drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________
does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____
taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______
throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________
二、用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I _______ at school just now.
2. He ________ at the camp last week.
3. We ________ students two years ago.
4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago.
5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old lastyear.
6. There ________ an apple on the plateyesterday.
7. There ________ some milk in the fridge onSunday.
8. The mobile phone _______ on the sofayesterday evening.
9. I ______ an English teacher now.
10. She _______ happy yesterday.
11. They _______ glad to see each other last month.
12. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.
13. The little dog _____ two years old this year.
14. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.
15. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday.
16. It ______ Ben’s birthday last Friday.
17. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It_____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited.
三、用行为动词的适当形式填空
1. He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.
2. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night.
3. We _______ (have) a party last Halloween.
4. Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on thefarm last week.
5. I ________ (make) a model ship with Mikeyesterday.
6. They ________ (play) chess in the classroomlast PE lesson.
7. My mother _______ (cook) a nice food lastSpring Festival.
8. The girls ________ (sing) and _______(dance) at the party.
9. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
10. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
11. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)
12. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?
13. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.
14. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.
15. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.
16. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________(find) a beautiful butterfly.
17. We all ______ (have) a good time last night.
18. He ________ (jump) high on last Sports Day.
19. Helen ________ (milk) a cow on Friday.
20. She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday. (read)
21. He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now. (play)
22. Jim’s mother _________ (plant) trees just now.
23. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _____.
24. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.
25. We ___________ (go) to school on Sunday.
26. It _____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday.
27. Mr White ________ (go) to his office by car.
28. Gao Shan ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.
29. Don’t ______ the house. Mum _______ it yesterday. (clean)
30. What ____ you ______ just now? I _______ some housework. (do)
31. They _________ (make) a kite a week ago.
32. I want to ______ apples. But my dad _______ all of them last month. (pick)
33. _______ he ______ the flowers this morning? Yes, he _____. (water)
34. She ____ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _____ (do) Chinese dances.
35. The students often _________ (draw) some pictures in the art room.
36. What ______ Mike do on the farm? He ________ cows. (milk)
六、人称代词和物主代词
1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。
2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。
人称代词 物主代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
我 I me 我的 my mine
你，你们 you you 你的，你们的 your yours
他 he him 他的 his his
她 she her 她的 her hers
它 it it 它的 its its
我们 we us 我们的 our ours
他（她，它）们 they them 他（她，它）们的 their theirs
练习：用所给词的适当形式填空
1. That is not _________ kite. That kite isvery small, but ______ is very big. ( I )
2. The dress is _________. Give it to_________. ( she )
3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not_________ . ( I )
4. _____ is my brother. ______name is Jack.Look! Those stamps are _____. ( he )
5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What colourare _________? ( you )
6. Here are many dolls, which one is _________? ( she )
7. I can find my toy, but where’s _________? (you )
8. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)
9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name isMimi. These cakes are _________. ( it )
10. Are these ______ tickets? No, _____ are not ______. ______ aren’t here. (they )
11. Shall _______ have a look at that classroom? That is _______ classroom. (we )
12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she)
13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he )
14. Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call ______ parents. (they )
15. Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger!
16. _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she )
17. _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we )
18. So many dogs. Let’s count _________. ( they )
19. I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much.( he )
20. May I sit beside _________? ( you )
21. Look at that desk. Those books are on _________. ( it)
22. The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she )
用am, is, are 填空
1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.
2. The girl______ Jack's sister.
3. The dog _______ tall and fat.
4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.
5. ______ your brother in the classroom?
6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.
7. How _______ your father?
8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.
9. Whose dress ______ this?
10. Whose socks ______ they?
11. That ______ my red skirt.
12. Who ______ I?
13.The jeans ______ on the desk.
14.Here ______ a scarf for you.
15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.
16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.
17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.
18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.
19. Some tea ______ in the glass.
20. Gao shan's shirt _______ over there.
21. My sister's name ______Nancy.
22. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil.
23. ______ David and Helen from England?
24. There ______ a girl in the room.
25. There ______ some apples on the tree.
26. _______ there any kites in the classroom?
27. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle?
28. There _______ some bread on the plate.
29. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.
30. You,he and I ______ from China.
