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一天一块巧克力,疾病不再来

一天一块巧克力,疾病不再来

一项新研究表明,每天都吃黑巧克力可能有助于防止致命的心血管事件发生。

 

一项澳大利亚的研究表明,每天都吃黑巧克力,坚持上10年,就能够减少那些代谢综合症患者的心脏病突发和中风等心血管事件的发生,还能降低患心脏病和糖尿病的风险因素。

研究者研发了一种数学模型,该模型能够对10年中每天都吃黑巧克的人的健康状况和有效成本作出预测。此外,他们对2013名患有高血压且满足代谢综合症标准的病人的几项研究进行了综合分析。

只有黑巧克力(界定为至少含有60%-70%可可固态物的黑巧克力)起到了心肌保护作用,牛奶巧克力或白巧克力却没有。

研究对象并没有心脏病或糖尿病史,也没有通过服用药物来降低过自己的血压。

研究人员发现,在接受10年期限治疗的一万人中,研究对象每天老老实实吃黑巧克力的时候,每日黑巧克力的消耗就能够防止70次非致命和15次致命心血管事件的发生。

在接受10年期限治疗的一万人中,哪怕他们10天中只有8天吃了黑巧克力,但是防止心血管事件发生的数量都还分别为55次(非致命)和10次(致命),所以这也可以看作是一种有效的干预策略。

科学们说,根据他们的数学模型,在黑巧克力消费的预防策略上,虽然人均每年在巧克力上的开支为42美元,其中包括广告、教育活动或者高危人群购买黑巧克力的费用,但是这可能就形成了一种稳定的健康益处。

研究作者指出,他们看的只是黑巧克力消耗对非致命中风和非致命心脏病突发事件的影响,而对心力衰竭等心血管事件方面的潜在影响还有待研究。

他们还表示,只有黑巧克力(界定为至少含有60%-70%可可固态物的黑巧克力)起到了心肌保护作用,牛奶巧克力或白巧克力却没有。之所以是黑巧克力,可能是由于在黑巧克力内发现的类黄酮含量较高,而这种在化合物能让巧克力起到心肌保护作用。

然而,研究人员最终表示,普通黑巧克力对降低血压和胆固醇的影响“可能意味着那些患有代谢综合症(但无糖尿病)的患者有了一种有效且划算的健康策略。”

因为对黑巧克力内的类黄酮的心肌保护作用方面的研究过去都只是一些短期研究,所以还有待进一步研究,才能确定其真正的因果关系。此外,一天应该吃多少巧克力这个问题在研究中也没有明确,所以别吃太多,最好多考虑考虑,可能不是我们想象的那样。

研究者在《英国医学杂志》上发表了他们的研究成果。

  • 标题:A Piece of Chocolate a Day Keeps the Doctor Away - The Atlantic
  • 原文作者: Charlotte LoBuono 
  • Eating dark chocolate every day for 10 years could reduce the incidence of such cardiovascular events as heart attacks and strokes in those with metabolic syndrome, a group of risk factors for heart disease and diabetes, according to an Australian study.

    The investigators developed a mathematical model to predict the health effects and cost effectiveness of daily dark chocolate consumption over 10 years. They performed a meta-analysis of several studies involving 2,013 people with high blood pressure and who met the criteria for metabolic syndrome.

    Cardioprotective effects have only been demonstrated for dark chocolate (defined as containing at least 60 to 70 percent cocoa solids), and not for milk or white chocolate.

    Study participants had no history of heart disease or diabetes and were not on medication to lower their blood pressure.

    The researchers showed that, when study participants ate dark chocolate faithfully every day, daily dark chocolate consumption could prevent 70 non-fatal and 15 fatal cardiovascular events per 10,000 people treated over 10 years.

    Even when they ate dark chocolate only eight out of every 10 days, the number of cardiovascular events prevented was 55 and 10 per 10,000 people treated over 10 years, and so could still be considered an effective intervention strategy.

    Simply spending about $42 per person per year on prevention strategies involving dark chocolate consumption, including advertising, educational campaigns, or subsidizing the purchase of dark chocolate in high-risk populations, could, according to their model, produce a solid health benefit, the scientists said.

     

  • The authors pointed out that they only looked at the effects of dark chocolate consumption on the incidence of non-fatal stroke and non-fatal heart attack, and that its potential effects on other cardiovascular events, such as heart failure, need to be studied.


  • They also said that cardioprotective effects have only been demonstrated for dark chocolate (defined as containing at least 60 to 70 percent cocoa solids), and not for milk or white chocolate. This focus on dark chocolate may be due to the higher levels of flavonoids, the compounds that give chocolate its cardioprotective effects, found in dark chocolate.

    The researchers concluded, however, that the blood pressure and cholesterol lowering effects of plain dark chocolate "could represent an effective and cost effective strategy for people with metabolic syndrome (and no diabetes)."

    The cardioprotective effects of flavonoids in dark chocolate have previously been studied only in short-term studies. Further research is needed to determine an actual cause and effect relationship. How much dark chocolate should be eaten a day is also not clear from the study, so don't gorge, thinking more is better; it is likely not.

    The investigators published their work in the British Medical Journal

     

     

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