曹冲(东汉末年神童)

性格宽厚

古文

时军国多事，用刑严重。太祖马鞍在库，而为鼠所啮，库吏惧必死，议欲面缚首罪，犹惧不免。冲谓曰：“待三日中，然后自归。”冲于是以刀穿单衣，如鼠啮者，谬为失意，貌有愁色。太祖问之，冲对曰：“世俗以为鼠啮衣者，其主不吉。今单衣见啮，是以忧戚。”太祖曰：“此妄言耳，无所苦也。”俄而库吏以啮鞍闻，太祖笑曰：“儿衣在侧，尚啮，况鞍县柱乎。”一无所问。冲仁爱识达，皆此类也。凡应罪戳，而为冲微所辩理，赖以济宥者，前后数十。太祖数对群臣称述，有欲传后意。

译文

汉末之时，战乱频繁，统治者常常采用严刑峻法来约束人民。一次曹操的马鞍在仓库被老鼠咬了，守卫仓库的官吏们认为这下必死无疑，商议着要把自己绑了去自首，但还是很害怕免不了死罪。曹冲为人仁厚，通情达理，知道了这件事后，就让他们先等几天。曹冲拿刀弄破自己的衣服，看起来像是被老鼠咬破的，又假装很失意，脸上显现出发愁的样子。曹操见了问他，他就说：“世俗的人认为衣服被老鼠咬破，对衣服的主人不吉利，现在我的衣服也被咬了，所以发愁。”曹操说：“这是胡说，不要担心。”不久曹操听说了马鞍被咬的事，就笑着说：“我儿子的衣服就放在身边都被咬了，何况是挂在柱子上的马鞍。”于是没有追究这件事。还有很多犯下罪过的人，按照刑法应该被处死，都依靠曹冲的辩解得到了宽大处理。曹操把这些事情对大臣们说，表示有意传位于曹冲。

三国志中的介绍

正在加载邓哀王冲字仓舒。武皇帝子,母环夫人,少聪察岐嶷，生五六岁，智意所及，有若成人之智。时孙权曾致巨象，太祖欲知其斤重，访之群下，咸莫能出其理。冲曰：“置象大船之上，而刻其水痕所至，称物以载之，则校可知矣。”太祖大锐，即施行焉。时军国多事，用刑严重。太祖马鞍在库，而为鼠所啮，库吏惧必死，议欲面缚首罪，犹惧不免。冲谓曰：“待三日中，然后自归。”冲于是以刀穿单衣，如鼠啮者，谬为失意，貌有愁色。太祖问之，冲对曰：“世俗以为鼠啮衣者，其主不吉。今单衣见啮，是以忧戚。”太祖曰：“此妄言耳，无所苦也。”俄而库吏以啮鞍闻，太祖笑曰：“儿衣在侧，尚啮，况鞍县柱手?”一无所问。冲仁爱识达，皆此类也。凡应罪戳，而为冲微所辩理，赖以济宥者，前后数十。太祖数对群臣称述，有欲传后意。

年十三，建安十三年疾病，太祖亲为请命。及亡，哀甚。文帝宽喻太祖，太祖曰：“此我之不幸，而汝曹之幸也。”言则流涕，为聘甄氏亡女与合葬，赠骑都尉印绶，命宛侯据子琮奉冲后。二十二年，封琮为邓侯。黄初二年，追赠谥冲曰邓哀侯，又追加号为公。三年，进琮爵，徙封冠军公。四年，徙封己氏公。太和五年，加冲号曰邓哀王。景初元年，琮坐于中尚方作禁物，削户三百，贬爵为都乡侯。三年，复为己氏公。正始七年，转封平阳公。景初、正元、景元中，累增邑，井前千九百户。

——《三国志魏书二十 武文世王公传第二十》

Deng AI Wang Chong word Cang shu. Wu Emperor son, mother ring, less clever police Qi Yi, born five or six, Moses intended and, if there is adult wisdom. Shi Sunquan had to the elephant, Taejo wants to know its weight, visit the group to its physical, salty. Chong said:'the home as the ship, and engraved the water mark to, said to the school, then just know.'Taejo large sharp, namely, execute them. When de things, some serious. Taejo saddle in the library, and the library at the rat, who fear death, proposed to Mianfu first sin, and fear not. Rush call:'for three days, then return.'Punch and knife wear unlined garment, such as the mesh, distort the frustrated, the appearance and grief. Taejo asked, Chong said:'secular thought rodents clothing, the main jinx. This garment is to see to, the sadness.'Zhu said:'this'ear, no pain and.'Library officials suddenly to gnaw saddle Wen, Emperor laughed and said:'son Yi in the side, is engaged, Kuang saddle County column hand?'not to ask. Love is a rush of, such also. Whosoever shall sin stamp, and made a small place argue for mercy, forgiveness, and dozens of. The number of ministers and the emperor, has the desire to pass after.

In thirteen years, the thirteen year of disease, was close to plead. And death, sorrow is. The emperor Taizu emperor width, said:'this is my misfortune, and Rucho Noyuki.'Words is a runny nose, as his daughter and being hired Zhen, a ride where life was, Wan Hou according to sub Cong in after. In twenty-two years, letter to Deng Cong hou. The yellow two years, said Deng AI Hou Shi Chong posthumously, and additional number for the public. In three years, into the grand champion male Cong, resettlement letter. In four years, have people's public letter. Wo five years, plus red number says Deng AI king. Beginning of the first year of king, Cong sitting in Imperial be forbidden, cut down three hundred, grand for all township. In three years, after it's fair. Some seven years, around Pingyang and letter. At the beginning of the yuan, king, King yuan, and well before the city, whereof he.

--'annals of the Three Kingdoms Wei Book twenty Vuvens the biography twentieth'